Metaphor and subjective experience
... situations presented by Zlatev, Blomberg & David (2010). What we are presenting here is not a “conceptual analysis” based on the analysis of language, but an eidetic analysis in the sense of Husserl (1981 [1913]), and one that we would claim to be in principle independent of language. By this, we me ...
... situations presented by Zlatev, Blomberg & David (2010). What we are presenting here is not a “conceptual analysis” based on the analysis of language, but an eidetic analysis in the sense of Husserl (1981 [1913]), and one that we would claim to be in principle independent of language. By this, we me ...
Conjunctions as Heads
... criteria for determining head-status, and concludes that the criteria do not consistently point to one and the same head in a syntactic construction. Hudson, however, re-examines the criteria and concludes, after having shown that Zwicky's analyzes are "irrelevant or open to improvement" (Hudson 198 ...
... criteria for determining head-status, and concludes that the criteria do not consistently point to one and the same head in a syntactic construction. Hudson, however, re-examines the criteria and concludes, after having shown that Zwicky's analyzes are "irrelevant or open to improvement" (Hudson 198 ...
as a PDF
... and provides feedback. This technique can be used with active/passive or declarative/interrogative transformations, topicalization, pronominalization, nominal/complete sentences, infinitive/imperative, and agreement exercises. The structures used to compare sentences are called pseudo-semantic struc ...
... and provides feedback. This technique can be used with active/passive or declarative/interrogative transformations, topicalization, pronominalization, nominal/complete sentences, infinitive/imperative, and agreement exercises. The structures used to compare sentences are called pseudo-semantic struc ...
independent clause - Blog UMY Community
... and the sentence does not lose its meaning. Michael, who wants to be a professional baseball player, practices pitching five hours a day. This relative clause can also be “lifted” out of the sentence with those comma “hooks” because the information is not essential. Notice that all of the non-essent ...
... and the sentence does not lose its meaning. Michael, who wants to be a professional baseball player, practices pitching five hours a day. This relative clause can also be “lifted” out of the sentence with those comma “hooks” because the information is not essential. Notice that all of the non-essent ...
Wh-Phrases as Indefinites: A Vietnamese Perspective∗
... indefinites. Other analyses, like that of Cole and Hermon (1998), take the second route and treat wh-questions as derived from indefinites, by the addition of some kind of question operator. However, we think both of these approaches are on the wrong track, for two reasons. First, wh-words used as i ...
... indefinites. Other analyses, like that of Cole and Hermon (1998), take the second route and treat wh-questions as derived from indefinites, by the addition of some kind of question operator. However, we think both of these approaches are on the wrong track, for two reasons. First, wh-words used as i ...
(Past) Participle Agreement
... Kayne (1989a) proposed that past participle agreement is no exception to this general characterization. As a first illustration, take the case of past participle agreement in structures containing an object clitic in Italian: ...
... Kayne (1989a) proposed that past participle agreement is no exception to this general characterization. As a first illustration, take the case of past participle agreement in structures containing an object clitic in Italian: ...
Investigations of downward movement
... to this investigation is the observation that Lowering is a highly syntactic operation. In Chapter 2, I argue that a Lowering head may freely target any intermediate syntactic position of the complex head of its complement, thus deriving several cases of morphological optionality; e.g. reduplicative ...
... to this investigation is the observation that Lowering is a highly syntactic operation. In Chapter 2, I argue that a Lowering head may freely target any intermediate syntactic position of the complex head of its complement, thus deriving several cases of morphological optionality; e.g. reduplicative ...
Compound-Complex Sentences Review
... There are many different kinds of clauses. It would be helpful to review some of the grammar vocabulary we use to talk about clauses. Words and phrases in this color are hyperlinks to the Guide to Grammar & Writing. ...
... There are many different kinds of clauses. It would be helpful to review some of the grammar vocabulary we use to talk about clauses. Words and phrases in this color are hyperlinks to the Guide to Grammar & Writing. ...
ER.July29infl JASuggestions2
... node immediately dominating NP (Aux) and VP was labeled S (for sentence), as schematized in (5). ...
... node immediately dominating NP (Aux) and VP was labeled S (for sentence), as schematized in (5). ...
Derivational morphology in Distributed Morphology
... the hardly believable demands on his time as Deputy Provost at the university, other positions of responsibility too numerous to list and as a linguist whose research continues to break new ground, he was always willing to give an hour of his time every week to me come rain, come snow, come summer v ...
... the hardly believable demands on his time as Deputy Provost at the university, other positions of responsibility too numerous to list and as a linguist whose research continues to break new ground, he was always willing to give an hour of his time every week to me come rain, come snow, come summer v ...
12 Multi-Clause Sentences
... pound sentences. They may consist of coordinated clauses (bolded) that are subordinate to another clause, e.g., Edgeworth believed that novels should have redeeming social value and that her writing might help improve social conditions; or one or more of the coordinate clauses may include one or mor ...
... pound sentences. They may consist of coordinated clauses (bolded) that are subordinate to another clause, e.g., Edgeworth believed that novels should have redeeming social value and that her writing might help improve social conditions; or one or more of the coordinate clauses may include one or mor ...
studies in basque syntax: relative clauses
... relativizer is not a relative pronoun, in fact, it is not even a noun. As we can see from (l)a, the finite verb need not come at the end of its sentence. In relative clauses, however, the verb is always final. Hence, we may visualize the relative clause constructions as NP[S - n - NP]NP' where the r ...
... relativizer is not a relative pronoun, in fact, it is not even a noun. As we can see from (l)a, the finite verb need not come at the end of its sentence. In relative clauses, however, the verb is always final. Hence, we may visualize the relative clause constructions as NP[S - n - NP]NP' where the r ...
A typology of split conjunction
... In this paper, I study instances of noun phrase conjunction where the conjoined noun phrase is subject and the referents of the conjuncts are human, of the type ‘John and Mary are having lunch’. More specifically, I study different, possible splits that occur in such structures, which involve the di ...
... In this paper, I study instances of noun phrase conjunction where the conjoined noun phrase is subject and the referents of the conjuncts are human, of the type ‘John and Mary are having lunch’. More specifically, I study different, possible splits that occur in such structures, which involve the di ...
putting up the resultant pdf online
... We would like to thank Mitch Marcus for his support and encouragement in the production of this document and the policy it describes. Leslie Dossey and Elizabeth Hamilton put a lot of effort into early analysis and organization of the issues. Beatrice Santorini wrote the previous manual, upon which ...
... We would like to thank Mitch Marcus for his support and encouragement in the production of this document and the policy it describes. Leslie Dossey and Elizabeth Hamilton put a lot of effort into early analysis and organization of the issues. Beatrice Santorini wrote the previous manual, upon which ...
English Syntax: An Introduction
... among different grammatical components which play crucial interacting roles in English agreement phenomena. In particular, this chapter shows that once we allow morphological information to interface with the system of syntax, semantics, or even pragmatics, we can provide good solutions for some pu ...
... among different grammatical components which play crucial interacting roles in English agreement phenomena. In particular, this chapter shows that once we allow morphological information to interface with the system of syntax, semantics, or even pragmatics, we can provide good solutions for some pu ...
Document
... 4. The trip was more dangerous than Ballard imagined. 5. The submarine, which had sunk in 1968, made the trip safely that day. ...
... 4. The trip was more dangerous than Ballard imagined. 5. The submarine, which had sunk in 1968, made the trip safely that day. ...
The persistence of optional complementizer
... & Seidenberg, 1994; Tomasello, 2000). Importantly, such lexically based approaches attempt to explain much of the evidence for autonomous syntactic processing by assuming that syntactic influences, if operative at all, can be seen as derived from lexical influences. In the field of language production, ...
... & Seidenberg, 1994; Tomasello, 2000). Importantly, such lexically based approaches attempt to explain much of the evidence for autonomous syntactic processing by assuming that syntactic influences, if operative at all, can be seen as derived from lexical influences. In the field of language production, ...
complete paper - Cascadilla Proceedings Project
... the clitic like òun can also have a coreferential reading in the same context. In other words, in examples (28-31) and (32-35) both the clitic and òun may refer to the same NP, that is, the higher NP Ayo. Pulleyblank's account rests crucially on the hypothesized null operator appearing in the matrix ...
... the clitic like òun can also have a coreferential reading in the same context. In other words, in examples (28-31) and (32-35) both the clitic and òun may refer to the same NP, that is, the higher NP Ayo. Pulleyblank's account rests crucially on the hypothesized null operator appearing in the matrix ...
Slavic prefixes inside and outside VP
... Cross-linguistic patterns like the ones seen here suggest that the verbparticle and separable prefix structures familiar from Germanic languages are by no means peculiar to them, but are fairly typical manifestations of the systems that UG makes available for the expression of directed motion and re ...
... Cross-linguistic patterns like the ones seen here suggest that the verbparticle and separable prefix structures familiar from Germanic languages are by no means peculiar to them, but are fairly typical manifestations of the systems that UG makes available for the expression of directed motion and re ...
English Syntax: An Introduction
... solutions for some puzzling English agreement phenomena, within a principled theory. Chapter 7 covers raising and control phenomena, and provides insights into the properties of the two different constructions, which are famously rather similar in terms of syntactic structures, but different in term ...
... solutions for some puzzling English agreement phenomena, within a principled theory. Chapter 7 covers raising and control phenomena, and provides insights into the properties of the two different constructions, which are famously rather similar in terms of syntactic structures, but different in term ...
Identifying Relations for Open Information Extraction
... relation phrase, solving this problem. Although the syntactic constraint significantly reduces incoherent and uninformative extractions, it allows overly-specific relation phrases such as is offering only modest greenhouse gas reduction targets at. To avoid overly-specific relation phrases, we intro ...
... relation phrase, solving this problem. Although the syntactic constraint significantly reduces incoherent and uninformative extractions, it allows overly-specific relation phrases such as is offering only modest greenhouse gas reduction targets at. To avoid overly-specific relation phrases, we intro ...
the EMNLP 2011 paper - ReVerb
... relation phrase, solving this problem. Although the syntactic constraint significantly reduces incoherent and uninformative extractions, it allows overly-specific relation phrases such as is offering only modest greenhouse gas reduction targets at. To avoid overly-specific relation phrases, we intro ...
... relation phrase, solving this problem. Although the syntactic constraint significantly reduces incoherent and uninformative extractions, it allows overly-specific relation phrases such as is offering only modest greenhouse gas reduction targets at. To avoid overly-specific relation phrases, we intro ...
Antisymmetry
In linguistics, antisymmetry is a theory of syntactic linearization presented in Richard Kayne's 1994 monograph The Antisymmetry of Syntax. The crux of this theory is that hierarchical structure in natural language maps universally onto a particular surface linearization, namely specifier-head-complement branching order. The theory derives a version of X-bar theory. Kayne hypothesizes that all phrases whose surface order is not specifier-head-complement have undergone movements that disrupt this underlying order. Subsequently, there have also been attempts at deriving specifier-complement-head as the basic word order.Antisymmetry as a principle of word order is reliant on assumptions that many theories of syntax dispute, e.g. constituency structure (as opposed to dependency structure), X-bar notions such as specifier and complement, and the existence of ordering altering mechanisms such as movement and/or copying.