Complex Motion Perception and its Deficits
... signals. To create an abstract representation of space the posterior parietal cortex combines signals from many different modalities, such as vision, audition, somatosensory and vestibular signals. Perhaps our unitary perception of the space around us, independent of the sensory modality, is embodie ...
... signals. To create an abstract representation of space the posterior parietal cortex combines signals from many different modalities, such as vision, audition, somatosensory and vestibular signals. Perhaps our unitary perception of the space around us, independent of the sensory modality, is embodie ...
Imaging development and plasticity in the mouse visual system
... calcium transients associated with neuronal activity in up to hundred cells simultaneously, enabled me to examine MD-induced changes in the functional properties of each neuron independently. I found that, in general, deprived eye responses were weakened and nondeprived eye responses strengthened af ...
... calcium transients associated with neuronal activity in up to hundred cells simultaneously, enabled me to examine MD-induced changes in the functional properties of each neuron independently. I found that, in general, deprived eye responses were weakened and nondeprived eye responses strengthened af ...
The effect of selective attention on auditory frequency
... When we listen to a friend in a noisy café, the segregation between information and noise depends largely on the differences in neural level representations of the auditory inputs. The auditory cortex (AC) is tonotopically organized, which means that the frequency information is mapped to the cortic ...
... When we listen to a friend in a noisy café, the segregation between information and noise depends largely on the differences in neural level representations of the auditory inputs. The auditory cortex (AC) is tonotopically organized, which means that the frequency information is mapped to the cortic ...
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... traced from the limbic periallocortex toward the isocortical areas. Based on cytoarchitectonic and myeloarchitectonic analysis, they observed that one of the architectonic trends takes a radial basoventral course from the periallocortex in the caudal orbitofrontal region to the adjacent proisocortex ...
... traced from the limbic periallocortex toward the isocortical areas. Based on cytoarchitectonic and myeloarchitectonic analysis, they observed that one of the architectonic trends takes a radial basoventral course from the periallocortex in the caudal orbitofrontal region to the adjacent proisocortex ...
Topography of Visual Cortex Connections with Frontal Eye Field in
... are involved in orienting responses to peripheral visual as well as to acoustic stimuli and therefore are more closely related to spatial vision. This study examined the pattern of connections of frontal eye field (FEF) and surrounding prefrontal cortex with extrastriate visual areas and other postc ...
... are involved in orienting responses to peripheral visual as well as to acoustic stimuli and therefore are more closely related to spatial vision. This study examined the pattern of connections of frontal eye field (FEF) and surrounding prefrontal cortex with extrastriate visual areas and other postc ...
Seminar Chronic disorders of consciousness
... networks that would indicate awareness. Vegetative state has a poor prognosis for recovery of awareness when present for more than a year in traumatic cases and for 3 months in non-traumatic cases. Patients in minimally conscious state are poorly responsive to stimuli, but show intermittent awarenes ...
... networks that would indicate awareness. Vegetative state has a poor prognosis for recovery of awareness when present for more than a year in traumatic cases and for 3 months in non-traumatic cases. Patients in minimally conscious state are poorly responsive to stimuli, but show intermittent awarenes ...
The basal ganglia: from motor commands to the
... While it has been clear in primates for some time that most modulation of activity in the basal ganglia circuit occurs during movement execution [31], this has been less clear in rodents. For example, rats trained to run a T-maze will generally show ‘task-bracketing’ activity that emerges with sus ...
... While it has been clear in primates for some time that most modulation of activity in the basal ganglia circuit occurs during movement execution [31], this has been less clear in rodents. For example, rats trained to run a T-maze will generally show ‘task-bracketing’ activity that emerges with sus ...
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... explosion of research that exploits resting-state functional connectivity fMRI (rs-fcMRI) to characterize the largescale organization of neural networks via analyses of temporally correlated BOLD signals [14]. Seminal work by Biswal, Fox, Greicius, Raichle and colleagues (among others) delineated an ...
... explosion of research that exploits resting-state functional connectivity fMRI (rs-fcMRI) to characterize the largescale organization of neural networks via analyses of temporally correlated BOLD signals [14]. Seminal work by Biswal, Fox, Greicius, Raichle and colleagues (among others) delineated an ...
The Basal Ganglia and Motor Control
... output. Noteworthy is that the subthalamic nucleus not only receives a (tonic) inhibitory input from the external pallidal segment .(and in this way is disinhibited during striatal activity) but also is projected upon directly by excitatory cortical and thalamic fibers (Gerfen & Wilson, 1996; Feger ...
... output. Noteworthy is that the subthalamic nucleus not only receives a (tonic) inhibitory input from the external pallidal segment .(and in this way is disinhibited during striatal activity) but also is projected upon directly by excitatory cortical and thalamic fibers (Gerfen & Wilson, 1996; Feger ...
Plasticity of Binocularity and Visual Acuity Are Differentially Limited
... were required to achieve five correct trials in a row, or 8 of 10 correct trials at each spatial frequency before proceeding to the next higher frequency. Once a mouse failed to complete 8 of 10 correct trials at a given spatial frequency, it was briefly retrained at half that spatial frequency to e ...
... were required to achieve five correct trials in a row, or 8 of 10 correct trials at each spatial frequency before proceeding to the next higher frequency. Once a mouse failed to complete 8 of 10 correct trials at a given spatial frequency, it was briefly retrained at half that spatial frequency to e ...
stimulus conditions area MT of the macaque monkey under matched
... A. Similar adaptation effects in primary visual cortex and area MT of the macaque monkey under matched stimulus conditions. J Neurophysiol 111: 1203–1213, 2014. First published December 26, 2013; doi:10.1152/jn.00030.2013.—Recent stimulus history, or adaptation, can alter neuronal response propertie ...
... A. Similar adaptation effects in primary visual cortex and area MT of the macaque monkey under matched stimulus conditions. J Neurophysiol 111: 1203–1213, 2014. First published December 26, 2013; doi:10.1152/jn.00030.2013.—Recent stimulus history, or adaptation, can alter neuronal response propertie ...
19 CORTICAL PROJECTIONS FROM TWO PRESTRIATE AREAS IN
... In the visual system from retina to cortex the diversity of cell types as judged by their electrophysiological response properties may be explained by the repeated convergence of one group of cells upon another, using both excitatory and inhibitory mechanismsL Such a convergence starts within the la ...
... In the visual system from retina to cortex the diversity of cell types as judged by their electrophysiological response properties may be explained by the repeated convergence of one group of cells upon another, using both excitatory and inhibitory mechanismsL Such a convergence starts within the la ...
Visual Adaptation: Physiology, Mechanisms, and Functional Benefits
... Both perception and the response properties of neurons are affected by sensory history. This dependence on experience is seen over a wide range of time scales, from effects arising during development to those driven by the most recent sensory input. A particularly striking and easily studied form of ...
... Both perception and the response properties of neurons are affected by sensory history. This dependence on experience is seen over a wide range of time scales, from effects arising during development to those driven by the most recent sensory input. A particularly striking and easily studied form of ...
Frontal Eye Field Sends Delay Activity Related to Movement
... ments (reviewed by Schall 1997 and Tehovnik et al. 2000); neurons in the FEF carry diverse signals ranging from visual responses to saccade-related bursts of activity (e.g., Bruce and Goldberg 1985). A major projection of FEF neurons is to the superior colliculus (SC) (reviewed by Leichnetz and Gold ...
... ments (reviewed by Schall 1997 and Tehovnik et al. 2000); neurons in the FEF carry diverse signals ranging from visual responses to saccade-related bursts of activity (e.g., Bruce and Goldberg 1985). A major projection of FEF neurons is to the superior colliculus (SC) (reviewed by Leichnetz and Gold ...
Update on models of basal ganglia function and dysfunction
... receive inputs from distinct groups of cortical neurons [18], but these results are difficult to reconcile with primate studies in which cortical neurons, activated by antidromic stimulation of the putamen, were identified as slowly-responding non-pyramidal cells of low activity [19,20]. Finally, anat ...
... receive inputs from distinct groups of cortical neurons [18], but these results are difficult to reconcile with primate studies in which cortical neurons, activated by antidromic stimulation of the putamen, were identified as slowly-responding non-pyramidal cells of low activity [19,20]. Finally, anat ...
Cannabis and cognition: short- and long
... component (an index of the allocation of attentional resources and updating of memory traces) (Roser et al., 2008). Thus, further evidence has accumulated for a disruption of attention, memory and inhibitory control following acute administration of cannabis to humans, with some elucidation of the n ...
... component (an index of the allocation of attentional resources and updating of memory traces) (Roser et al., 2008). Thus, further evidence has accumulated for a disruption of attention, memory and inhibitory control following acute administration of cannabis to humans, with some elucidation of the n ...
Stereoscopic Processing of Absolute and Relative Disparity in
... signal should be a consequence of the reduction in response from adapted neurons selective for the attribute being tested. The major advantage of this approach is that it targets specific subpopulations of neurons, as response differences can be referred back to adaptation-tagged neurons (Grill-Spec ...
... signal should be a consequence of the reduction in response from adapted neurons selective for the attribute being tested. The major advantage of this approach is that it targets specific subpopulations of neurons, as response differences can be referred back to adaptation-tagged neurons (Grill-Spec ...
PDF - Oxford Academic - Oxford University Press
... isolate the participants from scanner noise (Resonance Technology Inc., Northridge, CA). The maximum intensity of the stimuli was 84 dB SPL (sound pressure level) at the headphones and the scanning sounds were confined within the inter-stimulus interval by using a clustered volume acquisition sequen ...
... isolate the participants from scanner noise (Resonance Technology Inc., Northridge, CA). The maximum intensity of the stimuli was 84 dB SPL (sound pressure level) at the headphones and the scanning sounds were confined within the inter-stimulus interval by using a clustered volume acquisition sequen ...
Bipolar Cell
... • As we all know, our eyes detect the presence of light. • For humans, light is a narrow band of the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation. Electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of between 380 and 760 nm (a nanometer, nm, is one-billionth of a meter) is visible to us. (See Figure 6.1.) • Other ...
... • As we all know, our eyes detect the presence of light. • For humans, light is a narrow band of the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation. Electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of between 380 and 760 nm (a nanometer, nm, is one-billionth of a meter) is visible to us. (See Figure 6.1.) • Other ...
Vdhjections InducedInto the Auditory Pathway of Ferrets. I
... subject of intense examination. However, it is not known whether cortical cells in different sensory cortices process information in a way that is specific to the modality of their input, or whether there are commonalities in processing circuitry across different cortices. In our laboratory, this qu ...
... subject of intense examination. However, it is not known whether cortical cells in different sensory cortices process information in a way that is specific to the modality of their input, or whether there are commonalities in processing circuitry across different cortices. In our laboratory, this qu ...
Acceleration of visually cued conditioned fear through the
... run on the data collected after either one or three fear conditioning sessions. The ANOVA on the data collected after one fear conditioning session showed a significant effect of group (F = 2.7, P = 0.05) and time (habituation versus cue; F = 87.1, P < 0.001) as well as a significant interaction bet ...
... run on the data collected after either one or three fear conditioning sessions. The ANOVA on the data collected after one fear conditioning session showed a significant effect of group (F = 2.7, P = 0.05) and time (habituation versus cue; F = 87.1, P < 0.001) as well as a significant interaction bet ...
Saccade performance in the nasal and temporal
... Another type of eye movement, which also keeps the target at the fovea, is the smooth pursuit movement. Saccades have high velocity and short duration and their role is to move the eye quickly from one position to another to keep the target on the fovea. The role of smooth pursuit is also to keep th ...
... Another type of eye movement, which also keeps the target at the fovea, is the smooth pursuit movement. Saccades have high velocity and short duration and their role is to move the eye quickly from one position to another to keep the target on the fovea. The role of smooth pursuit is also to keep th ...
Cross modality matching of brightness and loudness
... may have influenced the cortical response. Basic cross modality matching studies of brightness and loudness reveal that individuals tend to associate brighter lights with louder sounds and dimmer lights with softer sounds (Marks, 1987; McPherson, 1975; Stevens & Marks, 1965). Thus, the intensities o ...
... may have influenced the cortical response. Basic cross modality matching studies of brightness and loudness reveal that individuals tend to associate brighter lights with louder sounds and dimmer lights with softer sounds (Marks, 1987; McPherson, 1975; Stevens & Marks, 1965). Thus, the intensities o ...
Neuronal Activity in Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata during Target
... which visual stimuli were displayed. The cross represents the fixation point, and the small box indicates the eye position criterion window for correct performance of the task. Each of these trial types was randomly interleaved. As the number of possible target increased, the probability that any on ...
... which visual stimuli were displayed. The cross represents the fixation point, and the small box indicates the eye position criterion window for correct performance of the task. Each of these trial types was randomly interleaved. As the number of possible target increased, the probability that any on ...
Cerebral amyloidosis, amyloid angiopathy, and their relationship to
... to autosomal dominant forms of familial AD (FAD) (reviewed in [48]). As indicated in Fig. 1, multiple mutation sites either within or immediately outside the Aβ segment have been identified in the AβPP gene. Surprisingly, AβPP mutations found outside the Aβ peptide are mainly associated with dementi ...
... to autosomal dominant forms of familial AD (FAD) (reviewed in [48]). As indicated in Fig. 1, multiple mutation sites either within or immediately outside the Aβ segment have been identified in the AβPP gene. Surprisingly, AβPP mutations found outside the Aβ peptide are mainly associated with dementi ...