Major impacts of climate change on deep
... realm in terms of water column oxygenation, temperature, pH and food supply, with concomitant impacts on deep-sea ecosystems. Projections suggest that abyssal (3000–6000 m) ocean temperatures could increase by 1°C over the next 84 years, while abyssal seafloor habitats under areas of deep-water form ...
... realm in terms of water column oxygenation, temperature, pH and food supply, with concomitant impacts on deep-sea ecosystems. Projections suggest that abyssal (3000–6000 m) ocean temperatures could increase by 1°C over the next 84 years, while abyssal seafloor habitats under areas of deep-water form ...
STANDING CROP AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF
... related different measurements of standing crop to primary productivity and to phytoplankton-zooplankton relationships (Wright, 1958, 1959; Riley, Stormnel, and Bumpus, 1949; Odum and Smalley, 1959; Teal, · 1962). ...
... related different measurements of standing crop to primary productivity and to phytoplankton-zooplankton relationships (Wright, 1958, 1959; Riley, Stormnel, and Bumpus, 1949; Odum and Smalley, 1959; Teal, · 1962). ...
Summary Report - UNESDOC
... particular, he highlighted the great success of the 9th WESTPAC International Scientific Symposium. The overwhelming number of participants and presentations demonstrated the great achievement of WESTPAC in marine science cooperation over the past years. He expressed his pride in serving as the Chai ...
... particular, he highlighted the great success of the 9th WESTPAC International Scientific Symposium. The overwhelming number of participants and presentations demonstrated the great achievement of WESTPAC in marine science cooperation over the past years. He expressed his pride in serving as the Chai ...
Impact of climate change on Antarctic krill
... likely to be between 0.50 and 1.25°C warmer in 2100 than at present. In winter, SSTs are likely to range between up to 1.00°C warmer or −0.25°C cooler than they are at present, with inherent regional variability. Significant warming (0.75 to almost 2.00°C in all seasons) is predicted at the surface ...
... likely to be between 0.50 and 1.25°C warmer in 2100 than at present. In winter, SSTs are likely to range between up to 1.00°C warmer or −0.25°C cooler than they are at present, with inherent regional variability. Significant warming (0.75 to almost 2.00°C in all seasons) is predicted at the surface ...
The jellyfish joyride
... and others do not, and find that the trigger is often overexploitation of a dominant small zooplanktivorous fish in a situation where a similar small filter-feeding fish replacement is not available. Eutrophication Coastal eutrophication encourages phytoplankton blooms that can ultimately lead to je ...
... and others do not, and find that the trigger is often overexploitation of a dominant small zooplanktivorous fish in a situation where a similar small filter-feeding fish replacement is not available. Eutrophication Coastal eutrophication encourages phytoplankton blooms that can ultimately lead to je ...
The jellyfish joyride - UNAM
... and others do not, and find that the trigger is often overexploitation of a dominant small zooplanktivorous fish in a situation where a similar small filter-feeding fish replacement is not available. Eutrophication Coastal eutrophication encourages phytoplankton blooms that can ultimately lead to je ...
... and others do not, and find that the trigger is often overexploitation of a dominant small zooplanktivorous fish in a situation where a similar small filter-feeding fish replacement is not available. Eutrophication Coastal eutrophication encourages phytoplankton blooms that can ultimately lead to je ...
Decade-long soil nitrogen constraint on the CO fertilization of plant biomass LETTERS *
... CO2 levels and associated climate warming1 . However, the CO2 fertilization of plant biomass may be sensitive to nitrogen supply2–4 . Herein we show that in the latest decade of a long-term perennial grassland experiment, low ambient soil nitrogen availability constrained the positive response of pl ...
... CO2 levels and associated climate warming1 . However, the CO2 fertilization of plant biomass may be sensitive to nitrogen supply2–4 . Herein we show that in the latest decade of a long-term perennial grassland experiment, low ambient soil nitrogen availability constrained the positive response of pl ...
Influence of dynamic vegetation on climate change and terrestrial
... Thus in MIROC-LPJ, MATSIRO is able to work if a vegetation type is given in a grid cell whether it is from LPJ-DGVM or not. We can also choose a specific prescribed vegetation distribution instead of coupling LPJ-DGVM (this kind of experiment is noted as fixed vegetation in Sect. 3.1). The original ...
... Thus in MIROC-LPJ, MATSIRO is able to work if a vegetation type is given in a grid cell whether it is from LPJ-DGVM or not. We can also choose a specific prescribed vegetation distribution instead of coupling LPJ-DGVM (this kind of experiment is noted as fixed vegetation in Sect. 3.1). The original ...
Climatic variation alters supply-side ecology
... recruitment at up to 10 sites along 320 km of coast in a rocky intertidal ecosystem, we examined the influence of climatic variation at 3–7 year (El Niño-Southern Oscillation [ENSO]), 7–10 year (North Pacific Gyre Oscillation [NPGO]), and 20þ year (Pacific Decadal Oscillation [PDO]) timescales. Phytop ...
... recruitment at up to 10 sites along 320 km of coast in a rocky intertidal ecosystem, we examined the influence of climatic variation at 3–7 year (El Niño-Southern Oscillation [ENSO]), 7–10 year (North Pacific Gyre Oscillation [NPGO]), and 20þ year (Pacific Decadal Oscillation [PDO]) timescales. Phytop ...
Here - Permafrost Carbon Network
... range of individual synthesis products produced by the Permafrost Carbon Network. The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society paper (Koven et al. 2015) combines a number of individual synthesis products with Earth System Model projections of future climate and permafrost thaw. The Permafrost ...
... range of individual synthesis products produced by the Permafrost Carbon Network. The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society paper (Koven et al. 2015) combines a number of individual synthesis products with Earth System Model projections of future climate and permafrost thaw. The Permafrost ...
et al. - Squarespace
... opportunity to characterize the spatial and temporal scales of OMZ change. Here we investigate OMZ expansion through the global-scale warming event of the most recent deglaciation (18-11 ka), an event with clear relevance to understanding modern anthropogenic climate change. Deglacial marine sedimen ...
... opportunity to characterize the spatial and temporal scales of OMZ change. Here we investigate OMZ expansion through the global-scale warming event of the most recent deglaciation (18-11 ka), an event with clear relevance to understanding modern anthropogenic climate change. Deglacial marine sedimen ...
Microsoft Word - geoadv070108_2.doc
... Figure 3. Calcium carbonate in the sediment impacts the capacity of the ocean to sequester CO2, and may act as an important regulator of atmospheric CO2 on glacial – interglacial time scales. The driving force for calcite dissolution and thus the percentage of calcite in the sediment, as a function ...
... Figure 3. Calcium carbonate in the sediment impacts the capacity of the ocean to sequester CO2, and may act as an important regulator of atmospheric CO2 on glacial – interglacial time scales. The driving force for calcite dissolution and thus the percentage of calcite in the sediment, as a function ...
Tropical phytoplankton species and pigments of continental shelf
... Division of Fisheries Research, CSIRO Marine Laboratories,G.P.O. Box 1538, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia ...
... Division of Fisheries Research, CSIRO Marine Laboratories,G.P.O. Box 1538, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia ...
www.permafrostcarbon.org - Arctic Research Consortium of the
... range of individual synthesis products produced by the Permafrost Carbon Network. The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society paper (Koven et al. 2015) combines a number of individual synthesis products with Earth System Model projections of future climate and permafrost thaw. The Permafrost ...
... range of individual synthesis products produced by the Permafrost Carbon Network. The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society paper (Koven et al. 2015) combines a number of individual synthesis products with Earth System Model projections of future climate and permafrost thaw. The Permafrost ...
P R I M A R Y M... S T U D I E S U...
... solar radiation from the formed cloud, and thus lead to a climate cooling. Assuming that the amount of water in the cloud is not altered by the increase of CCN, the decrease in mean radius of the cloud droplets and the more narrow cloud droplet size distribution results in lower precipitation effici ...
... solar radiation from the formed cloud, and thus lead to a climate cooling. Assuming that the amount of water in the cloud is not altered by the increase of CCN, the decrease in mean radius of the cloud droplets and the more narrow cloud droplet size distribution results in lower precipitation effici ...
Abrupt rise in atmospheric CO2 at the onset of the Bølling/Allerød: in
... (terrestrial or marine) the carbon might have been by comparing the simulated and measured atmospheric δ 13 CO2 fingerprint during the carbon release event. Similar approaches (identifying processes based on their δ 13 C signature) were applied earlier for the discussion of the atmospheric δ 13 CO2 ...
... (terrestrial or marine) the carbon might have been by comparing the simulated and measured atmospheric δ 13 CO2 fingerprint during the carbon release event. Similar approaches (identifying processes based on their δ 13 C signature) were applied earlier for the discussion of the atmospheric δ 13 CO2 ...
Response and potential of agroforestry crops under global change
... day. Usually the simulation of one factor at a time or two–three factors combined is done. An exception is the Jasper Ridge Experiment where four factors (CO2, temperature, water, nutrients) were varied in a full factorial design (Shaw et al., 2002) on a grassland community. Single-factor responses ...
... day. Usually the simulation of one factor at a time or two–three factors combined is done. An exception is the Jasper Ridge Experiment where four factors (CO2, temperature, water, nutrients) were varied in a full factorial design (Shaw et al., 2002) on a grassland community. Single-factor responses ...
Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO: annual
... temperature rise to 2 degrees C. In a changing world, IOC has nevertheless striven to address climate from several angles – governance, science, observations, and capacity-development. The Ministerial Round table at the 35th UNESCO General Conference (Nov 2009, Paris) addressed Oceans and Climate ch ...
... temperature rise to 2 degrees C. In a changing world, IOC has nevertheless striven to address climate from several angles – governance, science, observations, and capacity-development. The Ministerial Round table at the 35th UNESCO General Conference (Nov 2009, Paris) addressed Oceans and Climate ch ...
Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO: annual
... temperature rise to 2 degrees C. In a changing world, IOC has nevertheless striven to address climate from several angles – governance, science, observations, and capacity-development. The Ministerial Round table at the 35th UNESCO General Conference (Nov 2009, Paris) addressed Oceans and Climate ch ...
... temperature rise to 2 degrees C. In a changing world, IOC has nevertheless striven to address climate from several angles – governance, science, observations, and capacity-development. The Ministerial Round table at the 35th UNESCO General Conference (Nov 2009, Paris) addressed Oceans and Climate ch ...
Geoengineering: Governance and Technology Policy
... If there is government oversight, who should be responsible for it? ...
... If there is government oversight, who should be responsible for it? ...
Did high Neo-Tethys subduction rates contribute to early Cenozoic
... et al. (2011a). Because Cretaceous-Cenozoic intra-Eurasian shortening north of the African-Arabian plate is limited to perhaps 200 km and focused in the late Cenozoic (e.g., Mouthereau, 2011; McQuarrie and van Hinsbergen, 2013), we considered Africa/Arabia-Eurasia convergence rates as subduction rat ...
... et al. (2011a). Because Cretaceous-Cenozoic intra-Eurasian shortening north of the African-Arabian plate is limited to perhaps 200 km and focused in the late Cenozoic (e.g., Mouthereau, 2011; McQuarrie and van Hinsbergen, 2013), we considered Africa/Arabia-Eurasia convergence rates as subduction rat ...
ABSTRACT
... and drier climate patterns over tropical land associated with El Niño. The combined affect of these forcings causes substantial carbon flux into the atmosphere. A unique ...
... and drier climate patterns over tropical land associated with El Niño. The combined affect of these forcings causes substantial carbon flux into the atmosphere. A unique ...
Climate Variability and Sub
... Introduction to the Symposium On behalf of the Scientific Steering Committee, the local Organizing Committee, and our sponsors, we would like to welcome you to Victoria and this GLOBEC Symposium on Climate Variability and Sub-Arctic Marine Ecosystems. This represents the “kick off” activity of the n ...
... Introduction to the Symposium On behalf of the Scientific Steering Committee, the local Organizing Committee, and our sponsors, we would like to welcome you to Victoria and this GLOBEC Symposium on Climate Variability and Sub-Arctic Marine Ecosystems. This represents the “kick off” activity of the n ...
IPCC WGII AR5 Chapter 6 FIRST-‐ORDER DRAFT Expert Review
... GENERAL COMMENTS TO CHAP. 6 The chap. 6 – Oceans is a very long, extensive and detailed analysis of the effects of climate Thank you for your strong support. We agree on the added value change ...
... GENERAL COMMENTS TO CHAP. 6 The chap. 6 – Oceans is a very long, extensive and detailed analysis of the effects of climate Thank you for your strong support. We agree on the added value change ...
Carbon cycle modelling and the residence time of natural
... equilibrium, this reservoir does not immediately control a sudden eruption of the gas such as has occurred this century. It will be hundreds or perhaps thousands of years before the sea absorbs its fair share." Callendar believed that nearly all the CO2 produced by fossil fuel combustion has remaine ...
... equilibrium, this reservoir does not immediately control a sudden eruption of the gas such as has occurred this century. It will be hundreds or perhaps thousands of years before the sea absorbs its fair share." Callendar believed that nearly all the CO2 produced by fossil fuel combustion has remaine ...
Iron fertilization
Iron fertilization is the intentional introduction of iron to the upper ocean to stimulate a phytoplankton bloom. This is intended to enhance biological productivity, which can benefit the marine food chain and is under investigation in hopes of increasing carbon dioxide removal from the atmosphere. Iron is a trace element necessary for photosynthesis in all plants. It is highly insoluble in sea water and is often the limiting nutrient for phytoplankton growth. Large algal blooms can be created by supplying iron to iron-deficient ocean waters.A number of ocean labs, scientists and businesses are exploring fertilization as a means to sequester atmospheric carbon dioxide in the deep ocean, and to increase marine biological productivity which is likely in decline as a result of climate change. Since 1993, thirteen international research teams have completed ocean trials demonstrating that phytoplankton blooms can be stimulated by iron addition. However, controversy remains over the effectiveness of atmospheric CO2 sequestration and ecological effects. The most recent open ocean trials of ocean iron fertilization were in 2009 (January to March) in the South Atlantic by project Lohafex, and in July 2012 in the North Pacific off the coast of British Columbia, Canada, by the Haida Salmon Restoration Corporation (HSRC).Fertilization also occurs naturally when upwellings bring nutrient-rich water to the surface, as occurs when ocean currents meet an ocean bank or a sea mount. This form of fertilization produces the world's largest marine habitats. Fertilization can also occur when weather carries wind blown dust long distances over the ocean, or iron-rich minerals are carried into the ocean by glaciers, rivers and icebergs.