Significance and extent of secondary seed dispersal by predatory
... basic to understanding the different interactions and plant species involved in this secondary seed dispersal process in the whole of the archipelago. Logically, the study of pellets underestimates the real numbers of seeds dispersed by kestrels. Nevertheless, it is relatively easy to infer the actu ...
... basic to understanding the different interactions and plant species involved in this secondary seed dispersal process in the whole of the archipelago. Logically, the study of pellets underestimates the real numbers of seeds dispersed by kestrels. Nevertheless, it is relatively easy to infer the actu ...
The coexistence of species - Revista Chilena de Historia Natural
... theoretical studies, which represent the two major approaches to the ecological coexistence problem. The strengths and limitations of these two approaches are discussed, as well as the relative roles of empiricism and theory in the study of ecological coexistence. The second goal of this review is t ...
... theoretical studies, which represent the two major approaches to the ecological coexistence problem. The strengths and limitations of these two approaches are discussed, as well as the relative roles of empiricism and theory in the study of ecological coexistence. The second goal of this review is t ...
Heterogeneity
... foraging habits – in larger patches they can afford to spend less time foraging • Time spent within a patch varies as the square of the linear dimension of the patch, whilst travel time between them varies linearly (ie): large patches are preferable and used in a more ...
... foraging habits – in larger patches they can afford to spend less time foraging • Time spent within a patch varies as the square of the linear dimension of the patch, whilst travel time between them varies linearly (ie): large patches are preferable and used in a more ...
THE ECOLOGY, EVOLUTION, AND DIVERSIFICATION OF THE
... distribution and abundance of plant diversity in California’s vernal pool habitats. The goldfield genus Lasthenia is a particularly compelling system for exploring niche evolution in vernal pool plants because it contains some of the most locally abundant plant species in vernal pools and has been t ...
... distribution and abundance of plant diversity in California’s vernal pool habitats. The goldfield genus Lasthenia is a particularly compelling system for exploring niche evolution in vernal pool plants because it contains some of the most locally abundant plant species in vernal pools and has been t ...
Chapters 3,4 and 6: Ecology
... Different species living in the same environment, or habitat, may require the same resources. When the resources are limited, competition occurs among the species. Competition- is the struggle between different species for the same limited resources. The more similar the needs of the species, the mo ...
... Different species living in the same environment, or habitat, may require the same resources. When the resources are limited, competition occurs among the species. Competition- is the struggle between different species for the same limited resources. The more similar the needs of the species, the mo ...
Landscape connectivity analysis for conservation
... allowing the investigation of how the interaction between species movement abilities and landscape structure affects species survival, gene flow and other key ecological processes in fragmented landscapes. This requires the determination of functional connectivity which is the end result of a comple ...
... allowing the investigation of how the interaction between species movement abilities and landscape structure affects species survival, gene flow and other key ecological processes in fragmented landscapes. This requires the determination of functional connectivity which is the end result of a comple ...
Refining mimicry: phenotypic variation tracks the local
... our results suggest a multimodal evolution of similarity, with coordinated convergence in different features of the phenotype such as wing outline, pattern and hue. 5. Finally, multilocus genotyping allows estimating local hybridization rates between H. timareta and comimic H. melpomene in different ...
... our results suggest a multimodal evolution of similarity, with coordinated convergence in different features of the phenotype such as wing outline, pattern and hue. 5. Finally, multilocus genotyping allows estimating local hybridization rates between H. timareta and comimic H. melpomene in different ...
Approximating Nature`s Variation: Selecting and Using Reference
... 1986; see discussion in White 1996). Reproduction in such populations will appear to be absent and age structures skewed if observed at small scales of time and space. Species-area data are also strongly scale dependent on the scale of the observations (Fig. 1; Palmer & White 1994). As a result, spe ...
... 1986; see discussion in White 1996). Reproduction in such populations will appear to be absent and age structures skewed if observed at small scales of time and space. Species-area data are also strongly scale dependent on the scale of the observations (Fig. 1; Palmer & White 1994). As a result, spe ...
Ecological non-monotonicity and its effects on complexity and
... measured by reproduction and survival (which will determine the population’s increase rate) is often maximal in the middle of an environment gradient (e.g. temperature, salinity, rainfall). Fitness would decrease when the environment gradient they live in approaches an extreme value. This non-monoto ...
... measured by reproduction and survival (which will determine the population’s increase rate) is often maximal in the middle of an environment gradient (e.g. temperature, salinity, rainfall). Fitness would decrease when the environment gradient they live in approaches an extreme value. This non-monoto ...
Linking nutrient loading, local abiotic variables, richness and
... In addition, the contribution of different environmental variables to the biomass of key macrophyte and invertebrate species as well as the aggregated community variables such as richness, total biomass, biomass of specific functional group was explored using the Boosted Regression Trees (BRT) techn ...
... In addition, the contribution of different environmental variables to the biomass of key macrophyte and invertebrate species as well as the aggregated community variables such as richness, total biomass, biomass of specific functional group was explored using the Boosted Regression Trees (BRT) techn ...
University of Hawai`i at Mānoa - CITA-A
... Island Biology – Looking Toward the Future Oceanic islands have long been used as model systems for research in biogeography, ecology, evolution, and conservation. Islands were crucial for the formulation of Charles Darwin’s and Alfred Russel Wallace’s evolutionary theory, and the dynamic theory of ...
... Island Biology – Looking Toward the Future Oceanic islands have long been used as model systems for research in biogeography, ecology, evolution, and conservation. Islands were crucial for the formulation of Charles Darwin’s and Alfred Russel Wallace’s evolutionary theory, and the dynamic theory of ...
Parallel ecological networks in ecosystems Olff, Han
... populations (forestry, fisheries), modification of material cycles (e.g. eutrophication) and humaninduced climate change. Key general questions in this conservation agenda are: (i) which (types of ) species will be most vulnerable to extinction in the near future, (ii) are ecosystems of high biodive ...
... populations (forestry, fisheries), modification of material cycles (e.g. eutrophication) and humaninduced climate change. Key general questions in this conservation agenda are: (i) which (types of ) species will be most vulnerable to extinction in the near future, (ii) are ecosystems of high biodive ...
Parallel ecological networks in ecosystems
... populations (forestry, fisheries), modification of material cycles (e.g. eutrophication) and humaninduced climate change. Key general questions in this conservation agenda are: (i) which (types of ) species will be most vulnerable to extinction in the near future, (ii) are ecosystems of high biodive ...
... populations (forestry, fisheries), modification of material cycles (e.g. eutrophication) and humaninduced climate change. Key general questions in this conservation agenda are: (i) which (types of ) species will be most vulnerable to extinction in the near future, (ii) are ecosystems of high biodive ...
Spatial patterns of an endemic Mediterranean palm recolonizing old
... intensity λ of the pattern (= the number of points divided by area). ...
... intensity λ of the pattern (= the number of points divided by area). ...
Reprint
... tion beyond the age at which 100% of the individuals in a wild population could be expected to be dead from external causes such as predators, environmental conditions, or lack of habitat or food supply. Medawar proposed that the evolutionary benefit of living and reproducing longer declined to zero ...
... tion beyond the age at which 100% of the individuals in a wild population could be expected to be dead from external causes such as predators, environmental conditions, or lack of habitat or food supply. Medawar proposed that the evolutionary benefit of living and reproducing longer declined to zero ...
- Centre for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling
... populations (forestry, fisheries), modification of material cycles (e.g. eutrophication) and humaninduced climate change. Key general questions in this conservation agenda are: (i) which (types of ) species will be most vulnerable to extinction in the near future, (ii) are ecosystems of high biodive ...
... populations (forestry, fisheries), modification of material cycles (e.g. eutrophication) and humaninduced climate change. Key general questions in this conservation agenda are: (i) which (types of ) species will be most vulnerable to extinction in the near future, (ii) are ecosystems of high biodive ...
Reading Biodiversity Action Plan
... valuable education role. A variety of other open spaces that are used by wildlife and are in public ownership in Reading include areas such as cemeteries, allotments and highway verges. There are opportunities to enhance some of these areas for wildlife. A significant amount of land in Reading is pr ...
... valuable education role. A variety of other open spaces that are used by wildlife and are in public ownership in Reading include areas such as cemeteries, allotments and highway verges. There are opportunities to enhance some of these areas for wildlife. A significant amount of land in Reading is pr ...
ATOLL RESEARCH BULLETIN NO. 477 SPONGE PREDATORS
... The more common species at Twin Cays appear to coincide with the more or less typical mangrove-associated sponge fauna (Table 1) described in the literature (Alcolado, 1990; Hechtel, 1965; Sutherland, 1980; Riitzler, 1969; Diaz et al., 1985) or personally observed (Galeta and San Bias, Panama). Ther ...
... The more common species at Twin Cays appear to coincide with the more or less typical mangrove-associated sponge fauna (Table 1) described in the literature (Alcolado, 1990; Hechtel, 1965; Sutherland, 1980; Riitzler, 1969; Diaz et al., 1985) or personally observed (Galeta and San Bias, Panama). Ther ...
Levin, S.A. (editor). Encyclopedia
... consequences of spatial pattern on the functioning of populations, communities, and ecosystems. Nature is generally not homogenous with respect to ecological properties. Those properties include gradients in abiotic factors, such as the temperature, moisture, and the abundance of required resources; ...
... consequences of spatial pattern on the functioning of populations, communities, and ecosystems. Nature is generally not homogenous with respect to ecological properties. Those properties include gradients in abiotic factors, such as the temperature, moisture, and the abundance of required resources; ...
Ecological processes regulating geographic distributions of
... biogeography. The extent of species distributions is a product of historical and contemporary factors. Environmental factors may restrict colonization if the species is not adapted to these conditions. Alternatively, dispersal limitation can also limit colonization of suitable habitats (Goldberg and ...
... biogeography. The extent of species distributions is a product of historical and contemporary factors. Environmental factors may restrict colonization if the species is not adapted to these conditions. Alternatively, dispersal limitation can also limit colonization of suitable habitats (Goldberg and ...
The role of intra-specific trait variability in plankton biodiversity: a
... - outcomes of ecological interactions are measured at the population level: abundance, growth rate, distribution - the processes that result in population dynamics occur at the individual level: feeding, motility, resource uptake, sex ...
... - outcomes of ecological interactions are measured at the population level: abundance, growth rate, distribution - the processes that result in population dynamics occur at the individual level: feeding, motility, resource uptake, sex ...
Ecological Inventory of Queensborough, City of New Westminster
... type is classified as Lyngby’s Sedge Herbaceous Vegetation, an ecological community that is provincially rare and ranked as Vulnerable (S3) in B.C. (BC CDC, 2009). There was a high diversity of native plant species in the marsh areas, including abundant sea plantain in places. Vancouver Island be ...
... type is classified as Lyngby’s Sedge Herbaceous Vegetation, an ecological community that is provincially rare and ranked as Vulnerable (S3) in B.C. (BC CDC, 2009). There was a high diversity of native plant species in the marsh areas, including abundant sea plantain in places. Vancouver Island be ...
Biodiversity Plan - Banyule City Council
... Figure 1 below. The Plan has two parts – Part One is the core document containing Actions to be implemented, and Part Two contains supplementary technical documents in ten appendices. ...
... Figure 1 below. The Plan has two parts – Part One is the core document containing Actions to be implemented, and Part Two contains supplementary technical documents in ten appendices. ...
Petition to list the Giant Palouse Earthworm
... "The Giant Palouse Earthworm (Driloleirus americanus), a large earthworm three feet or more in length and light pink in color was first described in 1897 by taxonomist Frank Smith, University of Illinois, in The American Naturalist." He wrote that Mr. R. W. Doane of the Washington Agricultural Colle ...
... "The Giant Palouse Earthworm (Driloleirus americanus), a large earthworm three feet or more in length and light pink in color was first described in 1897 by taxonomist Frank Smith, University of Illinois, in The American Naturalist." He wrote that Mr. R. W. Doane of the Washington Agricultural Colle ...
Biogeography
Biogeography is the study of the distribution of species and ecosystems in geographic space and through geological time. Organisms and biological communities often vary in a regular fashion along geographic gradients of latitude, elevation, isolation and habitat area. Phytogeography is the branch of biogeography that studies the distribution of plants. Zoogeography is the branch that studies distribution of animals.Knowledge of spatial variation in the numbers and types of organisms is as vital to us today as it was to our early human ancestors, as we adapt to heterogeneous but geographically predictable environments. Biogeography is an integrative field of inquiry that unites concepts and information from ecology, evolutionary biology, geology, and physical geography.Modern biogeographic research combines information and ideas from many fields, from the physiological and ecological constraints on organismal dispersal to geological and climatological phenomena operating at global spatial scales and evolutionary time frames.The short-term interactions within a habitat and species of organisms describe the ecological application of biogeography. Historical biogeography describes the long-term, evolutionary periods of time for broader classifications of organisms. Early scientists, beginning with Carl Linnaeus, contributed theories to the contributions of the development of biogeography as a science. Beginning in the mid-18th century, Europeans explored the world and discovered the biodiversity of life. Linnaeus initiated the ways to classify organisms through his exploration of undiscovered territories.The scientific theory of biogeography grows out of the work of Alexander von Humboldt (1769–1859), Hewett Cottrell Watson (1804–1881), Alphonse de Candolle (1806–1893), Alfred Russel Wallace (1823–1913), Philip Lutley Sclater (1829–1913) and other biologists and explorers.