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Academic Freedom in Canada, the Stephen Harper Government
Academic Freedom in Canada, the Stephen Harper Government

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Integrated Assessment - Jeroen van der Sluijs
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... model led to the belief that integrated modeling would be the optimal way to interface science with policy, regarding environmental issues. Consequently it is not surprising that IAMs were developed all over the world. For the climate issue more than 50 IAMs coexist (Van der Sluijs, 1997). Looking b ...
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... that we humans have any effect on the climate. The debate sometimes descends into trench warfare, where nuances are not tolerated. Hence the need to better differentiate between natural and anthropogenic climate change arises. This has now been accomplished through comparison of geological studies o ...
KKF a 3/03 - Tidsskrift.dk
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Volume 5, Number 4 - AGU Atmospheric Sciences Section
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esg: the paris accord on climate change

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Anno-bib How do plants and animals adapt to

... animals shrink in size because of climate change such as toads, and may lead to other animals having to shrink in size in order to adapt to their environment. They also provide fossil evidence from 56 million years ago that species from a long time ago such as beetles, ants, and cicadas have shrunk ...
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Climate change denial

Climate change denial, or global warming denial, involves denial, dismissal, or unwarranted doubt about the scientific consensus on the rate and extent of global warming, the extent to which it is caused by humans, its impacts on nature and human society, or the potential for human actions to reduce these impacts. Climate change skepticism and climate change denial form an overlapping range of views, and generally have the same characteristics; both reject to a greater or lesser extent current scientific opinion on climate change. Climate change denial can also be implicit, when individuals or social groups accept the science but divert their attention to less difficult topics rather than take action. Several social science studies have analyzed these positions as forms of denialism.In the global warming controversy, campaigning to undermine public trust in climate science has been described as a ""denial machine"" of industrial, political and ideological interests, supported by conservative media and skeptical bloggers in manufacturing uncertainty about global warming. In the public debate, phrases such as climate skepticism have frequently been used with the same meaning as climate denialism. The labels are contested: those actively challenging climate science commonly describe themselves as ""skeptics"", but many do not comply with scientific skepticism and, regardless of evidence, continue to deny the validity of human caused global warming.Although there is a scientific consensus that human activity is the primary driver of climate change, the politics of global warming has been impacted by climate change denial, hindering efforts to prevent climate change and adapt to the warming climate. Typically, public debate on climate change denial may have the appearance of legitimate scientific discourse, but does not conform to scientific principles.Organised campaigning to undermine public trust in climate science is associated with conservative economic policies and backed by industrial interests opposed to the regulation of CO2 emissions. Climate change denial has been associated with the fossil fuels lobby, the Koch brothers, industry advocates and libertarian think tanks, often in the United States. Between 2002 and 2010, nearly $120 million (£77 million) was anonymously donated, some by conservative billionaires via the Donors Trust and Donors Capital Fund, to more than 100 organizations seeking to undermine the public perception of the science on climate change. In 2013 the Center for Media and Democracy reported that the State Policy Network (SPN), an umbrella group of 64 U.S. think tanks, had been lobbying on behalf of major corporations and conservative donors to oppose climate change regulation.
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