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HPSG, SBCG, and FCG - German Grammar Group FU Berlin
HPSG, SBCG, and FCG - German Grammar Group FU Berlin

... 3 Argument Structure Constructions: phrasal vs. lexical Fluid Construction Grammar assumes a phrasal approach to argument structure, that is, it is assumed that lexical items enter into phrasal configurations that contribute independent meaning (van Trijp, 2011). The FCG approach is one version of i ...
Grace Theological Journal 11
Grace Theological Journal 11

... naturally break this text into four short, distinct phrases. Indeed, in this instance the brief, hurried line structure enhances Isaiah's description of these swift, relentless destroyers. As we shall see, this is not the only place where Isaiah uses form to enhance his meaning. With this example we ...
C98-1061 - Association for Computational Linguistics
C98-1061 - Association for Computational Linguistics

... in the resolution of an anaphor will be determined by the kind of anaphor itself. For pronominal references will be considered the antecedents in the same sentence or in the previous sentence if it is in the same paragraph, unlike to one-anaphora which have more lexical information, so we will consi ...
Coordination of Unlikes without Unlike Categories
Coordination of Unlikes without Unlike Categories

... which necessarily requires extending the formalism with very complex machinery specifically designed for this purpose. Cho (1996, 55) argues that HPSG should be extended with a something like a lambda calculus backbone, but this idea is not made precise. Mixing the two formalisms, HPSG’s and lambda ...
the quatrain in isaianic poetry
the quatrain in isaianic poetry

... understanding these lines as a couplet. First, long lines (i.e., lines with four or more units) without a caesura are relatively uncommon in Isaiah (see footnote 12 above). That is, Isaiah tends to use shorter three or two unit lines. ls Secondly there are clear grammatical caesuras that naturally b ...
теоретической - List English
теоретической - List English

... In accordance with its etymology, syntax is by some grammarians regarded entirely from this latter point of view, so that it is by them identified with the analysis of sentences, the meaning of grammatical forms being included under accidence. Thus the peculiar meaning of the plural inflection in su ...
John Nolt – Logics, chp 11-12
John Nolt – Logics, chp 11-12

... but I would still be the same person—namely, me. These ideas are reflected in the model introduced above. Object (3, for example, exists in w1 and w2. It therefore exhibits transworld identity. Moreover, it is in the extension of the predicate 'B' in wx, but not in w2. Thus, though it is the same ob ...
unlLTC09
unlLTC09

... probabilistic parser to get the typed dependency tree and the phrase structure tree for a given English sentence. The system then converts dependency relations into UNL relations and attributes based on the POS tags of the words involved in the relation, and their semantic attributes obtained from t ...
Varied Sentence Structure Activities with answer key
Varied Sentence Structure Activities with answer key

... B. Because your eyes are so important that you must take care of them. C. Because your eyes are so important, and you must take care of them. D. Because your eyes are so important, then you must take care of them. ...
15_chapter 5
15_chapter 5

... denote free or fixed word orderness. In fixed word order languages, the position gives us some important information regarding the structure of the sentences. For example, while scanning an English sentence, if we find “a/an/the” the next word must be a noun word. This type of prediction reduces the co ...
Te Quest for Cognates: A Reconstruction of Oblique Subject
Te Quest for Cognates: A Reconstruction of Oblique Subject

... like is related to Old Norse-Icelandic leika ‘to play,’ from PIE *leig- ‘to leap,’ which then means that ‘like’ and ‘be like somebody’ are two seemingly unrelated etymons. Concurring with these authors, we find it likely that both verbs, ‘be like’ and ‘like,’ might have developed independently of eac ...
Parallel Structure #1: Lists
Parallel Structure #1: Lists

... Parallel structure (or parallelism) is the rule that words or phrases in a series should be in the same from. Correct parallel structure is important because it makes a sentence easier to read and understand by allowing thoughts to flow more smoothly for the reader. Specifically, series occur in sen ...
Valence Creation and the German Applicative
Valence Creation and the German Applicative

... 'sniff [e.g. a flower]/sniff thoroughly'; sprechentiber/besprechen'talk about/ discuss'; and weinen um/beweinen 'cry about/mourn [e.g. a death]'. However, the broader alternation-based model would not, for example, extend to bivalent applicative verbs with monovalent base forms (e.g. bedudeln). The ...
Fulltext: english,
Fulltext: english,

... In the discussion of depictives, the semantic distinction between a depictive secondary predicate and an adverbial has been broadly discussed. The reason is that there are many constructions with a depictive reading that can be interpreted with an event-related meaning as well. This has been often c ...
Elimination of lexical ambiguities by grammars - Accueil HAL-ENPC
Elimination of lexical ambiguities by grammars - Accueil HAL-ENPC

... The boxes with "!" and "=" are delimitors which are used to recognize the structure of the rules. All other boxes contain linguistic elements that are searched in input sentences when rules are applied to text. The left and right "!" and "=" are present to make the rule more readable. The central "! ...
Lingua - ScienceDirect
Lingua - ScienceDirect

... This notion of incremental interpretation will be of crucial importance for the discussion of Minimality as a strategy of incremental processing. It also constitutes a basic architectural assumption of the eADM, which will be introduced briefly in the next section. 2.2. Basic architectural assumptio ...
Copernicus Project 621
Copernicus Project 621

... The boxes with "!" and "=" are delimitors which are used to recognize the structure of the rules. All other boxes contain linguistic elements that are searched in input sentences when rules are applied to text. The left and right "!" and "=" are present to make the rule more readable. The central "! ...
PROCESSING COMPLEX SENTENCES FOR INFORMATION
PROCESSING COMPLEX SENTENCES FOR INFORMATION

... to identify the documents that satisfy the search constraints. The boolean query methodology is followed by literature search interfaces like PubMed. The keyword retrieval, while simple, returns a large number of documents. Since the retrieval is purely based on keyword matching, there is a high cha ...
ZASPiL Nr. 36 - December 2004 Blocking Resultative
ZASPiL Nr. 36 - December 2004 Blocking Resultative

... syntactic structures and to generate them starting from the communicative sense. The important property of Gricean contexts is the organisation of inferential resources which reflects both the speaker’s and the hearer’s perspectives on the recoverability of the communicative sense. One major princip ...
Morphological phrasemes and Totonacan verbal morphology*
Morphological phrasemes and Totonacan verbal morphology*

... terminology to bear on the Totonacan data that initially drew our attention to this problem. Finally, in Section 4 we consider some of the implications of our findings for morphological phraseology and for linguistics in general. 2. Phraseologization and phrasemes One of the central properties of n ...
12. Infinitive Phrase Practice
12. Infinitive Phrase Practice

... Mark It Up: Underline the infinitive phrase. Put [brackets] around the infinitive. Using the above abbreviations, identify its function within the sentence. “It is indeed a special day when a caterpillar comes all the way from the Valley of Mushrooms [to partake] in the celebration,” Bibwit Harte mu ...
Biological Level of Analysis
Biological Level of Analysis

... which has investigated schema theory Describe one research study which has investigated schema theory Outline and evaluate with studies ...
Contextually-Dependent Lexical Semantics
Contextually-Dependent Lexical Semantics

... What emerges very clearly from the recent work on the interface between lexical and nonlexical semantic information is that polysemy is not a single, monolithic phenomenon. Rather, it is the result of both compositional operations in the semantics [...] and of contextual effects, such as the structu ...
1. Introduction 1 2. Three Major Types of Actants
1. Introduction 1 2. Three Major Types of Actants

... • First, to emphasize the parallelism between all three types of actants. I want the same term on all levels of representation, and it is preferable to speak of semantic and syntactic actants rather than semantic and syntactic participants/arguments/terms/complements. • Second, to avoid the inflated ...
full text
full text

... by saying that he is not happy”. When we say someone is unhappy, what it means is that he or she is in a mental state contrary to being happy. Thus affirming someone is unhappy will not always be equivalent to denying the person is happy. In this way, an un- adjective (e.g. unhappy) and its unprefix ...
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Cognitive semantics

Cognitive semantics is part of the cognitive linguistics movement. Semantics is the study of meaning. Cognitive semantics holds that language is part of a more general human cognitive ability, and can therefore only describe the world as it is organised within people's conceptual spaces. It is implicit that there is some difference between this conceptual world and the real world. The main tenets of cognitive semantics are: That grammar is a way of expressing the speaker's concept of the world; That knowledge of language is acquired and contextual; That the ability to use language draws upon general cognitive resources and not a special language module.As part of the field of cognitive linguistics, the cognitive semantics approach rejects the traditional separation of linguistics into phonology, syntax, pragmatics, etc. Instead, it divides semantics into meaning-construction and knowledge representation. Therefore, cognitive semantics studies much of the area traditionally devoted to pragmatics as well as semantics. The techniques native to cognitive semantics are typically used in lexical studies such as those put forth by Leonard Talmy, George Lakoff, Dirk Geeraerts, and Bruce Wayne Hawkins. Some cognitive semantic frameworks, such as that developed by Talmy, take into account syntactic structures as well.
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