Habitat related differences in the survivorship and
... be required. This treatment was not included in this design for 2 reasons. Firstly, it has been shown that, whereas density affects the growth of juvenile Evechinus chloroticus, there is no evidence for densitydependent mortality over a wide range of densities (Choat & Andrew 1985). Secondly, a pilo ...
... be required. This treatment was not included in this design for 2 reasons. Firstly, it has been shown that, whereas density affects the growth of juvenile Evechinus chloroticus, there is no evidence for densitydependent mortality over a wide range of densities (Choat & Andrew 1985). Secondly, a pilo ...
appendix w5 - Department of Water Affairs
... where 0 indicates no importance and 4 indicates very high importance (please refer to the rating guidelines for each separate determinant as discussed in W5.3 below). The median of the determinants is used to assign the Ecological Management Class (EMC) for a floodplain (see Table W5-2). The method ...
... where 0 indicates no importance and 4 indicates very high importance (please refer to the rating guidelines for each separate determinant as discussed in W5.3 below). The median of the determinants is used to assign the Ecological Management Class (EMC) for a floodplain (see Table W5-2). The method ...
Physiological Ecology of Rocky Intertidal Organisms: A
... Hofmann, 2001; Tomanek, this volume). These studies have shown that patterns in the temperatures of intertidal organisms are often highly complex, and that often variability over spatial scales of meters can exceed those observed over a latitudinal gradient (Helmuth, this volume). Importantly, becau ...
... Hofmann, 2001; Tomanek, this volume). These studies have shown that patterns in the temperatures of intertidal organisms are often highly complex, and that often variability over spatial scales of meters can exceed those observed over a latitudinal gradient (Helmuth, this volume). Importantly, becau ...
Patterns of morphology and resource use in North American desert
... suggest directions for further research. will focus on the specialized seed-eaters of ...
... suggest directions for further research. will focus on the specialized seed-eaters of ...
Life 9e - Garvness
... 1. Which of the following statements about cheese skippers is true? a. Their presence can be used to estimate the time of death of a body. b. They are among the first species to arrive when a dead body starts decomposing. c. They prefer hair and nails to flesh. d. Both a and b e. Both a and c Answer ...
... 1. Which of the following statements about cheese skippers is true? a. Their presence can be used to estimate the time of death of a body. b. They are among the first species to arrive when a dead body starts decomposing. c. They prefer hair and nails to flesh. d. Both a and b e. Both a and c Answer ...
Using Natural Range of Variation to Set Decision Thresholds: A
... Alaskan boreal forests (Sherriff et al. 2011), net ecosystem production in tropical forest (Sierra et al. 2007), and magnitude, frequency, and duration of river flows, as well as the spatial distribution and diversity of specific geomorphological forms, in the Colorado Front Range and Florida Evergl ...
... Alaskan boreal forests (Sherriff et al. 2011), net ecosystem production in tropical forest (Sierra et al. 2007), and magnitude, frequency, and duration of river flows, as well as the spatial distribution and diversity of specific geomorphological forms, in the Colorado Front Range and Florida Evergl ...
aggregated seed arrival alters plant diversity in
... interspecific segregation in response to differences in lifehistory trade-offs (Amarasekare 2003; Bolker and Pacala 1999). For example, species that specialize in colonization, exploitation and tolerance may take advantage of different opportunities because the system is not well mixed (Bolker and P ...
... interspecific segregation in response to differences in lifehistory trade-offs (Amarasekare 2003; Bolker and Pacala 1999). For example, species that specialize in colonization, exploitation and tolerance may take advantage of different opportunities because the system is not well mixed (Bolker and P ...
An ecological perspective on the deployment and design of low
... To understand and predict the effects of management interventions (e.g., coastal defences) on biodiversity, we must consider how ecological processes might be impacted not just locally (1–10 km) but also regionally (tens to hundreds of kilometers). For example, specific local effects of coastal defe ...
... To understand and predict the effects of management interventions (e.g., coastal defences) on biodiversity, we must consider how ecological processes might be impacted not just locally (1–10 km) but also regionally (tens to hundreds of kilometers). For example, specific local effects of coastal defe ...
Spatial dynamics of Norwegian tetraonid populations
... a given species in different sites may fluctuate in synchrony if they are affected similarly by factors such as spatially autocorrelated climate, predation, or by dispersal between populations of one species. We used county wise time series of hunting bag records of four Norwegian tetraonid species cov ...
... a given species in different sites may fluctuate in synchrony if they are affected similarly by factors such as spatially autocorrelated climate, predation, or by dispersal between populations of one species. We used county wise time series of hunting bag records of four Norwegian tetraonid species cov ...
Impacts of climate change on the future of biodiversity
... which provides a means of very short-term response (within individualÕs lifetimes, Charmantier et al. 2008). It may involve intraspecific variation in morphological, physiological or behavioural traits, which can occur on different time scales within the populationsÕ spatial range (Botkin et al. 200 ...
... which provides a means of very short-term response (within individualÕs lifetimes, Charmantier et al. 2008). It may involve intraspecific variation in morphological, physiological or behavioural traits, which can occur on different time scales within the populationsÕ spatial range (Botkin et al. 200 ...
8 Conflicts over biodiversity
... it is not only the loss of species per se that is worrying, it is particularly the destruction and alteration of their habitats which is crucially important. Loss of habitat area and habitat diversity reduces the Earth's capacity to support viable populations. Indeed, the primary cause of biodiversi ...
... it is not only the loss of species per se that is worrying, it is particularly the destruction and alteration of their habitats which is crucially important. Loss of habitat area and habitat diversity reduces the Earth's capacity to support viable populations. Indeed, the primary cause of biodiversi ...
Homogenization, Differentiation, and the Widespread Alteration of
... may be a transitory phenomenon as fish eventually spread through natural and human-assisted means (Rahel 2004; Unmack, and Fagan 2004; Johnson et al. 2008). For example, a strong positive relationship between time since introduction and the number of occupied basins was reported for nonnative fishes ...
... may be a transitory phenomenon as fish eventually spread through natural and human-assisted means (Rahel 2004; Unmack, and Fagan 2004; Johnson et al. 2008). For example, a strong positive relationship between time since introduction and the number of occupied basins was reported for nonnative fishes ...
Biology - Arizona Educator Proficiency Assessments
... Understand the principles of Mendelian and non-Mendelian genetics. For example: evidence that certain characteristics are inherited; basic principles of heredity (e.g., independent assortment); the relationship of Mendelian genetics to the structure and behavior of chromosomes; crossing-over and its ...
... Understand the principles of Mendelian and non-Mendelian genetics. For example: evidence that certain characteristics are inherited; basic principles of heredity (e.g., independent assortment); the relationship of Mendelian genetics to the structure and behavior of chromosomes; crossing-over and its ...
Rhodoliths and Rhodolith Beds
... 1930), the eastern Pacific (Dawson 1960a, 1960b), and Brazil, where beds cover hundreds of square km (Kempf, 1970; see the “Deep Beds in Brazil” section in this paper). These explorations were followed by extensive surveys in Brazil (Lavrado, 2006) and around the Hawaiian Islands (Adey et al., 1982) ...
... 1930), the eastern Pacific (Dawson 1960a, 1960b), and Brazil, where beds cover hundreds of square km (Kempf, 1970; see the “Deep Beds in Brazil” section in this paper). These explorations were followed by extensive surveys in Brazil (Lavrado, 2006) and around the Hawaiian Islands (Adey et al., 1982) ...
Clonal growth and plant species abundance - Clo-Pla
... and Garnier, 2002) that are assumed to approximate important field processes and for which data collection is relatively easy (see e.g. Westoby, 1998). However, the soft traits that have traditionally been used in examinations of trait – abundance relationships have not included any that represent t ...
... and Garnier, 2002) that are assumed to approximate important field processes and for which data collection is relatively easy (see e.g. Westoby, 1998). However, the soft traits that have traditionally been used in examinations of trait – abundance relationships have not included any that represent t ...
spatial selection and inheritance
... relationship with predictions from the breeder’s equation (Fig. 1A), and after several generations k approached an asymptotic value that was inversely related to median dispersal distance (Fig. 1B). For certain parameter values, spatial selection and inheritance caused k to reach an asymptotic value ...
... relationship with predictions from the breeder’s equation (Fig. 1A), and after several generations k approached an asymptotic value that was inversely related to median dispersal distance (Fig. 1B). For certain parameter values, spatial selection and inheritance caused k to reach an asymptotic value ...
Feeding Relationships Among Species of Notropis (Pisces
... slightly oblique; the snout is blunt. The eyes are in fall and spring (Trautman 1957). This movement lateral. In Roxbury Creek N. stramineus ranged from may be influenced by temperature differences be28 to 56 mm in standard length. tween the river or lake and the tributary stream Notropis dorsalis, ...
... slightly oblique; the snout is blunt. The eyes are in fall and spring (Trautman 1957). This movement lateral. In Roxbury Creek N. stramineus ranged from may be influenced by temperature differences be28 to 56 mm in standard length. tween the river or lake and the tributary stream Notropis dorsalis, ...
14.1 Habitat And Niche
... • A habitat is all aspects of the area in which an organism lives. – biotic factors – abiotic factors • An ecological niche includes all of the factors that a species needs to survive, stay healthy, and reproduce. – food – abiotic conditions – behavior ...
... • A habitat is all aspects of the area in which an organism lives. – biotic factors – abiotic factors • An ecological niche includes all of the factors that a species needs to survive, stay healthy, and reproduce. – food – abiotic conditions – behavior ...
An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere
... Concept 52.1: Earth’s climate varies by latitude and season and is changing rapidly • The long-term prevailing weather conditions in an area constitute its climate • Four major abiotic components of climate are temperature, precipitation, sunlight, and wind • Macroclimate consists of patterns on th ...
... Concept 52.1: Earth’s climate varies by latitude and season and is changing rapidly • The long-term prevailing weather conditions in an area constitute its climate • Four major abiotic components of climate are temperature, precipitation, sunlight, and wind • Macroclimate consists of patterns on th ...
Ecosystems - Oxford University Press
... »» explain the development of strategies for managing natural events in Australian ecosystems »» describe the contribution of scientific developments in agricultural practices »» research Australian contributions to the study of ecology and human impacts on the environment (additional) ...
... »» explain the development of strategies for managing natural events in Australian ecosystems »» describe the contribution of scientific developments in agricultural practices »» research Australian contributions to the study of ecology and human impacts on the environment (additional) ...
Hotspot Ecosystem Research on Europe`s Deep-Ocean
... the physical factors that control ecosystems (geology, sedimentology, physical oceanography, biogeochemistry). In addition, it is important to set present-day ecosystems in an historical framework by studying the sediment record to determine long-term environmental changes and the potential response ...
... the physical factors that control ecosystems (geology, sedimentology, physical oceanography, biogeochemistry). In addition, it is important to set present-day ecosystems in an historical framework by studying the sediment record to determine long-term environmental changes and the potential response ...
The Ecology of Place: Contributions of Place-Based
... Tempting explanations include environmental or genetic differences that elicit different plant responses—that is, changes in realized or fundamental niches, respectively—but we cannot exclude the possibility that variable responses are artifacts of using different study methods. In the second exampl ...
... Tempting explanations include environmental or genetic differences that elicit different plant responses—that is, changes in realized or fundamental niches, respectively—but we cannot exclude the possibility that variable responses are artifacts of using different study methods. In the second exampl ...
Pyrodiversity vs Biodiversity
... affects biodiversity in our study region. If fire history does not affect the distribution of plants and animals in the region then fire management, including patch-mosaic burning, will have little effect on the region’s biodiversity. One obstacle we faced was that, as with most regions, systematic kn ...
... affects biodiversity in our study region. If fire history does not affect the distribution of plants and animals in the region then fire management, including patch-mosaic burning, will have little effect on the region’s biodiversity. One obstacle we faced was that, as with most regions, systematic kn ...
Adaptive Radiation, Ecological Opportunity, and
... abstract: Adaptive radiation refers to diversification from an ancestral species that produces descendants adapted to use a great variety of distinct ecological niches. In this review, I examine two aspects of adaptive radiation: first, that it results from ecological opportunity and, second, that i ...
... abstract: Adaptive radiation refers to diversification from an ancestral species that produces descendants adapted to use a great variety of distinct ecological niches. In this review, I examine two aspects of adaptive radiation: first, that it results from ecological opportunity and, second, that i ...
Adaptive Radiation, Ecological Opportunity, and Evolutionary
... abstract: Adaptive radiation refers to diversification from an ancestral species that produces descendants adapted to use a great variety of distinct ecological niches. In this review, I examine two aspects of adaptive radiation: first, that it results from ecological opportunity and, second, that i ...
... abstract: Adaptive radiation refers to diversification from an ancestral species that produces descendants adapted to use a great variety of distinct ecological niches. In this review, I examine two aspects of adaptive radiation: first, that it results from ecological opportunity and, second, that i ...
Biogeography
Biogeography is the study of the distribution of species and ecosystems in geographic space and through geological time. Organisms and biological communities often vary in a regular fashion along geographic gradients of latitude, elevation, isolation and habitat area. Phytogeography is the branch of biogeography that studies the distribution of plants. Zoogeography is the branch that studies distribution of animals.Knowledge of spatial variation in the numbers and types of organisms is as vital to us today as it was to our early human ancestors, as we adapt to heterogeneous but geographically predictable environments. Biogeography is an integrative field of inquiry that unites concepts and information from ecology, evolutionary biology, geology, and physical geography.Modern biogeographic research combines information and ideas from many fields, from the physiological and ecological constraints on organismal dispersal to geological and climatological phenomena operating at global spatial scales and evolutionary time frames.The short-term interactions within a habitat and species of organisms describe the ecological application of biogeography. Historical biogeography describes the long-term, evolutionary periods of time for broader classifications of organisms. Early scientists, beginning with Carl Linnaeus, contributed theories to the contributions of the development of biogeography as a science. Beginning in the mid-18th century, Europeans explored the world and discovered the biodiversity of life. Linnaeus initiated the ways to classify organisms through his exploration of undiscovered territories.The scientific theory of biogeography grows out of the work of Alexander von Humboldt (1769–1859), Hewett Cottrell Watson (1804–1881), Alphonse de Candolle (1806–1893), Alfred Russel Wallace (1823–1913), Philip Lutley Sclater (1829–1913) and other biologists and explorers.