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An Integration of Mitigation and Adaptation Options for Sustainable Livestock Production under Climate Change
An Integration of Mitigation and Adaptation Options for Sustainable Livestock Production under Climate Change

... Reduce uncertainties concerning GHG emissions from livestock systems. Include climate variability as part of impact assessment. Develop cutting-edge technologies for mitigation and adaptation to climate change. Assess economic and societal costs of business as usual and of adaptation and mitigation ...
UN Panel: Climate Change Accelerating
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... Mr. Ban called on the United States and China to play a more constructive role. His challenge to the world’s two greatest greenhouse gas emitters came just two weeks before the world’s energy ministers meet in Bali, Indonesia, to begin talks on creating a global climate treaty to replace the Kyoto P ...
Climate change and cities: the IPCC case for action
Climate change and cities: the IPCC case for action

... this kind of measures, if well designed, can also have positive effects on emission reductions); • including measures to reduce vulnerability in existing disaster risk reduction strategies. But adaptation alone is not expected to cope with all the projected effects of climate change, and especially ...
Challenges for the Baltic Sea region
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... • Daily choices & outspoken demands on companies and politicians globally will decide how our climate fares. • WE HAVE about 2,850 days, or 97 months, to save the planet. That is when, according to "doomsday climate experts", we will go beyond the climate's "tipping point". A point where it is no lo ...
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Economics of global warming

There are a number of policies that governments might consider in response to global warming. The assessment of such policies involves the economics of global warming.Global warming is a long-term problem. One of the most important greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide. Around 20% of carbon dioxide which is emitted due to human activities can remain in the atmosphere for many thousands of years. The long time scales and uncertainty associated with global warming have led analysts to develop ""scenarios"" of future environmental, social and economic changes. These scenarios can help governments understand the potential consequences of their decisions.The impacts of climate change include the loss of biodiversity, sea level rise, increased frequency and severity of some extreme weather events, and acidification of the oceans. Economists have attempted to quantify these impacts in monetary terms, but these assessments can be controversial.The two main policy responses to global warming are to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and to adapt to the impacts of global warming (e.g., by building levees in response to sea level rise). Another policy response which has recently received greater attention is geoengineering of the climate system (e.g. injecting aerosols into the atmosphere to reflect sunlight away from the Earth's surface).One of the responses to the uncertainties of global warming is to adopt a strategy of sequential decision making. This strategy recognizes that decisions on global warming need to be made with incomplete information, and that decisions in the near term will have potentially long-term impacts. Governments might choose to use risk management as part of their policy response to global warming. For instance, a risk-based approach can be applied to climate impacts which are difficult to quantify in economic terms, e.g., the impacts of global warming on indigenous peoples.Analysts have assessed global warming in relation to sustainable development. Sustainable development considers how future generations might be affected by the actions of the current generation. In some areas, policies designed to address global warming may contribute positively towards other development objectives. In other areas, the cost of global warming policies may divert resources away from other socially and environmentally beneficial investments (the opportunity costs of climate change policy).
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