Statistical study of transient plasma structures in magnetotail lobes
... earthward ion streams with energies about 10–30 keV known as “beamlets”. The paper describes the results of beamlet statistical analysis for different interplanetary magnetic fields (IMF), clock-angles and various magnetospheric conditions. It is shown that the energy of beamlets increases monotonou ...
... earthward ion streams with energies about 10–30 keV known as “beamlets”. The paper describes the results of beamlet statistical analysis for different interplanetary magnetic fields (IMF), clock-angles and various magnetospheric conditions. It is shown that the energy of beamlets increases monotonou ...
Plasma Characterization & Thin Film Growth and Analysis
... difficult in conventional deposition techniques, as the plasma density is too low to cause significant ionization of the sputtered material, and most of the ions are ions of the sputtering gas [29]. A way to increase the electron density in the discharge is by using an electron cyclotron resonance p ...
... difficult in conventional deposition techniques, as the plasma density is too low to cause significant ionization of the sputtered material, and most of the ions are ions of the sputtering gas [29]. A way to increase the electron density in the discharge is by using an electron cyclotron resonance p ...
Plasma Density Features Associated with Strong Convection in the
... Center for Atmospheric and Space Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322 We combined a simple plasma convection model with an ionospheric-atmospheric composition model in order to study the plasma density features associated with strong convection in the winter high-latitude F region. Our ...
... Center for Atmospheric and Space Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322 We combined a simple plasma convection model with an ionospheric-atmospheric composition model in order to study the plasma density features associated with strong convection in the winter high-latitude F region. Our ...
plasma/tokamak (alex/steve)new - General Atomics Fusion Education
... electron. The electron gives up its energy, moving to a lower orbit, when recombining with the ion. The release of this energy is through a photon at a specific visible light frequency (red). (See the chapter on the electromagnetic spectrum for a more detailed description.) One of the uses for highe ...
... electron. The electron gives up its energy, moving to a lower orbit, when recombining with the ion. The release of this energy is through a photon at a specific visible light frequency (red). (See the chapter on the electromagnetic spectrum for a more detailed description.) One of the uses for highe ...
Tokamak / Stellarator
... Plasma is the second winding of a transformer Flux in the iron core cannot be increased forever. The tokamak is necessarily a pulsed machine That is not good for energy production Also thermal stresses are associated with the pulsed character One can either: live with it / drive current another way ...
... Plasma is the second winding of a transformer Flux in the iron core cannot be increased forever. The tokamak is necessarily a pulsed machine That is not good for energy production Also thermal stresses are associated with the pulsed character One can either: live with it / drive current another way ...
Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling Through E
... from those of Buchert et al. [2006]). The authors deduced that the total energy per unit volume and time lost by the ! 0 to particles equals the total work performed external field E by this field on the total average current, !j = !j0 + !jNC (!j0 is the laminar current density). They suggested that ...
... from those of Buchert et al. [2006]). The authors deduced that the total energy per unit volume and time lost by the ! 0 to particles equals the total work performed external field E by this field on the total average current, !j = !j0 + !jNC (!j0 is the laminar current density). They suggested that ...
SchrittwieserR_Probe_Methods_04 - Golem
... can be temperature gradients in the region of investigation, which is always the case in the edge region of a hot magnetized plasma. Moreover, also the ratio between the ion and the electron saturation currents Ies/Iis cannot always be determined precisely, especially in a strong magnetic field [14] ...
... can be temperature gradients in the region of investigation, which is always the case in the edge region of a hot magnetized plasma. Moreover, also the ratio between the ion and the electron saturation currents Ies/Iis cannot always be determined precisely, especially in a strong magnetic field [14] ...
Chapter 6 Coupling between the ionosphere and the
... It is important to note, that the magnetic field lines connect different magnetospheric regions to different latitudes in the ionosphere. At low and middle latitudes the field lines resemble dipole field lines and they are connected to a plasma region called the plasmasphere, which contains cool den ...
... It is important to note, that the magnetic field lines connect different magnetospheric regions to different latitudes in the ionosphere. At low and middle latitudes the field lines resemble dipole field lines and they are connected to a plasma region called the plasmasphere, which contains cool den ...
Mid-Term Exam
... while “attentuation” describes the narrowing of the beam as it is refracted. (c) “Loss” describes energy absorbed by the material, while “attenuation” describes the decrease in wave strength across space, which may be caused by loss, but can be caused by other things. (d) “Loss” describes the portio ...
... while “attentuation” describes the narrowing of the beam as it is refracted. (c) “Loss” describes energy absorbed by the material, while “attenuation” describes the decrease in wave strength across space, which may be caused by loss, but can be caused by other things. (d) “Loss” describes the portio ...
Physics of Stars and the Measurement Data: Part III
... It is interesting, is it possible to study this effect under laboratory conditions? One can use gaseous tritium for it and can measure the rate of its decay at two states. First the rate of tritium decay at atomic (molecular) state. Second, the same rate under the effect of ionizing electric dischar ...
... It is interesting, is it possible to study this effect under laboratory conditions? One can use gaseous tritium for it and can measure the rate of its decay at two states. First the rate of tritium decay at atomic (molecular) state. Second, the same rate under the effect of ionizing electric dischar ...
Chapter 4
... ionize air molecules, creating plasma in the upper atmosphere. This plasma is weakly ionized; the ratio between electron density and density of neutral air never becomes larger that 107, even at the altitude when ne reaches its maximum. The regular ionospheric layers we will describe in this chapter ...
... ionize air molecules, creating plasma in the upper atmosphere. This plasma is weakly ionized; the ratio between electron density and density of neutral air never becomes larger that 107, even at the altitude when ne reaches its maximum. The regular ionospheric layers we will describe in this chapter ...
BYU RIE diagram
... etching is to create an anisotropic etch - meaning that the etch is directional. An anisotropic etch is critical for high-fidelity pattern transfer. RIE etching is one method of dry etching. The figure below shows a diagram of a common RIE setup. An RIE consists of two electrodes (1 and 4) that crea ...
... etching is to create an anisotropic etch - meaning that the etch is directional. An anisotropic etch is critical for high-fidelity pattern transfer. RIE etching is one method of dry etching. The figure below shows a diagram of a common RIE setup. An RIE consists of two electrodes (1 and 4) that crea ...
(pdf)
... Figure 1. Drawing that shows the simulation domain and the trajectory of the Cassini orbiter during Saturn’s orbit insertion (SOI) on July 1, 2004. The dipole field lines are indicated. The vertical axis gives z and the horizontal axis gives the radial distance along the magnetic equator. optical th ...
... Figure 1. Drawing that shows the simulation domain and the trajectory of the Cassini orbiter during Saturn’s orbit insertion (SOI) on July 1, 2004. The dipole field lines are indicated. The vertical axis gives z and the horizontal axis gives the radial distance along the magnetic equator. optical th ...
Beam Transport in a Quadrupole Electrostatic System
... (iii) a new bifurcation sequence of the steady-state solutions, at which periodic virtual cathode oscillations turn into intermittent spiking oscillations, which ultimately evolve to stable oscillations when increasing the input energy of the injected electron beam. ...
... (iii) a new bifurcation sequence of the steady-state solutions, at which periodic virtual cathode oscillations turn into intermittent spiking oscillations, which ultimately evolve to stable oscillations when increasing the input energy of the injected electron beam. ...
Real Properties of Electromagnetic Fields and
... released by magnetic reconnection (merging) is a neutral point, one at which the magnetic field strength is zero valued. Fig. 2 provides a simple example that demonstrates how such a neutral point can be created. The field structure that is shown in Fig. 1 lies within the small rectangle at the cent ...
... released by magnetic reconnection (merging) is a neutral point, one at which the magnetic field strength is zero valued. Fig. 2 provides a simple example that demonstrates how such a neutral point can be created. The field structure that is shown in Fig. 1 lies within the small rectangle at the cent ...
Presentación de PowerPoint - High
... that the electron contribution is predominant for the dusty torus of AGN, and the dust does not affect the rotation of electron vector of polarization (EVPA). • For the outer parts of the jet, kilo-parsec regions, the electrons remain predominant, but the rotation of the elongated dust particles can ...
... that the electron contribution is predominant for the dusty torus of AGN, and the dust does not affect the rotation of electron vector of polarization (EVPA). • For the outer parts of the jet, kilo-parsec regions, the electrons remain predominant, but the rotation of the elongated dust particles can ...
Preparation of Papers for AIAA Technical Conferences
... and 8.b. These images represent a snapshot of electron flow through the magnetic cusps. Superimposed on each image is an experimentally determined magnetic field vector plot. Clearly, the spatial distribution of the electrons mirror that of the magnetic field lines—essentially shaped by the magnetic ...
... and 8.b. These images represent a snapshot of electron flow through the magnetic cusps. Superimposed on each image is an experimentally determined magnetic field vector plot. Clearly, the spatial distribution of the electrons mirror that of the magnetic field lines—essentially shaped by the magnetic ...
M.Sc. Physics (P) Sub. : Classical Electrodynamics UNIT
... Using expressions for and in terms of potentials justify that different components of and must be expressed as components of contravariant antisymmetric tensor of rank two. Reduce inhomogeneous maxwell's equations to covariant form. An electromagnetic wave propagating along a direction has electric ...
... Using expressions for and in terms of potentials justify that different components of and must be expressed as components of contravariant antisymmetric tensor of rank two. Reduce inhomogeneous maxwell's equations to covariant form. An electromagnetic wave propagating along a direction has electric ...
FUSION-FISSION HYBRID REACTOR STUDIES FOR THE STRAIGHT FIELD LINE MIRROR
... An electron temperature around 500 eV, although dramatically lower than that required for a fusion device, is still a challenge for mirror machines, and is connected with the Q factor and the possibilities to reach power production in a hybrid mirror machine. Experiments in Gamma10 and GDT have show ...
... An electron temperature around 500 eV, although dramatically lower than that required for a fusion device, is still a challenge for mirror machines, and is connected with the Q factor and the possibilities to reach power production in a hybrid mirror machine. Experiments in Gamma10 and GDT have show ...
Mass-Dependent Ion Heating during Magnetic Reconnection in a
... data points at the same mass correspond to different plasma densities in a range ð0:8–1:4Þ 1019 m3 . ...
... data points at the same mass correspond to different plasma densities in a range ð0:8–1:4Þ 1019 m3 . ...
Plasma Seminar, April 13, 2015 "The Magnetized Dusty Plasmas
... • Its construction was funded in 2011 by a $2.1M NSF MRI grant based on a collaborative proposal submitted by: • Auburn University [Ed Thomas (PI) and Uwe Konopka] • The University of Iowa (me) • The University of California at San Diego (Marlene Rosenberg) • It is a multi-user research facility for ...
... • Its construction was funded in 2011 by a $2.1M NSF MRI grant based on a collaborative proposal submitted by: • Auburn University [Ed Thomas (PI) and Uwe Konopka] • The University of Iowa (me) • The University of California at San Diego (Marlene Rosenberg) • It is a multi-user research facility for ...
Factors affecting the Cl atom density in a chlorine discharge
... The EEDF is of primary importancein the analysisof gas dischargessince it determinesthe electron transport properties and the rate coefficients for various electronparticle (atom or molecule) reactions.The EEDF depends on the electric field, neutral gas density, excitation frequency, and plasma gas ...
... The EEDF is of primary importancein the analysisof gas dischargessince it determinesthe electron transport properties and the rate coefficients for various electronparticle (atom or molecule) reactions.The EEDF depends on the electric field, neutral gas density, excitation frequency, and plasma gas ...
CONSTRUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A FARNSWORTH-HIRSCH FUSOR By
... In order to achieve this confinement, several methods have been devised. In tokamak based fusion reactions, a typically toroidal pressure vessel with a helical magnetic field is used to contain the plasma. In these devices, the helical magnetic fields are generated by electromagnets located on the ...
... In order to achieve this confinement, several methods have been devised. In tokamak based fusion reactions, a typically toroidal pressure vessel with a helical magnetic field is used to contain the plasma. In these devices, the helical magnetic fields are generated by electromagnets located on the ...
Quasi-perpendicular magnetosonic waves in a multi-ion
... The presence of multiple ion species introduces interesting properties to plasma waves; such as minority heating,1 heavy ion acceleration,2 and wave propagation.3–10 Since most of the fusion and space plasmas contain several 共or many兲 ion species, it is important to study these properties. In a two- ...
... The presence of multiple ion species introduces interesting properties to plasma waves; such as minority heating,1 heavy ion acceleration,2 and wave propagation.3–10 Since most of the fusion and space plasmas contain several 共or many兲 ion species, it is important to study these properties. In a two- ...
Chamber clearing
... Motivation • Aerosols are created in chamber due to large heating flux on surface of liquid • Aerosols are charged, due to presence of plasma afterglow following the pulse • Electric fields can be used to remove aerosol • Similar to electrostatic precipitators used commercially for removing particu ...
... Motivation • Aerosols are created in chamber due to large heating flux on surface of liquid • Aerosols are charged, due to presence of plasma afterglow following the pulse • Electric fields can be used to remove aerosol • Similar to electrostatic precipitators used commercially for removing particu ...
Plasma (physics)
Plasma (from Greek πλάσμα, ""anything formed"") is one of the four fundamental states of matter, the others being solid, liquid, and gas. A plasma has properties unlike those of the other states.A plasma can be created by heating a gas or subjecting it to a strong electromagnetic field applied with a laser or microwave generator. This decreases or increases the number of electrons, creating positive or negative charged particles called ions, and is accompanied by the dissociation of molecular bonds, if present.The presence of a significant number of charge carriers makes plasma electrically conductive so that it responds strongly to electromagnetic fields. Like gas, plasma does not have a definite shape or a definite volume unless enclosed in a container. Unlike gas, under the influence of a magnetic field, it may form structures such as filaments, beams and double layers.Plasma is the most abundant form of ordinary matter in the Universe (the only matter known to exist for sure, the more abundant dark matter is hypothetical and may or may not be explained by ordinary matter), most of which is in the rarefied intergalactic regions, particularly the intracluster medium, and in stars, including the Sun. A common form of plasmas on Earth is seen in neon signs.Much of the understanding of plasmas has come from the pursuit of controlled nuclear fusion and fusion power, for which plasma physics provides the scientific basis.