The merging of community ecology and phylogenetic biology
... Figure 2 Hypothesized variation in phylogenetic clustering and trait conservatism with phylogenetic scale (a) Phylogenetic conservatism of traits and phylogenetic clustering of species in communities varies as more of the tree of life is encompassed in an analysis. Ecologically relevant traits may b ...
... Figure 2 Hypothesized variation in phylogenetic clustering and trait conservatism with phylogenetic scale (a) Phylogenetic conservatism of traits and phylogenetic clustering of species in communities varies as more of the tree of life is encompassed in an analysis. Ecologically relevant traits may b ...
Biological Stoichiometry: A Chemical Bridge between Ecosystem
... feed back to alter the selective regime. The work just reviewed has occurred mainly in the field of freshwater plankton ecology but has also seen increasing application in freshwater benthic ecology (Frost et al. 2002) and, as will be discussed below, is expanding into terrestrial ecology as well. T ...
... feed back to alter the selective regime. The work just reviewed has occurred mainly in the field of freshwater plankton ecology but has also seen increasing application in freshwater benthic ecology (Frost et al. 2002) and, as will be discussed below, is expanding into terrestrial ecology as well. T ...
The merging of community ecology and phylogenetic
... conservatism because traits within clades are less variable than traits among clades. However, conservatism of traits deeper in the phylogeny may diminish due to homoplasy, particularly if lineages in different geographical regions have converged towards similar trait values as a result of similar s ...
... conservatism because traits within clades are less variable than traits among clades. However, conservatism of traits deeper in the phylogeny may diminish due to homoplasy, particularly if lineages in different geographical regions have converged towards similar trait values as a result of similar s ...
MASTER OF SCIENE PROGRAMME IN ANATOMY
... analysis and explanation of pattern of distribution both in the past and present time; cause of the varying pattern of occurring of different species over the surface of the planet and the interaction of physical change such as plate tectonics and the response of the biological world by means of evo ...
... analysis and explanation of pattern of distribution both in the past and present time; cause of the varying pattern of occurring of different species over the surface of the planet and the interaction of physical change such as plate tectonics and the response of the biological world by means of evo ...
Delivering Biodiversity Gain: Experience and Practicalities Dr Julia
... Valuing the biodiversity asset ...
... Valuing the biodiversity asset ...
INVASIVE BARNACLE FouLINg oN AN ENDEMIC BuRRowINg CRAB
... of the different relative availability of surface among sites rather than an active selection of them. Moreover, since the invasion of barnacles in the marshes is a recent phenomenon (Schwindt et al., 2009), colonization of crabs could increase in the near future together with the expansion of barna ...
... of the different relative availability of surface among sites rather than an active selection of them. Moreover, since the invasion of barnacles in the marshes is a recent phenomenon (Schwindt et al., 2009), colonization of crabs could increase in the near future together with the expansion of barna ...
Mine area - Conservation Significant fauna and habitat
... density and/or diversity compared to non-rocky adjacent country (Burnett 1997). In addition, cats forage less effectively in rocky areas. Their topographic complexity may also serve to ameliorate fire impacts, and they are typically not used for livestock production. Whilst rocky habitats support de ...
... density and/or diversity compared to non-rocky adjacent country (Burnett 1997). In addition, cats forage less effectively in rocky areas. Their topographic complexity may also serve to ameliorate fire impacts, and they are typically not used for livestock production. Whilst rocky habitats support de ...
Habitat selection by feral cats and dingoes in a
... feral cats (Konecny 1987; Alterio et al. 1998), no study has examined the possible reasons underlying these phenomena. Habitat use in animals has been much studied over the past 75 years (Rosenzweig 1991). From early on it was recognized that within some species, individuals actually choose which ha ...
... feral cats (Konecny 1987; Alterio et al. 1998), no study has examined the possible reasons underlying these phenomena. Habitat use in animals has been much studied over the past 75 years (Rosenzweig 1991). From early on it was recognized that within some species, individuals actually choose which ha ...
Reprint
... process must be able to select tiny differences in advantage or disadvantage. Modern programmed (e.g. [3]) and nonprogrammed (e.g. [4]) aging theories agree that in order for the observed aging and lifespan traits to exist, there must be a particular age in the life of a particular species at which ...
... process must be able to select tiny differences in advantage or disadvantage. Modern programmed (e.g. [3]) and nonprogrammed (e.g. [4]) aging theories agree that in order for the observed aging and lifespan traits to exist, there must be a particular age in the life of a particular species at which ...
Ways organisms interact - Franklin County Public Schools
... Images from: Pearson Education Inc; Publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall ...
... Images from: Pearson Education Inc; Publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall ...
The spatial scaling of habitat selection by African elephants
... & Raza 2010) and corresponds to the within-home range habitat selection as defined by Johnson (1980). Furthermore, it avoids linking the environmental characteristics of the geologically distinctive northern part of KNP to the patterns of habitat selection by the collared elephants, which were collar ...
... & Raza 2010) and corresponds to the within-home range habitat selection as defined by Johnson (1980). Furthermore, it avoids linking the environmental characteristics of the geologically distinctive northern part of KNP to the patterns of habitat selection by the collared elephants, which were collar ...
Biological invasions: a field synopsis, systematic review, and
... invasive species being studied, trophic level of the invader, invaded ecosystem and biome, and hypothesis being evaluated (detailed in Appendix 2). For studies carried out in the field or in gardens, we identified the location of the study where possible (i.e., where the invasion was located), by co ...
... invasive species being studied, trophic level of the invader, invaded ecosystem and biome, and hypothesis being evaluated (detailed in Appendix 2). For studies carried out in the field or in gardens, we identified the location of the study where possible (i.e., where the invasion was located), by co ...
Here - American Society of Mammalogists
... mammals—mostly bats. Here, I analyzed genetic data from multiple loci of previously known as well as newly found trypanosomes from the New and Old Worlds. I used phylogenetic model based methods, performed species delimitation, ancestral reconstruction, and historical biogeography analyses to follow ...
... mammals—mostly bats. Here, I analyzed genetic data from multiple loci of previously known as well as newly found trypanosomes from the New and Old Worlds. I used phylogenetic model based methods, performed species delimitation, ancestral reconstruction, and historical biogeography analyses to follow ...
Limiting Similarity Revisited
... Interim Reports on work of the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis receive only limited review. Views or opinions expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of the Institute, its National Member Organizations, or other organizations supporting the work. All rights reserved. ...
... Interim Reports on work of the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis receive only limited review. Views or opinions expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of the Institute, its National Member Organizations, or other organizations supporting the work. All rights reserved. ...
cws-RecoveryInfo2
... The special case of population and distribution objectives is discussed in some detail. See “Guidelines for Completing Recovery Strategy Templates” for information on what to include in the recovery strategy or management plan. Within the context of a recovery strategy, establishing goals and object ...
... The special case of population and distribution objectives is discussed in some detail. See “Guidelines for Completing Recovery Strategy Templates” for information on what to include in the recovery strategy or management plan. Within the context of a recovery strategy, establishing goals and object ...
OPPORTUNISTIC EVOLUTION: ABIOTIC ENVIRONMENTAL
... Gould and Lewontin, 1979; Alberch, 1982) or by modifying more general population-level approaches (e.g.: Slatkin, 1981; Lande, 1985). An additional element to be considered is the role of changing global ecosystems through time. The dominant morphologies and life histories of plants and animals, and ...
... Gould and Lewontin, 1979; Alberch, 1982) or by modifying more general population-level approaches (e.g.: Slatkin, 1981; Lande, 1985). An additional element to be considered is the role of changing global ecosystems through time. The dominant morphologies and life histories of plants and animals, and ...
- Wiley Online Library
... mutualisms are cases of facilitation), while leaving somewhat vague the exact definitions of phenomena that occur within and outside the area of overlap. Table 1 provides the examples of interactions that, according to the scheme I have adopted, would be considered mutualistic only, facilitative only ...
... mutualisms are cases of facilitation), while leaving somewhat vague the exact definitions of phenomena that occur within and outside the area of overlap. Table 1 provides the examples of interactions that, according to the scheme I have adopted, would be considered mutualistic only, facilitative only ...
mutualisms and facilitation
... mutualisms are cases of facilitation), while leaving somewhat vague the exact definitions of phenomena that occur within and outside the area of overlap. Table 1 provides the examples of interactions that, according to the scheme I have adopted, would be considered mutualistic only, facilitative only ...
... mutualisms are cases of facilitation), while leaving somewhat vague the exact definitions of phenomena that occur within and outside the area of overlap. Table 1 provides the examples of interactions that, according to the scheme I have adopted, would be considered mutualistic only, facilitative only ...
montane, heath and bog habitats - Cairngorms National Park Authority
... muirburn can have profound negative biodiversity implications on habitats and their associated species, e.g. inappropriate grazing levels changing moorland into species poor grassland as well as causing localised soil erosion. Localised and incremental damage to vegetation and soils from other landu ...
... muirburn can have profound negative biodiversity implications on habitats and their associated species, e.g. inappropriate grazing levels changing moorland into species poor grassland as well as causing localised soil erosion. Localised and incremental damage to vegetation and soils from other landu ...
Eco-evolutionary feedbacks in community and ecosystem ecology
... construction are the same factors that constrain adaptive evolution generally. These factors include genetic constraints, including a lack of genetic variation and low heritability in the traits under selection, and demographic or ecological constraints, such as the swamping effects of genetic drift ...
... construction are the same factors that constrain adaptive evolution generally. These factors include genetic constraints, including a lack of genetic variation and low heritability in the traits under selection, and demographic or ecological constraints, such as the swamping effects of genetic drift ...
The future of fisheries oceanography lies in the pursuit of multiple
... fishing and stock–recruitment relationship, and (4) adult trophic interactions. See Table 2 for a brief description of these hypotheses. The colours correspond to the main operating process of the hypothesis (Figure 2). To further develop the applied aspects of fisheries oceanography, the differences ...
... fishing and stock–recruitment relationship, and (4) adult trophic interactions. See Table 2 for a brief description of these hypotheses. The colours correspond to the main operating process of the hypothesis (Figure 2). To further develop the applied aspects of fisheries oceanography, the differences ...
Ecological niche of plant pathogens
... ecological niche of pathogens. The paper is a review of the knowledge accumulated during last decades in the niche theory of pathogens and proposes an ecological approach in research. It quest for new control methods in what concerns forest plant pathogens, with a special emphasis on fungi like orga ...
... ecological niche of pathogens. The paper is a review of the knowledge accumulated during last decades in the niche theory of pathogens and proposes an ecological approach in research. It quest for new control methods in what concerns forest plant pathogens, with a special emphasis on fungi like orga ...
A systems approach to biodiversity conservation planning
... perspective or context in which they use the term, and the conclusions are often extended, by implication, to another level of the hierarchy9. Such definitions do little to assist decision makers in developing effective conservation plans. Consequently, a broadened emerging definition – explicitly i ...
... perspective or context in which they use the term, and the conclusions are often extended, by implication, to another level of the hierarchy9. Such definitions do little to assist decision makers in developing effective conservation plans. Consequently, a broadened emerging definition – explicitly i ...
3. deep-sea ecosystems: pristine biodiversity reservoir and
... useful for photosynthesis does not reach below ~250 m depth) and high pressure (1 atmosphere every 10 m depth). This relatively uniform distribution of physical factors led to the belief that abyssal plains were very stable habitats where physical and biological processes remained unchanged over sho ...
... useful for photosynthesis does not reach below ~250 m depth) and high pressure (1 atmosphere every 10 m depth). This relatively uniform distribution of physical factors led to the belief that abyssal plains were very stable habitats where physical and biological processes remained unchanged over sho ...
community structure and abundance of tintinnids in the bay of
... The activities of tintinnids such as grazing or excretion are probably much less important than those of the naked oligotrich taxa in marine ecosystems, since they merely account for low proportion (<10% of cell numbers or biomass) of the ciliate community (Dolan and Marrase, 1995; Dolan, 2000). Fur ...
... The activities of tintinnids such as grazing or excretion are probably much less important than those of the naked oligotrich taxa in marine ecosystems, since they merely account for low proportion (<10% of cell numbers or biomass) of the ciliate community (Dolan and Marrase, 1995; Dolan, 2000). Fur ...
Biogeography
Biogeography is the study of the distribution of species and ecosystems in geographic space and through geological time. Organisms and biological communities often vary in a regular fashion along geographic gradients of latitude, elevation, isolation and habitat area. Phytogeography is the branch of biogeography that studies the distribution of plants. Zoogeography is the branch that studies distribution of animals.Knowledge of spatial variation in the numbers and types of organisms is as vital to us today as it was to our early human ancestors, as we adapt to heterogeneous but geographically predictable environments. Biogeography is an integrative field of inquiry that unites concepts and information from ecology, evolutionary biology, geology, and physical geography.Modern biogeographic research combines information and ideas from many fields, from the physiological and ecological constraints on organismal dispersal to geological and climatological phenomena operating at global spatial scales and evolutionary time frames.The short-term interactions within a habitat and species of organisms describe the ecological application of biogeography. Historical biogeography describes the long-term, evolutionary periods of time for broader classifications of organisms. Early scientists, beginning with Carl Linnaeus, contributed theories to the contributions of the development of biogeography as a science. Beginning in the mid-18th century, Europeans explored the world and discovered the biodiversity of life. Linnaeus initiated the ways to classify organisms through his exploration of undiscovered territories.The scientific theory of biogeography grows out of the work of Alexander von Humboldt (1769–1859), Hewett Cottrell Watson (1804–1881), Alphonse de Candolle (1806–1893), Alfred Russel Wallace (1823–1913), Philip Lutley Sclater (1829–1913) and other biologists and explorers.