Commas - RISD Writing Center
... Commas DON’T set off restrictive clauses. — A restrictive clause gives essential information about the noun it describes, making it necessary to the sentence. — Restrictive clauses begin with a relative pronoun such as that, which, who, whom, or whose. ...
... Commas DON’T set off restrictive clauses. — A restrictive clause gives essential information about the noun it describes, making it necessary to the sentence. — Restrictive clauses begin with a relative pronoun such as that, which, who, whom, or whose. ...
çukurova university institute of social sciences department of english
... variations across languages. By investigating such linguistic characteristics of languages, researchers try to shed light on how languages are learned and how languages can be taught. Early SLA studies within a generative framework were held around whether learners have access to UG or not. As hypot ...
... variations across languages. By investigating such linguistic characteristics of languages, researchers try to shed light on how languages are learned and how languages can be taught. Early SLA studies within a generative framework were held around whether learners have access to UG or not. As hypot ...
Variety of the Structure of Some Significant Non
... This study sets out to conduct a detailed analysis of an important aspect of English grammar: the structure of nonkernel clauses. The paper presents a selective variety of the structure of some significant non-kernel clauses. It is required to briefly define the term itself in contrast to the basic ...
... This study sets out to conduct a detailed analysis of an important aspect of English grammar: the structure of nonkernel clauses. The paper presents a selective variety of the structure of some significant non-kernel clauses. It is required to briefly define the term itself in contrast to the basic ...
Comma Rules and Uses - RISD Writing Center
... Commas DON’T set off restrictive clauses. - A restrictive clause gives essential information about the noun it describes, making it necessary to the sentence. - Restrictive clauses begin with a relative pronoun such as that, which, who, whom, or whose. ...
... Commas DON’T set off restrictive clauses. - A restrictive clause gives essential information about the noun it describes, making it necessary to the sentence. - Restrictive clauses begin with a relative pronoun such as that, which, who, whom, or whose. ...
Prepositional Phrase Attachment and Interlingua
... without resolving the prepositional phrase (PP) attachment. There are two fundamental questions related to this problem: (1) Given a sentence containing the frame [V-NP1-P- NP2] does NP2 attach to V or to NP1? (2) What should be the semantic relation that links the PP with the rest of the concept gr ...
... without resolving the prepositional phrase (PP) attachment. There are two fundamental questions related to this problem: (1) Given a sentence containing the frame [V-NP1-P- NP2] does NP2 attach to V or to NP1? (2) What should be the semantic relation that links the PP with the rest of the concept gr ...
1 Deriving the Complementarity Effect: Relativized Minimality in
... advantage of being rather minimal: very little needs to be said beyond the cross-linguistically familiar fact that weak pronouns but not full DPs can be affixal. The impossibility of agreement morphology tracking an overt DP follows from the Theta Criterion, which disallows a pronoun to co-occur cla ...
... advantage of being rather minimal: very little needs to be said beyond the cross-linguistically familiar fact that weak pronouns but not full DPs can be affixal. The impossibility of agreement morphology tracking an overt DP follows from the Theta Criterion, which disallows a pronoun to co-occur cla ...
The Quick Guide to Commas
... clause will never require a defense, but its omission most likely will. Remember that adverbial dependent clauses begin with subordinating conjunctions, the most common of which are because, although, though, even though, if, unless, after, as, before, while, when, whenever, since, and until. The fo ...
... clause will never require a defense, but its omission most likely will. Remember that adverbial dependent clauses begin with subordinating conjunctions, the most common of which are because, although, though, even though, if, unless, after, as, before, while, when, whenever, since, and until. The fo ...
Chapter 2: Linguistic Background
... He was so angry, but he didn’t show it. Pronouns do not take any modifiers except in rare forms, as in the sentence "He who hesitates is lost". Another basic form of noun phrase consists of a name or proper noun, such as John or Rochester. These nouns appear in capitalized form in carefully written ...
... He was so angry, but he didn’t show it. Pronouns do not take any modifiers except in rare forms, as in the sentence "He who hesitates is lost". Another basic form of noun phrase consists of a name or proper noun, such as John or Rochester. These nouns appear in capitalized form in carefully written ...
Open Access - Biblio UGent
... object structures. Broekhuis and Cornips (1994) then do not assume an agreement phrase but a full verbal predicate to connect the Possessor and Possessee. The Possessor in both the HAVE- and the BE-sentences is analyzed as a dative IO introduced by a verbal head; the Possessee is the complement of ...
... object structures. Broekhuis and Cornips (1994) then do not assume an agreement phrase but a full verbal predicate to connect the Possessor and Possessee. The Possessor in both the HAVE- and the BE-sentences is analyzed as a dative IO introduced by a verbal head; the Possessee is the complement of ...
Focus in Bantu
... Kongo and Swahili reduplicate the verb, Kongo also involves infinitive fronting (verb focus). The Vunjo example involves clefting. The Ganda example involves the presence/absence of the nominal preprefix and a tonal difference. Other tone contrasts can be seen in (3) and tone is taken up again in se ...
... Kongo and Swahili reduplicate the verb, Kongo also involves infinitive fronting (verb focus). The Vunjo example involves clefting. The Ganda example involves the presence/absence of the nominal preprefix and a tonal difference. Other tone contrasts can be seen in (3) and tone is taken up again in se ...
Exo-skeletal vs. endo-skeletal explanations
... item with fully articulated lexico-semantics, syntactic and morphological properties. Such properties include not just argument structure, but also syntactic category, syntactic projection environment, and morphological information. I will refer to such approaches as endo-skeletal, focusing, as they ...
... item with fully articulated lexico-semantics, syntactic and morphological properties. Such properties include not just argument structure, but also syntactic category, syntactic projection environment, and morphological information. I will refer to such approaches as endo-skeletal, focusing, as they ...
Automatic Distillation of Musical Structures: Learning the Grammar of Music
... into such a format. When compared to natural language, music representation poses several difficulties – musical data is continuous, and may be played in multiple metres and scales. In addition, more than several notes can be played simultaneously, as opposed to language where a single word is spoke ...
... into such a format. When compared to natural language, music representation poses several difficulties – musical data is continuous, and may be played in multiple metres and scales. In addition, more than several notes can be played simultaneously, as opposed to language where a single word is spoke ...
Anaphora Resolution for Question Answering
... literature shows a wide variety of approaches to solving this problem. Miktov [27] provides an excellent overview of the state of the art in anaphora resolution, parts of which I summarize briefly in this section. ...
... literature shows a wide variety of approaches to solving this problem. Miktov [27] provides an excellent overview of the state of the art in anaphora resolution, parts of which I summarize briefly in this section. ...
Learning Punctuation Through Pattern Recognition
... The dependent clause modifies areas, not fundus, and so is misplaced; thus, the comma before which. The sentence could be recast as follows: There were some minor areas which were consistent with but not diagnostic of filmy synechiae in the lower cervix and lower fundus. Placed after the noun being ...
... The dependent clause modifies areas, not fundus, and so is misplaced; thus, the comma before which. The sentence could be recast as follows: There were some minor areas which were consistent with but not diagnostic of filmy synechiae in the lower cervix and lower fundus. Placed after the noun being ...
Syntax: a minimalist introduction
... know ledge of traditional gram m atical terms like subject, case, agree ment, etc., and then go on to introduce new tongue-twisting terms and conceptually constipated constructs on every page: if y o u ’re like me, by the time you reach page 742, yo u ’ve forgotten w hat exactly the new term introd ...
... know ledge of traditional gram m atical terms like subject, case, agree ment, etc., and then go on to introduce new tongue-twisting terms and conceptually constipated constructs on every page: if y o u ’re like me, by the time you reach page 742, yo u ’ve forgotten w hat exactly the new term introd ...
Effective Writing
... “Of course! You think I’d lie?” (Of course I am sure! Do you think that I would lie?) Now here’s the sentence again: “(4) Nothing matters as much as emotion (matters).” There are two clauses since there are two subjectpredicate combinations. What are the two clauses? Well, the first one is simply “ ...
... “Of course! You think I’d lie?” (Of course I am sure! Do you think that I would lie?) Now here’s the sentence again: “(4) Nothing matters as much as emotion (matters).” There are two clauses since there are two subjectpredicate combinations. What are the two clauses? Well, the first one is simply “ ...
Understanding Natural Language - Department of Information and
... Section 1.4 also describes a new parsing system, designed for use with systemic grammar in this program, The parser is an interpreter which accepts recognition grammars written in a procedural form. The formalism is a language called PROGRAMMAR, which has as its primitive operations those processes ...
... Section 1.4 also describes a new parsing system, designed for use with systemic grammar in this program, The parser is an interpreter which accepts recognition grammars written in a procedural form. The formalism is a language called PROGRAMMAR, which has as its primitive operations those processes ...
Grammatical Relations in Chinese: Synchronic and Diachronic
... core that is the vestige of the parent language. As the languages developed, often diverging from each other typologically, they carried this core with them, and this influenced the types of grammaticalizations that could occur in those languages. We find for example that, except for some languages ...
... core that is the vestige of the parent language. As the languages developed, often diverging from each other typologically, they carried this core with them, and this influenced the types of grammaticalizations that could occur in those languages. We find for example that, except for some languages ...
Grammar Reveiw
... In order to know a dependent from an independent clause, you should know the common subordinating conjunctions. Memorize them so you know them when you see them. When you see one, it should trigger in your mind that a dependent clause follows. after how though whether although if unless which as in ...
... In order to know a dependent from an independent clause, you should know the common subordinating conjunctions. Memorize them so you know them when you see them. When you see one, it should trigger in your mind that a dependent clause follows. after how though whether although if unless which as in ...
2 : 1 March 2002
... Since 'Case Grammar' is most touched topic by information scientists, that is also discussed. Important grammatical categories are introduced here. 0.6.3. Chapter Three: Compatibility of NL and IL The third chapter looks into the compatibility of NL and IL. Here the structure of IL and Indian langu ...
... Since 'Case Grammar' is most touched topic by information scientists, that is also discussed. Important grammatical categories are introduced here. 0.6.3. Chapter Three: Compatibility of NL and IL The third chapter looks into the compatibility of NL and IL. Here the structure of IL and Indian langu ...
Derivations and Complexity Filters
... derived by head movement, but must be derived by (remnant) phrasal movement. K&Sz furthermore establish that Hungaria n surface strings like (1b) do not correspond to a base generated order either. Intermediate infinitives can be topicalized, a phrasal property, without their complements. If interme ...
... derived by head movement, but must be derived by (remnant) phrasal movement. K&Sz furthermore establish that Hungaria n surface strings like (1b) do not correspond to a base generated order either. Intermediate infinitives can be topicalized, a phrasal property, without their complements. If interme ...
Participle Phrases
... Wanting only peace and quiet, you expect the subject that follows to be a person or animal, something capable of wanting peace and quiet. If instead, I continue . . . the bus roared down the street, you will be momentarily confused. The sentence syntax is not working the way that the language-unders ...
... Wanting only peace and quiet, you expect the subject that follows to be a person or animal, something capable of wanting peace and quiet. If instead, I continue . . . the bus roared down the street, you will be momentarily confused. The sentence syntax is not working the way that the language-unders ...
Chapter 3 Sentence Structure: Predicates Rule
... confidence that this will be more helpful than showing you a bunch of big, long, complicated sentences that only have one apparent thing in common: being Cebuano. In a simple sentence you can see a pattern that you can learn and then apply to analyzing “deep Cebuano”. In a complicated sentence, if y ...
... confidence that this will be more helpful than showing you a bunch of big, long, complicated sentences that only have one apparent thing in common: being Cebuano. In a simple sentence you can see a pattern that you can learn and then apply to analyzing “deep Cebuano”. In a complicated sentence, if y ...
Working paper Reference - Archive ouverte UNIGE
... incorporated heads, Incorporation in Romance can only take place once the clitic qua XP, has moved out of its base position, in particular to a position immediately governed by the highest verb in the clause. Semitic clitics cannot avail themselves of this possibility. This would in tuen lead one to ...
... incorporated heads, Incorporation in Romance can only take place once the clitic qua XP, has moved out of its base position, in particular to a position immediately governed by the highest verb in the clause. Semitic clitics cannot avail themselves of this possibility. This would in tuen lead one to ...
1. I know an old lady who swallowed a fly
... (and the fact that it is common to find structures embedded within other structures) Tape-recorded squawks of a seagull in distress have enabled water authorities in Strathclyde to cleanse two reservoirs at Milngavie, near Glasgow, ...
... (and the fact that it is common to find structures embedded within other structures) Tape-recorded squawks of a seagull in distress have enabled water authorities in Strathclyde to cleanse two reservoirs at Milngavie, near Glasgow, ...
Antisymmetry
In linguistics, antisymmetry is a theory of syntactic linearization presented in Richard Kayne's 1994 monograph The Antisymmetry of Syntax. The crux of this theory is that hierarchical structure in natural language maps universally onto a particular surface linearization, namely specifier-head-complement branching order. The theory derives a version of X-bar theory. Kayne hypothesizes that all phrases whose surface order is not specifier-head-complement have undergone movements that disrupt this underlying order. Subsequently, there have also been attempts at deriving specifier-complement-head as the basic word order.Antisymmetry as a principle of word order is reliant on assumptions that many theories of syntax dispute, e.g. constituency structure (as opposed to dependency structure), X-bar notions such as specifier and complement, and the existence of ordering altering mechanisms such as movement and/or copying.