Chapter 21: Waves in Cold Plasmas: Two-Fluid Formalism
... Fortunately, the techniques needed to describe the propagation of linear wave perturbations in a particular equilibrium configuration of a plasma are straightforward and can be amply illustrated by studying a few simple cases. In this section, we shall follow this course by restricting our attention ...
... Fortunately, the techniques needed to describe the propagation of linear wave perturbations in a particular equilibrium configuration of a plasma are straightforward and can be amply illustrated by studying a few simple cases. In this section, we shall follow this course by restricting our attention ...
Negative Ion Sources Penning and Magnetron
... nitrogen and the noble elements) have a negative electron affinity, which means that they cannot form stable negative ions. Both magnetron and Penning ion sources have been used to produce H− and D− ions as well as other heavy negative ions, such as O−, B−, C−, etc. H− ions are the most commonly pro ...
... nitrogen and the noble elements) have a negative electron affinity, which means that they cannot form stable negative ions. Both magnetron and Penning ion sources have been used to produce H− and D− ions as well as other heavy negative ions, such as O−, B−, C−, etc. H− ions are the most commonly pro ...
New Mechanism of Pulsar Radio Emission
... assumption. The third difficulty is related to the nature of the wave generation. Most authors have concentrated on resonant excitation of parallel (to the magnetic field) propagating modes (Langmuir waves) [4,11–13], where it is widely believed that there is a sharp maximum of the growth rate. Grow ...
... assumption. The third difficulty is related to the nature of the wave generation. Most authors have concentrated on resonant excitation of parallel (to the magnetic field) propagating modes (Langmuir waves) [4,11–13], where it is widely believed that there is a sharp maximum of the growth rate. Grow ...
Kein Folientitel
... Wave energy stays at the locale of generation and accumulates; amplifies there with time of growth. • Convective instability: Wave energy is transported out of excitation site and disperses; amplifies only over that distance where growth rate is positive. ...
... Wave energy stays at the locale of generation and accumulates; amplifies there with time of growth. • Convective instability: Wave energy is transported out of excitation site and disperses; amplifies only over that distance where growth rate is positive. ...
PROTO-SPHERA is an experiment containing a
... through a an almost "skin" toroidal current. This can be justified as, before the onset of the nuclear heating, all the power and all the particles would be input into the ST by helicity injection through its boundary, and thereafter carried to the central magnetic axis by magnetic relaxations. This ...
... through a an almost "skin" toroidal current. This can be justified as, before the onset of the nuclear heating, all the power and all the particles would be input into the ST by helicity injection through its boundary, and thereafter carried to the central magnetic axis by magnetic relaxations. This ...
Global Magnetospheric Plasma Convection Stefan Eriksson
... as measured by the low-altitude polar orbiting Astrid-2 and FAST satellites. The major focus is on the electric field measurements, but they are also complemented by magnetic field, ion and electron particle data, which is fundamental for the understanding of the electrodynamics of the high-latitude ...
... as measured by the low-altitude polar orbiting Astrid-2 and FAST satellites. The major focus is on the electric field measurements, but they are also complemented by magnetic field, ion and electron particle data, which is fundamental for the understanding of the electrodynamics of the high-latitude ...
A relativistic beam-plasma system with electromagnetic waves
... ei共v0·k−k兲t. In this case the resonant condition 共9兲 cannot be satisfied, because the phase velocity of the electromagnetic ...
... ei共v0·k−k兲t. In this case the resonant condition 共9兲 cannot be satisfied, because the phase velocity of the electromagnetic ...
Langmuir Probe Diagnostics
... Probe diagnostic techniques permit to determine the density of charged particles Ne, the electron temperature Te and the plasma potential pl. Usually the electronic part of the probe characteristic is used. It is convenient this part of the characteristics to be presented in semi-logarithmic scale ...
... Probe diagnostic techniques permit to determine the density of charged particles Ne, the electron temperature Te and the plasma potential pl. Usually the electronic part of the probe characteristic is used. It is convenient this part of the characteristics to be presented in semi-logarithmic scale ...
Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 4108
... normal to the target surface. The results are found to depend on a plasma scale length and for a high laser-contrast case can be explained by the “vacuum heating” mechanism at a sharp interface due to the Brunel effect [16] or the v 3 B Lorentz force [17]. In previously reported experimental studies ...
... normal to the target surface. The results are found to depend on a plasma scale length and for a high laser-contrast case can be explained by the “vacuum heating” mechanism at a sharp interface due to the Brunel effect [16] or the v 3 B Lorentz force [17]. In previously reported experimental studies ...
Space plasma physics (2012) T. Wiegelmann
... Electromagnetic forces The motion of charged particles in space is determined by the electrostatic Coulomb force and magnetic Lorentz force: ...
... Electromagnetic forces The motion of charged particles in space is determined by the electrostatic Coulomb force and magnetic Lorentz force: ...
Residual dust charges in discharge afterglow
... for more than one minute after plasma extinction and in both cases when the function generator was switched on during the disharge or few seconds after the discharge is turned off. As it can be seen in Fig.4, there are dust particles falling after the discharge is switched off. These particles are t ...
... for more than one minute after plasma extinction and in both cases when the function generator was switched on during the disharge or few seconds after the discharge is turned off. As it can be seen in Fig.4, there are dust particles falling after the discharge is switched off. These particles are t ...
Magnetic field penetration and electron heating in weakly
... axially into the plasma, is convected radially out of the plasma and a part is dissipated. The dissipated energy becomes electron thermal energy that is convected away out of the plasma as well. In our model we have made severalsimplifying assumptions. The ion motion, the electron inertia, heat cond ...
... axially into the plasma, is convected radially out of the plasma and a part is dissipated. The dissipated energy becomes electron thermal energy that is convected away out of the plasma as well. In our model we have made severalsimplifying assumptions. The ion motion, the electron inertia, heat cond ...
Diffraction of dust acoustic waves by a circular cylinder (Physics of
... mass and charge number, respectively.18 The momentum equations for the neutral gas and dusty plasmas can be expressed in the similar form to Eq. 共2兲 because the term containing the wave electric potential can be written in terms of the density perturbation, n, since for low-frequency DA waves, both ...
... mass and charge number, respectively.18 The momentum equations for the neutral gas and dusty plasmas can be expressed in the similar form to Eq. 共2兲 because the term containing the wave electric potential can be written in terms of the density perturbation, n, since for low-frequency DA waves, both ...
Calculations of neutron energy spectra from fast ion reactions in
... The DT reaction releases more energy and has a higher cross section at lower energies (see figure 1.2), which makes this reaction the most promising for a fusion power plant. However, tritium is radioactive and consequently cumbersome to handle, and a lot of research is therefore carried out using t ...
... The DT reaction releases more energy and has a higher cross section at lower energies (see figure 1.2), which makes this reaction the most promising for a fusion power plant. However, tritium is radioactive and consequently cumbersome to handle, and a lot of research is therefore carried out using t ...
USING STANDARD SYSTE - The University of Iowa
... Laboratory dusty plasmas have recently proven to be useful in studying strongly coupled plasmas, plasma-dust interactions, and solid-liquid phase transitions. The dust particles are highly charged due to collection of plasma electrons and ions and strongly repel one another. Clouds of such particles ...
... Laboratory dusty plasmas have recently proven to be useful in studying strongly coupled plasmas, plasma-dust interactions, and solid-liquid phase transitions. The dust particles are highly charged due to collection of plasma electrons and ions and strongly repel one another. Clouds of such particles ...
Kein Folientitel
... Wave energy stays at the locale of generation and accumulates; amplifies there with time of growth • Convective instability: Wave energy is transported out of excitation site and disperses; amplifies only over that distance where growth rate is positive ...
... Wave energy stays at the locale of generation and accumulates; amplifies there with time of growth • Convective instability: Wave energy is transported out of excitation site and disperses; amplifies only over that distance where growth rate is positive ...
Self-Consistent Modeling of Nonlocal Inductively Coupled Plasmas
... simpler, and can be effectively integrated using a desktop computer. This is important for analyzing engineering applications of discharge plasmas. Another benefit of fast kinetic modeling is gaining thorough insight in the discharge behavior, and this is not easily available through direct numerica ...
... simpler, and can be effectively integrated using a desktop computer. This is important for analyzing engineering applications of discharge plasmas. Another benefit of fast kinetic modeling is gaining thorough insight in the discharge behavior, and this is not easily available through direct numerica ...
Space Plasma Physics - International Space Science Institute
... magnetosphere, the magnetopause, is not an impenetrable boundary for solarwind plasma. Direct measurements of solar-wind plasma transport across the magnetopause are, however, exceedingly difficult to make because the plasma flow and the magnetic field are essentially directed tangential to the magn ...
... magnetosphere, the magnetopause, is not an impenetrable boundary for solarwind plasma. Direct measurements of solar-wind plasma transport across the magnetopause are, however, exceedingly difficult to make because the plasma flow and the magnetic field are essentially directed tangential to the magn ...
Numerical Investigation of Corona Plasma Region in Negative Wire
... conventional Kaptzov’s hypothesis, a boundary condition for the charge density was suggested as a function of applied voltage. When the computation model and the charge boundary condition above were applied to previous experiments, the results showed good agreements with the experimental data. The e ...
... conventional Kaptzov’s hypothesis, a boundary condition for the charge density was suggested as a function of applied voltage. When the computation model and the charge boundary condition above were applied to previous experiments, the results showed good agreements with the experimental data. The e ...
Plasma wave mediated attractive potentials: a prerequisite for
... naked electric charges are confined to Debye spheres of radius λD by the collective effect of the many particles of opposite charge passing around at their average tangential speeds within radial distances r . λD . The geometric shape of the Debye spheres is very close to a sphere, deviating from it ...
... naked electric charges are confined to Debye spheres of radius λD by the collective effect of the many particles of opposite charge passing around at their average tangential speeds within radial distances r . λD . The geometric shape of the Debye spheres is very close to a sphere, deviating from it ...
Sensitivity Studies of Silicon Etching in Chlorine
... Spatially averaged or zero-dimensional 共0D兲 reactor models have become common for plasma systems.1,4–6 Their major advantage lies in the small computational demands for solving the conservation equations of the system, allowing one to analyze the effects of model assumptions or to determine the infl ...
... Spatially averaged or zero-dimensional 共0D兲 reactor models have become common for plasma systems.1,4–6 Their major advantage lies in the small computational demands for solving the conservation equations of the system, allowing one to analyze the effects of model assumptions or to determine the infl ...
magnetospheres of the outer planets
... Such was the state of affairs in early 1979, a few weeks before the Voyager 1 encounter with Jupiter, when I heard from L. J. Lanzerotti, a Voyager team member at AT&T Bell Laboratories. He told me that the Voyager ultraviolet spectrometer was finding abundant sulfur and oxygen ions in the Jovian ma ...
... Such was the state of affairs in early 1979, a few weeks before the Voyager 1 encounter with Jupiter, when I heard from L. J. Lanzerotti, a Voyager team member at AT&T Bell Laboratories. He told me that the Voyager ultraviolet spectrometer was finding abundant sulfur and oxygen ions in the Jovian ma ...
Harmonic Generation - Dipartimento di Fisica
... W j E Since the velocity v and the current density j oscillate at the frequency of the electric field E, the work W and consequently the electron temperature Te will oscillate at frequency 2 and the total collision frequency (Te) will be modulated also at frequency 2. Then we expect that, ...
... W j E Since the velocity v and the current density j oscillate at the frequency of the electric field E, the work W and consequently the electron temperature Te will oscillate at frequency 2 and the total collision frequency (Te) will be modulated also at frequency 2. Then we expect that, ...
Hydrodynamic instability of one-dimensional electron flow in
... Electronic mail: [email protected] ...
... Electronic mail: [email protected] ...
Related Solved Problems and Other Problems
... The table in question indicates that the dipole magnetic pressure at Mercury’s dayside magnetopause is approximately proportional to (ignoring dipole tilt effects) [MM /(1.4RM )3 ]2 (i.e. the magnetic pressure is proportional to the square of the expected field strength). Here MM is Mercury’s magnet ...
... The table in question indicates that the dipole magnetic pressure at Mercury’s dayside magnetopause is approximately proportional to (ignoring dipole tilt effects) [MM /(1.4RM )3 ]2 (i.e. the magnetic pressure is proportional to the square of the expected field strength). Here MM is Mercury’s magnet ...
Plasma (physics)
Plasma (from Greek πλάσμα, ""anything formed"") is one of the four fundamental states of matter, the others being solid, liquid, and gas. A plasma has properties unlike those of the other states.A plasma can be created by heating a gas or subjecting it to a strong electromagnetic field applied with a laser or microwave generator. This decreases or increases the number of electrons, creating positive or negative charged particles called ions, and is accompanied by the dissociation of molecular bonds, if present.The presence of a significant number of charge carriers makes plasma electrically conductive so that it responds strongly to electromagnetic fields. Like gas, plasma does not have a definite shape or a definite volume unless enclosed in a container. Unlike gas, under the influence of a magnetic field, it may form structures such as filaments, beams and double layers.Plasma is the most abundant form of ordinary matter in the Universe (the only matter known to exist for sure, the more abundant dark matter is hypothetical and may or may not be explained by ordinary matter), most of which is in the rarefied intergalactic regions, particularly the intracluster medium, and in stars, including the Sun. A common form of plasmas on Earth is seen in neon signs.Much of the understanding of plasmas has come from the pursuit of controlled nuclear fusion and fusion power, for which plasma physics provides the scientific basis.