From hot springs to rice farms, scientists reveal new
... oldest organisms on Earth, finding paleontological our intestines and mouth. evidence of these ancient microbes has proven elusive. At the AGU session, G. Todd Ventura of While extremophiles have been the subject of intense research, scientists are just now beginning the University of Illinois-Chica ...
... oldest organisms on Earth, finding paleontological our intestines and mouth. evidence of these ancient microbes has proven elusive. At the AGU session, G. Todd Ventura of While extremophiles have been the subject of intense research, scientists are just now beginning the University of Illinois-Chica ...
COMMENTARY On the Diversity of Nature and the Nature of Diversity
... U.S. ecological safety net is the National Biological Diversity, Conservation, and Environmental Research Act, which was introduced by a bipartisan group of more than 80 sponsors to the House of Representatives in the spring of 1988.Although some agency officials consider this act a duplication of e ...
... U.S. ecological safety net is the National Biological Diversity, Conservation, and Environmental Research Act, which was introduced by a bipartisan group of more than 80 sponsors to the House of Representatives in the spring of 1988.Although some agency officials consider this act a duplication of e ...
Atlas_Squid_Rodhouse..
... has been found in the gut contents of sperm whales as far north as southern Africa and Australia (Clarke, 1980; Filippova, 2002). It is possible that the whales had taken them further south but it is equally conceivable that the squid extends northwards in Antarctic deep water. Given the extremely l ...
... has been found in the gut contents of sperm whales as far north as southern Africa and Australia (Clarke, 1980; Filippova, 2002). It is possible that the whales had taken them further south but it is equally conceivable that the squid extends northwards in Antarctic deep water. Given the extremely l ...
2011 - Board of Studies
... There are thirteen species of finch living on the Galapagos Islands. They are thought to have evolved from a common ancestral finch population that arrived from South America. Which of the following statements best accounts for the thirteen species of finch? (A) The ancestral finches had an increas ...
... There are thirteen species of finch living on the Galapagos Islands. They are thought to have evolved from a common ancestral finch population that arrived from South America. Which of the following statements best accounts for the thirteen species of finch? (A) The ancestral finches had an increas ...
Mammalian Biology 88th Annual Meeting of the - JKI
... (Rhinopomatidae) and is known as an extremely frequent bat in the southern part of Iran with over 52 reported localities. The taxonomic status of R. muscatellum in Iran is not so clear, as different research groups have reported one or two subspecies. In the present study, using morphologic, morphom ...
... (Rhinopomatidae) and is known as an extremely frequent bat in the southern part of Iran with over 52 reported localities. The taxonomic status of R. muscatellum in Iran is not so clear, as different research groups have reported one or two subspecies. In the present study, using morphologic, morphom ...
Factors Determining Forest Diversity and Biomass on a Tropical
... hump-shaped pattern. Elevation was consistently the most important factor in determining alpha-diversity for all components. The alpha-diversity of ground-cover vegetation was also negatively correlated with leaf area index, which suggests low light conditions in the understorey may limit diversity ...
... hump-shaped pattern. Elevation was consistently the most important factor in determining alpha-diversity for all components. The alpha-diversity of ground-cover vegetation was also negatively correlated with leaf area index, which suggests low light conditions in the understorey may limit diversity ...
21 | CONSERVATION AND BIODIVERSITY
... own forms of seasonality, such as rainfall, but they are generally assumed to be more stable environments and this stability might promote speciation. Regardless of the mechanisms, it is certainly true that biodiversity is greatest in the tropics. The number of endemic species is higher in the tropi ...
... own forms of seasonality, such as rainfall, but they are generally assumed to be more stable environments and this stability might promote speciation. Regardless of the mechanisms, it is certainly true that biodiversity is greatest in the tropics. The number of endemic species is higher in the tropi ...
English
... allelic diversity and supports the calculation of phylogenetic distance, which helps to prioritise the conservation of particular species or regions, where they represent a highly-unusual, often very ancient set of genes. Co-ancestry observations are available for an increasing part of the scientifi ...
... allelic diversity and supports the calculation of phylogenetic distance, which helps to prioritise the conservation of particular species or regions, where they represent a highly-unusual, often very ancient set of genes. Co-ancestry observations are available for an increasing part of the scientifi ...
The influence of interspecific interactions on species range
... of local population growth rates and spatial displacement rates, but also via effects on other demographic parameters. The best empirical evidence for interspecific effects on expansion rates comes from studies of biological invasions. Notably, invasion studies indicate that competitive dominance an ...
... of local population growth rates and spatial displacement rates, but also via effects on other demographic parameters. The best empirical evidence for interspecific effects on expansion rates comes from studies of biological invasions. Notably, invasion studies indicate that competitive dominance an ...
Biodiversity as spatial insurance: the effects of habitat fragmentation
... loss. Indeed, strong synergies between habitat fragmentation and climate change are expected (Holt 1990, Travis 2003) and will likely compound the loss of biodiversity at local and regional scales. The threat of widespread and rapid loss of biodiversity across most regions has prompted two decades o ...
... loss. Indeed, strong synergies between habitat fragmentation and climate change are expected (Holt 1990, Travis 2003) and will likely compound the loss of biodiversity at local and regional scales. The threat of widespread and rapid loss of biodiversity across most regions has prompted two decades o ...
Position Statement - California Native Plant Society
... The different categories of rare vegetation surpass the natural forms of rarity of individual species, simply because multiple permutations are the norm when more than one species represents a single vegetation stand, and a stand of vegetation can be defined by morphology (structure) as well as by s ...
... The different categories of rare vegetation surpass the natural forms of rarity of individual species, simply because multiple permutations are the norm when more than one species represents a single vegetation stand, and a stand of vegetation can be defined by morphology (structure) as well as by s ...
Mutualistic Mimicry and Filtering by Altitude Shape the Structure of
... 2000). Müllerian mimicry in butterflies (Müller 1879) is a compelling example of positive, mutualistic interactions (Rowland et al. 2007), where different species protected by chemical defenses converge in warning color patterns (comimetic species; fig. 1C) and share the density-dependent cost of ...
... 2000). Müllerian mimicry in butterflies (Müller 1879) is a compelling example of positive, mutualistic interactions (Rowland et al. 2007), where different species protected by chemical defenses converge in warning color patterns (comimetic species; fig. 1C) and share the density-dependent cost of ...
Introduction to Ecology
... Types of Ecology • Ecosystem Ecology – An Ecosystem consists of all the organisms in a particular region along with non-living components. (biotic and abiotic factors) – Focuses on how nutrients and energy move between organisms, as well as how abiotic factors such as climate, pollution, etc. affec ...
... Types of Ecology • Ecosystem Ecology – An Ecosystem consists of all the organisms in a particular region along with non-living components. (biotic and abiotic factors) – Focuses on how nutrients and energy move between organisms, as well as how abiotic factors such as climate, pollution, etc. affec ...
Mammals and Seeds - Plymouth State University
... that some abiotic factors, including season, lunar phase, microhabitat, and thermal regime, have differential effects on predation and competition depending on the environment (Kotler, 1984; Brown 1988; Brown et al, 1988, 1994b; Mitchell and Brown, 1990; Kotler et al, 1993; Hughes et al, 1994; Meyer ...
... that some abiotic factors, including season, lunar phase, microhabitat, and thermal regime, have differential effects on predation and competition depending on the environment (Kotler, 1984; Brown 1988; Brown et al, 1988, 1994b; Mitchell and Brown, 1990; Kotler et al, 1993; Hughes et al, 1994; Meyer ...
marine benthic populations in antarctica
... Sampling difficulties have meant that there have been more studies of population patterns than of processes in Antarctic benthos, but a number of generalizations can be made. Benthic marine invenebrates in Antarctica have species/abundance relationships similar to those found in temperate or tropica ...
... Sampling difficulties have meant that there have been more studies of population patterns than of processes in Antarctic benthos, but a number of generalizations can be made. Benthic marine invenebrates in Antarctica have species/abundance relationships similar to those found in temperate or tropica ...
Toward a Better Integration of Ecological
... of eroded gravel from the isolated single-species treatments (figure 2), presumably because of the increased flow turbulence created by a more topographically complex surface from the different shapes and sizes of mussel species and species differences in burrowing depth. Therefore, after measuring ...
... of eroded gravel from the isolated single-species treatments (figure 2), presumably because of the increased flow turbulence created by a more topographically complex surface from the different shapes and sizes of mussel species and species differences in burrowing depth. Therefore, after measuring ...
pdf reprint
... begun to predict more generally a mixture of both positive and negative responses to edges across ecological systems (Ries et al. 2004). The effects of fragment area and isolation emerged as clear themes decades later. In empirical studies, ecologists began to recognize that fragment size changed co ...
... begun to predict more generally a mixture of both positive and negative responses to edges across ecological systems (Ries et al. 2004). The effects of fragment area and isolation emerged as clear themes decades later. In empirical studies, ecologists began to recognize that fragment size changed co ...
Complex community and evolutionary responses to habitat
... near edges, a result of trophic interactions among ants, aphids, and a defoliating herbivore. In another multitrophic study, Wimp et al. [9] demonstrated that predicted declines of planthopper herbivores near edges were not explained by bottom-up effects on resources, which did not vary in quality ...
... near edges, a result of trophic interactions among ants, aphids, and a defoliating herbivore. In another multitrophic study, Wimp et al. [9] demonstrated that predicted declines of planthopper herbivores near edges were not explained by bottom-up effects on resources, which did not vary in quality ...
Using Network Analysis to infer impact of climate change on
... Chile; 3Rui Nabeiro Biodiversity Chair, CIBIO, University of Évora, Largo dos Colegiais, 7000 Évora, Portugal; ...
... Chile; 3Rui Nabeiro Biodiversity Chair, CIBIO, University of Évora, Largo dos Colegiais, 7000 Évora, Portugal; ...
species richness, latitude, and scale-sensitivity
... the New World, we parameterized the power function and determined whether those parameters varied in a systematic fashion with latitude. Significant latitude-induced monotonic variation in the rate of species accumulation with area (z parameter) documented scalesensitivity for both bats and marsupia ...
... the New World, we parameterized the power function and determined whether those parameters varied in a systematic fashion with latitude. Significant latitude-induced monotonic variation in the rate of species accumulation with area (z parameter) documented scalesensitivity for both bats and marsupia ...
measuring seed dispersal - (CRSSA), Rutgers University
... predicted that a change in the disturbance regime that increases the number of patches (and light and nutrient availability) can increase not only the density of seedlings, but also the local range of a population. Seeds produced in an undisturbed understory remain there, while seeds in patchy fores ...
... predicted that a change in the disturbance regime that increases the number of patches (and light and nutrient availability) can increase not only the density of seedlings, but also the local range of a population. Seeds produced in an undisturbed understory remain there, while seeds in patchy fores ...
A Game-Theoretic Model for Punctuated Equilibrium
... and so each successful mutation would lead to a new species. Although this is an important extreme, we are more interested in modelling invasion both within existing species as well as through the appearance of new species. Since, from our point of view of asexual populations, individuals only differ ...
... and so each successful mutation would lead to a new species. Although this is an important extreme, we are more interested in modelling invasion both within existing species as well as through the appearance of new species. Since, from our point of view of asexual populations, individuals only differ ...
Metacommunity Dynamics: Decline of Functional
... brassicae. Indeed, abundance and diversity of parasitoids were often more strongly affected by habitat fragmentation than the abundance and diversity of herbivorous hosts, even at the scale of few hundred meters [29]. More generally, parasitoids were more sensitive to urbanization than their hosts [ ...
... brassicae. Indeed, abundance and diversity of parasitoids were often more strongly affected by habitat fragmentation than the abundance and diversity of herbivorous hosts, even at the scale of few hundred meters [29]. More generally, parasitoids were more sensitive to urbanization than their hosts [ ...
Standard 5 - Pompton Lakes School District
... Students are provided data and information about a given ecosystem, including data about population numbers of different species. Roll two “environmental change dice”. One die will randomly determine if light, water, temperature, soil, etc. will change, and the other die will determine if it will in ...
... Students are provided data and information about a given ecosystem, including data about population numbers of different species. Roll two “environmental change dice”. One die will randomly determine if light, water, temperature, soil, etc. will change, and the other die will determine if it will in ...
Ecology - Canyon ISD
... their environment; • their interactions with biotic and abiotic factors… • the organism’s NICHE! Ecology is the study of homes! ...
... their environment; • their interactions with biotic and abiotic factors… • the organism’s NICHE! Ecology is the study of homes! ...
Biogeography
Biogeography is the study of the distribution of species and ecosystems in geographic space and through geological time. Organisms and biological communities often vary in a regular fashion along geographic gradients of latitude, elevation, isolation and habitat area. Phytogeography is the branch of biogeography that studies the distribution of plants. Zoogeography is the branch that studies distribution of animals.Knowledge of spatial variation in the numbers and types of organisms is as vital to us today as it was to our early human ancestors, as we adapt to heterogeneous but geographically predictable environments. Biogeography is an integrative field of inquiry that unites concepts and information from ecology, evolutionary biology, geology, and physical geography.Modern biogeographic research combines information and ideas from many fields, from the physiological and ecological constraints on organismal dispersal to geological and climatological phenomena operating at global spatial scales and evolutionary time frames.The short-term interactions within a habitat and species of organisms describe the ecological application of biogeography. Historical biogeography describes the long-term, evolutionary periods of time for broader classifications of organisms. Early scientists, beginning with Carl Linnaeus, contributed theories to the contributions of the development of biogeography as a science. Beginning in the mid-18th century, Europeans explored the world and discovered the biodiversity of life. Linnaeus initiated the ways to classify organisms through his exploration of undiscovered territories.The scientific theory of biogeography grows out of the work of Alexander von Humboldt (1769–1859), Hewett Cottrell Watson (1804–1881), Alphonse de Candolle (1806–1893), Alfred Russel Wallace (1823–1913), Philip Lutley Sclater (1829–1913) and other biologists and explorers.