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resulttv3f
resulttv3f

... epiphenomenal outcomes of more general processes in the computational system. Thus a defender of the classical view might well complain, “By introducing so-called constructional principles, you’re making an arbitrary addition to the theory of grammar. A true explanation of the resultative would make ...
1) Changing of an extended word-group into a simpler sense unit
1) Changing of an extended word-group into a simpler sense unit

... світогляд conception of a person's world/world outlook/one's creed. A great number of such and the like stylistically neutral words are given in any bilingual English-Ukrainian dictionary and never present any difficulty for the translator to check up their meaning. 2. A separate group of lexical un ...
LIFEPAC® 7th Grade Language Arts Unit 9 Worktext
LIFEPAC® 7th Grade Language Arts Unit 9 Worktext

... Can a single word or a phrase (as in the first two preceding examples) truly be considered ...
Computing point-of-view - MIT Media Lab
Computing point-of-view - MIT Media Lab

... idiosyncratic tendencies, always seeing a certain side to things. A point-of-view is easy. Every person is always operating under one or more points-of-view regardless of having reflexivity about it, because cognitive economy dictates that our knowledge and memories are always consolidated and syste ...
Diminutives and augmentatives in Beja (North-Cushitic) - Hal-SHS
Diminutives and augmentatives in Beja (North-Cushitic) - Hal-SHS

... device in Beja. This strategy concerns nouns, verbs and adjectives alike. This means that only those of these three word categories that have a trill can receive diminutive morphology. For nouns without a trill, the adjectives dabal or dis ‘small’ are used to indicate a size-related meaning. Augment ...
comprehension and recall of sentences
comprehension and recall of sentences

... assures better or more reliable comprehension than does simply reading a sentence. The first part of this hypothesis is tested in Exp. II. Regarding the second part, only plausible arguments can be marshalled alongside the generate-read recall difference. For example, it is a common experience that ...
The problem of Parts of the sentence
The problem of Parts of the sentence

... Run away! Go to the east! To think that he should be tortured so — her Frank! In the theory of English structure the term "sentence analysis" is open to more than one interpretation. Structural grammatical studies of some modern linguists have abandoned many of the commonly held views of syntax. Wit ...
Evolution of the Conception of Parts of Speech
Evolution of the Conception of Parts of Speech

... First of all, what needs to be considered is the fact that the concept of parts of speech is based on the concept of word. That seems unproblematic, but the reverse is true. It may seem surprising in view of all advances of modern linguistics, but there is no precise definition for “word.” Yes, ther ...
A FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF NONCANONICAL WORD ORDER
A FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF NONCANONICAL WORD ORDER

... Every Process functions as the pivotal element of a situation – the name for the unit at the level of meaning that is equivalent to the clause at the level of form. Moreover, the Process determines the number of Participants and their semantic roles. The salient participants can be one, two or three ...
A DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF THE SYNONYMOUS AND
A DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF THE SYNONYMOUS AND

... despair; instead, he takes pride in himself and in his accomplishments, and he values human relationships. [57, p. 23] The single verb reject functions as predicative. Reject is certainly an antonym for accept in the previous sentence. ...
Illustrating the prototype structures of parts of speech
Illustrating the prototype structures of parts of speech

... explored in a comprehensive manner. Gradience is a key characteristic of prototypes (Rosch 1978), and it is found for parts of speech in the continuum from object concepts to property concepts to action concepts. This gradience—and the semantic primitives that motivate the continuum—are explored ...
Empty categories and complex sentences: the case of wh
Empty categories and complex sentences: the case of wh

... In the case of adult grammars, linguists have access to judgments and intuitions to bolster the data from production and comprehension. In the case of child language, we have limited access to intuition, so our procedures for asking about the child's grammars must be "devious", to use an expression ...
Metaphor and Lexical Semantics
Metaphor and Lexical Semantics

... metaphor to distinguish it from other sorts of figures. In these sorts of cases, though, that is not too demanding. We see in (8) cases where the quantifying determiner (most or every) functions with its basic meaning intact. In (8a) the utterance is then interpreted as conveying the opposite of wha ...
Resolving polysemy in verbs - Laboratorio di Linguistica
Resolving polysemy in verbs - Laboratorio di Linguistica

... As a corpus analysis technique, CPA derives from the analysis of large corpora for lexicographic purposes, of the kind that was used for compiling the Cobuild dictionary (Sinclair & Hanks 1987). For each target word, a lexicographer groups similar contexts of occurrence together and gives a pattern ...
predication and equation in copular sentences: russian vs. english
predication and equation in copular sentences: russian vs. english

... one type, say the predicational, can be considered basic and the other types are to be derived from it ? If so, how are equative and specificational sentences to be derived from their predicational source in a compositional way ? English is a language in which, at least superficially, equative, pred ...
Least and greatest fixed points in Ludics, CSL 2015, Berlin.
Least and greatest fixed points in Ludics, CSL 2015, Berlin.

... 1⊕(A⊗(S ( S)) ` S ( S the concantenation function. More gen(µL ) L`S(S erally, it is hard to tell what such proofs compute, when two proofs compute the same function, etc. It requires to step back from the finite, syntactic proof system under consideration and to start considering its semantics; thi ...
carlson_chapter_12_final
carlson_chapter_12_final

... up this mess. When you finish, go to your bedroom and wait for me. I want to talk to you some more about how we’re going to pay for the window.” ...
start with the word “Although” start with a rhetorical question start
start with the word “Although” start with a rhetorical question start

... start with the word “One” start with the phrase “We had…” This sentence will… ...
Comma Notes
Comma Notes

... Comma, Nonrestrictive Phrases and Clauses Nonrestrictive phrases and clauses add an additional idea but do not substantially modify the meaning of a sentence. If they are were removed, the meaning of the sentence would not be altered. Use commas to set off nonrestrictive word groups from the remain ...
Language Acquisition Linking Parser Development to Acquisition of
Language Acquisition Linking Parser Development to Acquisition of

... in the last two decades (for reviews, see Poeppel & Omaki 2008; Sekerina, Fernández & Clahsen 2008). The development of such techniques has made it possible to investigate whether and how language processing mechanisms differ between adults and children. Second, studies on parser development have re ...
Semantic Roles of Adverbial Participial Clauses
Semantic Roles of Adverbial Participial Clauses

... is not employed to the same extent in absolutes). Therefore augmentation is most likely to accompany the absolutes expressing the weakest semantic relations: about 35 per cent of augmented absolutes cannot be assigned a role “more informative” than accompanying circumstance (ex. 21). [21] In this ca ...
WRITING DETAILS
WRITING DETAILS

... whalers from Japan and Russia, even though those countries are supposed to be in civilized circumstances, with all the advantages that are modern educational systems. All this is what has been known for quite some time, but a recent discovery is the artistic abilities of some whales. The reason we k ...
A Hoare Logic for Linear Systems - School of Electronic Engineering
A Hoare Logic for Linear Systems - School of Electronic Engineering

... be real-valued functions of time, i.e., members of the set V = T → R, where T is some set representing times; we obtain valuable algebraic structure by regarding V as a real vector space, scaling and adding functions pointwise: (af )(τ ) = a(f (τ )), (f + g)(τ ) = f (τ ) + g(τ ) for a ∈ R, τ ∈ T. Wh ...
Putting Pieces Together: Combining FrameNet, VerbNet
Putting Pieces Together: Combining FrameNet, VerbNet

... identical word forms among VerbNet verb entries and FrameNet lexical units, and (2) ensuring that these verbs share a common meaning, by checking the intersection of their corresponding sense lists. For the first verb set, consisting of VerbNet entries that have a direct counterpart in FrameNet, we l ...
To Moderately Split an Infinitive
To Moderately Split an Infinitive

... anti-split-infinitive alliance vehemently opposes this sentence structure, often citing its use as barbaric and juvenile. Writers who support, or at least don’t combat, the split infinitive don’t seem to be as strongly opinionated on the subject. This could be because one of the first grammar rules ...
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Cognitive semantics

Cognitive semantics is part of the cognitive linguistics movement. Semantics is the study of meaning. Cognitive semantics holds that language is part of a more general human cognitive ability, and can therefore only describe the world as it is organised within people's conceptual spaces. It is implicit that there is some difference between this conceptual world and the real world. The main tenets of cognitive semantics are: That grammar is a way of expressing the speaker's concept of the world; That knowledge of language is acquired and contextual; That the ability to use language draws upon general cognitive resources and not a special language module.As part of the field of cognitive linguistics, the cognitive semantics approach rejects the traditional separation of linguistics into phonology, syntax, pragmatics, etc. Instead, it divides semantics into meaning-construction and knowledge representation. Therefore, cognitive semantics studies much of the area traditionally devoted to pragmatics as well as semantics. The techniques native to cognitive semantics are typically used in lexical studies such as those put forth by Leonard Talmy, George Lakoff, Dirk Geeraerts, and Bruce Wayne Hawkins. Some cognitive semantic frameworks, such as that developed by Talmy, take into account syntactic structures as well.
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