Towards a Semantics of X-Bar Theory
... The suggestion that the head determines the grammatical type of an expression can only be maintained through a circular argument that the head is necessarily of the same type as the embedding expression whenever a difference in type is apparent. Consider The running of the bulls The injured were tak ...
... The suggestion that the head determines the grammatical type of an expression can only be maintained through a circular argument that the head is necessarily of the same type as the embedding expression whenever a difference in type is apparent. Consider The running of the bulls The injured were tak ...
Fundamentals of Knowledge Organization1
... training, disciplines and social groups while intellectual organization is related to concepts and theories in the fields to be organized. (4) The social perspective includes in addition the systems of genres and documents as well as the social system of knowledge producers, knowledge intermediaries ...
... training, disciplines and social groups while intellectual organization is related to concepts and theories in the fields to be organized. (4) The social perspective includes in addition the systems of genres and documents as well as the social system of knowledge producers, knowledge intermediaries ...
Jurnal Bahasa dan Budaya
... are: (1) Structure shift is the changing of words sequence in a sentence, (2) Class shift occurs when the translation equivalent of a SL item is the member of a different class from the original item, (3) Unit shift is the changes of rank; that is, departure from formal correspondence in which the t ...
... are: (1) Structure shift is the changing of words sequence in a sentence, (2) Class shift occurs when the translation equivalent of a SL item is the member of a different class from the original item, (3) Unit shift is the changes of rank; that is, departure from formal correspondence in which the t ...
Context and Binding in Japanese. By MASAYO IIDA. Stanford: CSLI
... Iida begins the book, after a brief introductory chapter, by first giving a thorough review of previous studies in Ch. 2, where she reviews both syntactic and pragmatic approaches. In evaluating previous studies, she makes a distinction as to whether the syntactic and the pragmatic conditions are to ...
... Iida begins the book, after a brief introductory chapter, by first giving a thorough review of previous studies in Ch. 2, where she reviews both syntactic and pragmatic approaches. In evaluating previous studies, she makes a distinction as to whether the syntactic and the pragmatic conditions are to ...
CHAI`TERJ THE ANALYSIS OF AMBIGUITY FOU:W IN HEADLINES
... The real meaning of the headline is the first one, playing great It is because the illuslration is a man jumping vcq high indicating he's playing great. Playing not ordinary does not always playing great In this headline, the real meaning is by using this ...
... The real meaning of the headline is the first one, playing great It is because the illuslration is a man jumping vcq high indicating he's playing great. Playing not ordinary does not always playing great In this headline, the real meaning is by using this ...
Making Sense of Nonce Sense
... referents are not denumerable. He can be used to refer to any of an indefinitely large number of males, past, present, and future, real and imaginary. These males cannot be listed, even in theory, since someone can always imagine another male and refer to it with he. Let me call this property nonden ...
... referents are not denumerable. He can be used to refer to any of an indefinitely large number of males, past, present, and future, real and imaginary. These males cannot be listed, even in theory, since someone can always imagine another male and refer to it with he. Let me call this property nonden ...
Independent and Dependent Clauses
... 1. Use a period It’s a beautiful day. Let’s go outside! 2. Use a semicolon It’s a beautiful day; let’s go outside! 3. Use a comma + coordinating conjunction It’s a beautiful day, so let’s go outside! 4. Use a subordinating conjunction (to make an independent clause dependent) Because it’s a beautifu ...
... 1. Use a period It’s a beautiful day. Let’s go outside! 2. Use a semicolon It’s a beautiful day; let’s go outside! 3. Use a comma + coordinating conjunction It’s a beautiful day, so let’s go outside! 4. Use a subordinating conjunction (to make an independent clause dependent) Because it’s a beautifu ...
24. Bloomsbury Dictionary of New Words. M. 1996 стр.276-278
... the same word, not synonymous with the group, i. e. ‘feel pain’. Sustain as an element of this group differs from both in shade of meaning and style. It is an official word and it suggests undergoing affliction without giving way. A further illustration will be supplied by a group of synonymous noun ...
... the same word, not synonymous with the group, i. e. ‘feel pain’. Sustain as an element of this group differs from both in shade of meaning and style. It is an official word and it suggests undergoing affliction without giving way. A further illustration will be supplied by a group of synonymous noun ...
Complete Sentences
... Dependent clause (Subordinate clause) Cannot stand alone as a sentence Must be joined to an independent clause Because he wanted to make his own ...
... Dependent clause (Subordinate clause) Cannot stand alone as a sentence Must be joined to an independent clause Because he wanted to make his own ...
Lecture - 04 (Logic Knowledge Base)
... Entailment and Proof • To clarify the difference between entailment and proof: • Entailment: if we have a set of formulae which are true, then as a logical consequence of this, some partic ...
... Entailment and Proof • To clarify the difference between entailment and proof: • Entailment: if we have a set of formulae which are true, then as a logical consequence of this, some partic ...
Automatic acquisition of semantic-based question reformulations for
... pattern over the above major factors; these weights are defined to have values between 0 and 1. More formally, let Pi be the ith pattern of the pattern set P extracted for a question-answer pair; we compute each factor as the following: count(Pi ) is the number of times pattern Pi was extracted for ...
... pattern over the above major factors; these weights are defined to have values between 0 and 1. More formally, let Pi be the ith pattern of the pattern set P extracted for a question-answer pair; we compute each factor as the following: count(Pi ) is the number of times pattern Pi was extracted for ...
Bare nominals and incorporating verbs in Spanish and Catalan
... lexical rule that generates the class of verbs that productively accept BN objects, plus a composition rule that treats the BN as modifier of the verb. We point out the advantages of this analysis over three other well-known semantic analyses for combining verbs with property-type nominals. Finally, ...
... lexical rule that generates the class of verbs that productively accept BN objects, plus a composition rule that treats the BN as modifier of the verb. We point out the advantages of this analysis over three other well-known semantic analyses for combining verbs with property-type nominals. Finally, ...
Syntactic structure and ambiguity in English
... economies. However, only the parent class appears in this column of the analysis output. For example, although the rule (4X, mmm) accounts for "increase" as "nou", it is "nou" which appears as SWC in Fig. 5. The data in the "SYNTACTIC ROLE" column of Fig. 5 give a rough idea of the role of each word ...
... economies. However, only the parent class appears in this column of the analysis output. For example, although the rule (4X, mmm) accounts for "increase" as "nou", it is "nou" which appears as SWC in Fig. 5. The data in the "SYNTACTIC ROLE" column of Fig. 5 give a rough idea of the role of each word ...
Morpho-Semantics of the Progressive
... (1995) amongst others, the nature of the difference between states and events is far from being a settled matter. Rothstein (1999) argues that the semantic representations of all verbs (stative or not) include reference to events, and that all be + predicate adjective constructions include reference ...
... (1995) amongst others, the nature of the difference between states and events is far from being a settled matter. Rothstein (1999) argues that the semantic representations of all verbs (stative or not) include reference to events, and that all be + predicate adjective constructions include reference ...
contents - Ziyonet.uz
... two sentences: (1) But why did you leave England? (GALSWORTHY) and (2) There are to-day more people writing extremely well, in all departments o f life, than ever before; what we have to do is to sharpen our judgement and pick these out from the still larger number who write extremely badly. (CRUMP) ...
... two sentences: (1) But why did you leave England? (GALSWORTHY) and (2) There are to-day more people writing extremely well, in all departments o f life, than ever before; what we have to do is to sharpen our judgement and pick these out from the still larger number who write extremely badly. (CRUMP) ...
Participles, gerunds and syntactic categories
... non-X0 theoretic structures are admitted in LFG, but assuming that non-endocentric structures are a marked feature of grammar, it does suggest that mixed categories should be admitted only where an alternative, X0 theoretic, analysis cannot adequately account for the linguistic data. ...
... non-X0 theoretic structures are admitted in LFG, but assuming that non-endocentric structures are a marked feature of grammar, it does suggest that mixed categories should be admitted only where an alternative, X0 theoretic, analysis cannot adequately account for the linguistic data. ...
Linguistic Modeling for Multilingual Machine Translation
... such systems Asource is mapped to Atarget and Bsource to Btarget , but if Atarget and Btarget do not go together in the TL, the system will generate illegal output or fail. The process of translation, however, necessarily checks that the target structure makes the same distinctions (i.e. has the sam ...
... such systems Asource is mapped to Atarget and Bsource to Btarget , but if Atarget and Btarget do not go together in the TL, the system will generate illegal output or fail. The process of translation, however, necessarily checks that the target structure makes the same distinctions (i.e. has the sam ...
Implicit arguments in situation semantics
... This reconstruction involves taking elements like GO, not as components or " a t o m s " in the lexical decomposition of verb meanings, but rather as constitutents of what might be called thematic situation types - eventtypes which capture a broad level of uniformities shared by certain kinds of eve ...
... This reconstruction involves taking elements like GO, not as components or " a t o m s " in the lexical decomposition of verb meanings, but rather as constitutents of what might be called thematic situation types - eventtypes which capture a broad level of uniformities shared by certain kinds of eve ...
DLOLIS-A: Description Logic based Text Ontology Learning
... independent from this problem since anaphora resolvers are used only as plug-ins by current Ontology Learning tools. POS Taggers are perhaps the most important plug-in for any axiomatic Ontology Learning tool. This is because such tools heavily depend on linguistic rules that can be applied correctl ...
... independent from this problem since anaphora resolvers are used only as plug-ins by current Ontology Learning tools. POS Taggers are perhaps the most important plug-in for any axiomatic Ontology Learning tool. This is because such tools heavily depend on linguistic rules that can be applied correctl ...
Journal of Language Modelling 1
... Wikipedia project with its 900,000 articles. We use the dump containing all Polish articles of the current release available at the beginning of 2011. The data extraction process described in Section 3.1.1 may be iteratively repeated using a newer Wikipedia dump release in order to add new entries t ...
... Wikipedia project with its 900,000 articles. We use the dump containing all Polish articles of the current release available at the beginning of 2011. The data extraction process described in Section 3.1.1 may be iteratively repeated using a newer Wikipedia dump release in order to add new entries t ...
Contribution of a `comprehensive analysis` of human cognitive
... four disciplines. We are leaving an era characterised by, on the one hand, muscular energy, or humans as "human motors", and on the other, a formal study of cognition, or humans as "human computers". After the disappointments of traditional artificial intelligence, a new approach to human cognition ...
... four disciplines. We are leaving an era characterised by, on the one hand, muscular energy, or humans as "human motors", and on the other, a formal study of cognition, or humans as "human computers". After the disappointments of traditional artificial intelligence, a new approach to human cognition ...
CHAPTER 7 GENERAL PROOF SYSTEMS 1 Introduction
... Proof systems are built to prove statements. They can be thought as an inference machine with special statements, called provable statements, or sometimes theorems being its final products. The starting points are called axioms of the system. We distinguish two kinds of axioms: logical LA and specif ...
... Proof systems are built to prove statements. They can be thought as an inference machine with special statements, called provable statements, or sometimes theorems being its final products. The starting points are called axioms of the system. We distinguish two kinds of axioms: logical LA and specif ...
Question and Answering System based on Predicate
... that is, keywords techniques. These systems cannot capture semantics in questions, such as relations between words. Our system is based mainly on matching of predicate-argument structures. A predicateargument structure describes what kinds of nouns a verb is related to. Since this is a unit of an ev ...
... that is, keywords techniques. These systems cannot capture semantics in questions, such as relations between words. Our system is based mainly on matching of predicate-argument structures. A predicateargument structure describes what kinds of nouns a verb is related to. Since this is a unit of an ev ...
Cumulativity and Countability in Karitiana Verbs* Luciana Sanchez
... The sentences with intransitive verbs are in a copular construction. Storto 2009 proposes that copular sentences are bi-clausal structures in Karitiana in which the copula verb aka selects a nominalized small-clause as its complement. These sentences are understood as raising sentences in which the ...
... The sentences with intransitive verbs are in a copular construction. Storto 2009 proposes that copular sentences are bi-clausal structures in Karitiana in which the copula verb aka selects a nominalized small-clause as its complement. These sentences are understood as raising sentences in which the ...