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Biomolecules in water and water in biomolecules
Biomolecules in water and water in biomolecules

... We have been developing a new theory for the molecular recognition by protein based on the statistical mechanics of liquids, or the 3D-RISM/RISM theory. The theory has demonstrated its amazing capability of “predicting” the process from the frist principle. [1] However, what we have investigated so ...
Figure S1. - BioMed Central
Figure S1. - BioMed Central

... SUPPLEMENTARY FIGURES ...
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... dividing or activated. The macrophage is a cell that is waiting to be activated by external stimuli, therefore, unless the cell is exposed to activating factors, we expect that many (if not majority) of the signaling pathways based on phosphorylation or de-phosphorylation are at the lowest activity. ...
Coomassie Blue R-250 (SureStain)
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mcnair 2003 poster template
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Protein Requirements for Good Nutrition
Protein Requirements for Good Nutrition

... This is where the hard part comes in. You now have two choices. The first is to buy a reputable quality brand of dog food for the activity level of your dog and hope that its needs are being met. This is what most owners do and the average dog does just fine. But if you have a dog with special prote ...
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Protein mass spectrometry



Protein mass spectrometry refers to the application of mass spectrometry to the study of proteins. Mass spectrometry is an important emerging method for the characterization of proteins. The two primary methods for ionization of whole proteins are electrospray ionization (ESI) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI). In keeping with the performance and mass range of available mass spectrometers, two approaches are used for characterizing proteins. In the first, intact proteins are ionized by either of the two techniques described above, and then introduced to a mass analyzer. This approach is referred to as ""top-down"" strategy of protein analysis. In the second, proteins are enzymatically digested into smaller peptides using a protease such as trypsin. Subsequently these peptides are introduced into the mass spectrometer and identified by peptide mass fingerprinting or tandem mass spectrometry. Hence, this latter approach (also called ""bottom-up"" proteomics) uses identification at the peptide level to infer the existence of proteins.Whole protein mass analysis is primarily conducted using either time-of-flight (TOF) MS, or Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR). These two types of instrument are preferable here because of their wide mass range, and in the case of FT-ICR, its high mass accuracy. Mass analysis of proteolytic peptides is a much more popular method of protein characterization, as cheaper instrument designs can be used for characterization. Additionally, sample preparation is easier once whole proteins have been digested into smaller peptide fragments. The most widely used instrument for peptide mass analysis are the MALDI time-of-flight instruments as they permit the acquisition of peptide mass fingerprints (PMFs) at high pace (1 PMF can be analyzed in approx. 10 sec). Multiple stage quadrupole-time-of-flight and the quadrupole ion trap also find use in this application.
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