climate science and the uncertainty monster
... The drive to reduce scientific uncertainty in support of precautionary and optimal decision making strategies regarding CO2 mitigation has arguably resulted in: • unwarranted high confidence in assessments of climate change attribution, sensitivity and projections • relative neglect of black swans ...
... The drive to reduce scientific uncertainty in support of precautionary and optimal decision making strategies regarding CO2 mitigation has arguably resulted in: • unwarranted high confidence in assessments of climate change attribution, sensitivity and projections • relative neglect of black swans ...
Download (PDF)
... action by numerous sovereign countries.1 However, national sovereignty limits the means that an international agreement cannot force a country to do things that are not in the country’s national self-interest. As the negotiations at the annual Conference of Parties under the UN Framework Convention ...
... action by numerous sovereign countries.1 However, national sovereignty limits the means that an international agreement cannot force a country to do things that are not in the country’s national self-interest. As the negotiations at the annual Conference of Parties under the UN Framework Convention ...
Exxon Mobil and British Petroleum: A tale of two companies or just
... Climate Change Impacts from the Oil Sector The term “climate change” refers to any significant changes in climate indicators, such as temperatures and weather patterns, taking place over decadal or longer time scales. Though the Earth has undergone many changes in its dominant climate, the warming ...
... Climate Change Impacts from the Oil Sector The term “climate change” refers to any significant changes in climate indicators, such as temperatures and weather patterns, taking place over decadal or longer time scales. Though the Earth has undergone many changes in its dominant climate, the warming ...
Plants and Animals in Washington (PDF)
... Based on Elsner et al.’s (2010)[16] historical and future hydrologic projections, which stem from an average of 20 global climate models and the A1B greenhouse gas scenario. Based on a 27.3-inch global sea-level rise by 2100 relative to 1980-1999 (projected under a medium greenhouse gas scenario) an ...
... Based on Elsner et al.’s (2010)[16] historical and future hydrologic projections, which stem from an average of 20 global climate models and the A1B greenhouse gas scenario. Based on a 27.3-inch global sea-level rise by 2100 relative to 1980-1999 (projected under a medium greenhouse gas scenario) an ...
Great Decisions Energy Use and Global Warming — Fact Sheet
... meter (a 100 to 1 ratio). According to reports from the 2002 AAAS meeting, the sea level could rise by up to 30 centimeters over the next century, twice as much as the IPCC reckons on.(10) The costs of protecting low-lying cities such as New York, Baltimore, and Charleston are incredibly huge, far i ...
... meter (a 100 to 1 ratio). According to reports from the 2002 AAAS meeting, the sea level could rise by up to 30 centimeters over the next century, twice as much as the IPCC reckons on.(10) The costs of protecting low-lying cities such as New York, Baltimore, and Charleston are incredibly huge, far i ...
Realities vs. Misconceptions about Climate Change Science
... The Reality: Short time periods of a decade or so often give the false impression that the Earth is not warming or that it is cooling. “Climate” is defined by long-term (e.g., 30 years) averages of climate metrics. Over the 20th century the long-term global average surface temperature has clearly in ...
... The Reality: Short time periods of a decade or so often give the false impression that the Earth is not warming or that it is cooling. “Climate” is defined by long-term (e.g., 30 years) averages of climate metrics. Over the 20th century the long-term global average surface temperature has clearly in ...
PRECIS Training Workshop
... systems running the Linux operating system. On such systems (those not requiring job control / scheduling / queuing software), PRECIS runs on any version of Linux (32 or 64 bit). The PRECIS software itself is offered freely to users from countries classed as non-Annex II by the UNFCCC, but is only d ...
... systems running the Linux operating system. On such systems (those not requiring job control / scheduling / queuing software), PRECIS runs on any version of Linux (32 or 64 bit). The PRECIS software itself is offered freely to users from countries classed as non-Annex II by the UNFCCC, but is only d ...
Syllabus - The Bodanyi Project
... problem for policy makers, the solutions available, and the policy instruments likely to lead to implementation of these technologies and change of behavior. Course Organization The course is organized in four units drawing on multiple academic disciplines. In the first unit, we will define global ...
... problem for policy makers, the solutions available, and the policy instruments likely to lead to implementation of these technologies and change of behavior. Course Organization The course is organized in four units drawing on multiple academic disciplines. In the first unit, we will define global ...
The Climate Change Performance Index Results 2016
... Another good sign for the Paris negotiations is that the blocking fraction seems to have lost a strong member: with the new government, Canada is back in the negotiations. In the end, it will be crucial that countries such as India or Morocco, which are still well below the world average regarding p ...
... Another good sign for the Paris negotiations is that the blocking fraction seems to have lost a strong member: with the new government, Canada is back in the negotiations. In the end, it will be crucial that countries such as India or Morocco, which are still well below the world average regarding p ...
PDF
... drier. In addition to changes in temperature and precipitation, another key factor in agricultural productivity is the effect of elevated levels of atmospheric CO2 on crop yields. Some estimates suggest that higher CO2 levels could increase crop productivity substantially, by 50% or more, although t ...
... drier. In addition to changes in temperature and precipitation, another key factor in agricultural productivity is the effect of elevated levels of atmospheric CO2 on crop yields. Some estimates suggest that higher CO2 levels could increase crop productivity substantially, by 50% or more, although t ...
Explaining the Implications of Climate Change and Farmers` Risk
... especially important in agriculture not only for the direct impact that climate has on production, but also because most farmers tend to be risk averse. The fore knowledge that farmers’ are mostly risk averse therefore calls for reopening of an enabling policy environment that effectively considers ...
... especially important in agriculture not only for the direct impact that climate has on production, but also because most farmers tend to be risk averse. The fore knowledge that farmers’ are mostly risk averse therefore calls for reopening of an enabling policy environment that effectively considers ...
Special Report on Emission Scenario’s
... Prospective areas in sedimentary basins where suitable saline formations, oil or gas fields, or coal beds may be found. Locations for storage in coal beds are only partly included. Prospectivity is a qualitative assessment of the likelihood that a suitable storage location is present in a given area ...
... Prospective areas in sedimentary basins where suitable saline formations, oil or gas fields, or coal beds may be found. Locations for storage in coal beds are only partly included. Prospectivity is a qualitative assessment of the likelihood that a suitable storage location is present in a given area ...
Document
... • These differences may generate additional pressures for similar measures here • The introduction of the Australian scheme should help reduce some of the competitiveness concerns of New Zealand businesses ...
... • These differences may generate additional pressures for similar measures here • The introduction of the Australian scheme should help reduce some of the competitiveness concerns of New Zealand businesses ...
Infosylva Special COP 17
... Uganda's water and environment minister, Maria Mutagamba, has said a global agreement should be designed to help cut down deforestation that contributes to global warming. Mutagamba was speaking at the high level segment of the United Nations (UN) climate talks in Durban attended by top UN diplomats ...
... Uganda's water and environment minister, Maria Mutagamba, has said a global agreement should be designed to help cut down deforestation that contributes to global warming. Mutagamba was speaking at the high level segment of the United Nations (UN) climate talks in Durban attended by top UN diplomats ...
Day 1 - UNEP
... Mitigation finance and technology: middle-income, emerging and carbon intensive economies ...
... Mitigation finance and technology: middle-income, emerging and carbon intensive economies ...
CRS Report for Congress Climate Change: Federal Research, Technology, and Related Programs
... funding for research and development (R&D), tax incentives for early action, a set of federal government energy initiatives including various tax credits to encourage purchase and use of more efficient technologies, and industry consultations to explore ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Stage ...
... funding for research and development (R&D), tax incentives for early action, a set of federal government energy initiatives including various tax credits to encourage purchase and use of more efficient technologies, and industry consultations to explore ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Stage ...
PROXY MEMORANDUM To: Marathon Petroleum Corporation
... are carbon-based transportation fuels that produce significant greenhouse gas emissions. 15 Globally, demand for petroleum-based fuels will have to fall significantly by mid-century to meet the 2-degree goal of the Paris Agreement: the U.S. Mid-Century Strategy for Deep Decarbonization, released las ...
... are carbon-based transportation fuels that produce significant greenhouse gas emissions. 15 Globally, demand for petroleum-based fuels will have to fall significantly by mid-century to meet the 2-degree goal of the Paris Agreement: the U.S. Mid-Century Strategy for Deep Decarbonization, released las ...
Independent Review of the Climate Change Act 2010 [MS Word
... It is an election commitment under Our Environment, Our Future to establish an emissions reduction target for Victoria. Embedding a long-term emissions reduction target in legislation will help provide a stable signal to the Victorian community and business, locally and internationally, of the Victo ...
... It is an election commitment under Our Environment, Our Future to establish an emissions reduction target for Victoria. Embedding a long-term emissions reduction target in legislation will help provide a stable signal to the Victorian community and business, locally and internationally, of the Victo ...
Presentation (power point file)
... next 30 years or so are not dependent on mitigation, after that time they depend a lot on what emissions scenario we face. Adaptation options post 2050 are much more limited with high emissions ...
... next 30 years or so are not dependent on mitigation, after that time they depend a lot on what emissions scenario we face. Adaptation options post 2050 are much more limited with high emissions ...
Climate research at the Met Office Hadley Centre
... SRES A2 scenario1, are reduced in the future over 50 years, starting in either 2013 or 2036. These years correspond to equivalent carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration2 reaching 450ppm3 and 550ppm, respectively. The scenarios include the effect of greenhouse gases and sulphate aerosols. The 2036 scenar ...
... SRES A2 scenario1, are reduced in the future over 50 years, starting in either 2013 or 2036. These years correspond to equivalent carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration2 reaching 450ppm3 and 550ppm, respectively. The scenarios include the effect of greenhouse gases and sulphate aerosols. The 2036 scenar ...
OSWER`s Climate Change Adaptation Plan December 4 - CLU-IN
... Comments and questions taken during this session will not be formally entered into the system. Please visit regulations.gov and enter your comment if you would like to have it formally considered. Comments will be accepted through January 3 in the Federal Register comment system. ...
... Comments and questions taken during this session will not be formally entered into the system. Please visit regulations.gov and enter your comment if you would like to have it formally considered. Comments will be accepted through January 3 in the Federal Register comment system. ...
Against the Grain: The United States and the Global Climate
... and the fear that these may try to erode US sovereignty. The US has a long history of spurning international institutions and agreements, including those that it helped to create, once these appear to be developing a momentum of their own that might not entirely support US policies or that might imp ...
... and the fear that these may try to erode US sovereignty. The US has a long history of spurning international institutions and agreements, including those that it helped to create, once these appear to be developing a momentum of their own that might not entirely support US policies or that might imp ...
Persistence of climate changes due to a range of greenhouse
... volcanic aerosol loading persist for more than 5 y (7, 10), and a portion can be expected to last more than a century in the ocean (11–13); clearly these signals persist far longer than the radiative forcing decay timescale of about 12–18 mo for the volcanic aerosol (14, 15). Thus the observed clima ...
... volcanic aerosol loading persist for more than 5 y (7, 10), and a portion can be expected to last more than a century in the ocean (11–13); clearly these signals persist far longer than the radiative forcing decay timescale of about 12–18 mo for the volcanic aerosol (14, 15). Thus the observed clima ...
Global climate change and Illinois.
... amounts of the gas to grow. Without them, CO2 remains in the atmosphere. Methane, which accounts for 18 percent of the greenhouse gases, is generated by landfills, wetlands, animals, decaying plants, and underwater bacteria such as in rice paddies. Other major contributors to the greenhouse effect a ...
... amounts of the gas to grow. Without them, CO2 remains in the atmosphere. Methane, which accounts for 18 percent of the greenhouse gases, is generated by landfills, wetlands, animals, decaying plants, and underwater bacteria such as in rice paddies. Other major contributors to the greenhouse effect a ...
No Slide Title
... to climate change. • We believe that the long term cost of inaction is higher than addressing the issue in the near term through policies that are economically sustainable and environmentally effective. • The Chemical Industry is a key enabler for ...
... to climate change. • We believe that the long term cost of inaction is higher than addressing the issue in the near term through policies that are economically sustainable and environmentally effective. • The Chemical Industry is a key enabler for ...
2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference
The 2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference, commonly known as the Copenhagen Summit, was held at the Bella Center in Copenhagen, Denmark, between 7 and 18 December. The conference included the 15th Conference of the Parties (COP 15) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the 5th Meeting of the Parties (MOP 5) to the Kyoto Protocol. According to the Bali Road Map, a framework for climate change mitigation beyond 2012 was to be agreed there.On Friday 18 December, the final day of the conference, international media reported that the climate talks were ""in disarray"". Media also reported that in lieu of a summit collapse, only a ""weak political statement"" was anticipated at the conclusion of the conference. The Copenhagen Accord was drafted by the United States, China, India, Brazil and South Africa on 18 December, and judged a ""meaningful agreement"" by the United States government. It was ""taken note of"", but not ""adopted"", in a debate of all the participating countries the next day, and it was not passed unanimously. The document recognised that climate change is one of the greatest challenges of the present day and that actions should be taken to keep any temperature increases to below 2 °C. The document is not legally binding and does not contain any legally binding commitments for reducing CO2 emissions.In January 2014, documents leaked by Edward Snowden and published by Dagbladet Information revealed that the US government negotiators were in receipt of information during the conference that was being obtained by spying against other conference delegations. The US National Security Agency provided US delegates with advance details other delegations' positions, including the Danish plan to ""rescue"" the talks should they flounder. Members of the Danish negotiating team said that both the US and Chinese delegations were ""peculiarly well-informed"" about closed-door discussions: ""They simply sat back, just as we had feared they would if they knew about our document.""