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1 CV KAREN L. O`BRIEN Department of Sociology and Human
1 CV KAREN L. O`BRIEN Department of Sociology and Human

... Hayward, B. and K. L. O’Brien. 2010. Security of What, for Whom? Rethinking Social Contracts in a Changing Climate. In K. O’Brien, A.L. St. Clair and B. Kristoffersen (editors), Climate Change, Ethics, and Human Security. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 199-214. O’Brien, K.L., A.L. St Cl ...
Key lessons from practitioners` experiences
Key lessons from practitioners` experiences

... targets and performance indicators established in the implementation phase. Monitoring can provide an early warning of trends or a new problem which needs to be addressed. This stage should also be used to obtain updated information on climate changes to factor into the planning process. Evaluation ...
How We Should Be Thinking About Food and Climate
How We Should Be Thinking About Food and Climate

... I. THE FOOD SECTOR’S CONTRIBUTION TO CLIMATE CHANGE: “FOOD MILES” IN A LARGER CONTEXT A. Food’s Slice of the Global Greenhouse Gas Pie Food production, mainly agriculture, contributes a major share of greenhouse emissions. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) estimated that global gr ...
Full-Text PDF
Full-Text PDF

... future climate change. Ramming et al. (2010) [9] even argue that human induced climate changes may induce increased biomass in the Amazon forest that is due to the CO2 fertilization effect. As discussed by [5,6,10–16], assessing the seasonal and spatial variation of thermodynamic fluxes is mandatory ...
The Northern Edge Study Guide: Climate Change
The Northern Edge Study Guide: Climate Change

... said some very interesting things. Jim: What did he say? Sara: He said that in the past the weather was very predictable. Our Elders and hunters knew where to go to harvest what they needed and they knew how to get there safely. This is part of what is called traditional knowledge and it has been de ...
Mass v. EPA
Mass v. EPA

... U.S. approach could differ from other climate regimes such as in European Union. U.S. regulators are proposing “command and control” approach to reduce GHGs, mandating both specific technology and operational changes to improve energy efficiency across all sectors. ...
a tool to analyze and present large volume of model outputs: ganga
a tool to analyze and present large volume of model outputs: ganga

... Sone have high BOD concentrations of 50% or more in wet, normal and dry year in future Mid century scenario show improvement in water quality in wet, normal and average years due to higher rainfall in mid century ...
Print - Climate Change Knowledge Portal
Print - Climate Change Knowledge Portal

... Temperatures have increased between 0.2 and 0.3°C per decade with a prolonged and hotter dry season The number of warm days increased by 2.5 percent and nights by 1.7 percent, while the number of cold nights and cold days decreased by -2.2 and -2.4 percent per decade Temperature extremes increased b ...
Using Model Hierarchies to Better Understand Past Climate Change* Masa K
Using Model Hierarchies to Better Understand Past Climate Change* Masa K

... that of the mid- and high latitudes for a colder-than-present climate can be interestingly paralleled to the different sensitivities in the case of a warming induced by a higher concentration in greenhouse gases. Palaeoclimate modelling intercomparison project experiments In the framework of PMIP, t ...
2nd Joint International Workshop – June 21st 2004
2nd Joint International Workshop – June 21st 2004

... has now entered the spatial planning arena. Also as a consequence of this change in policy, a new department to look at spatial planning and water management has been established at RIZA – the Department for Spatial Planning and Water Management. Water is divided into a two-tiered system in the Neth ...
1950-2100
1950-2100

... Greece and North Africa will have a more intense heating during 2021-2050 whereas Turkey will have equally intense heating during both periods ...
The social cost of carbon: Valuation estimates and
The social cost of carbon: Valuation estimates and

... 4 The author, Richard Tol, concludes that ‘using standard assumptions about discounting and aggregation, the marginal damage costs of carbon dioxide emissions are unlikely to exceed $50/tC, and are probably much smaller’ 5 It should be noted that such trends may change in future analysis. Two recent ...
False Certainty Or False Uncertainty
False Certainty Or False Uncertainty

... US National Research Council 2010 report Advancing the Science of Climate Change (http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12782 ...
Multi-Basin Modelling of Future Hydrological Fluxes in the Indian
Multi-Basin Modelling of Future Hydrological Fluxes in the Indian

... historical observed statistics to the degree possible [17]. Different approaches to bias correction have been made, with various complexity [18]. Simpler methods include shifting long-term annual or seasonal means to agree with observations whereas more advanced methods include adjustment of the ful ...
Under New Management - Forum for the Future
Under New Management - Forum for the Future

... SRM would reduce the amount of sunlight reaching the Earth by a small amount. It could reduce global warming much more quickly than CDR, and would likely be much cheaper to deploy. However, SRM techniques don’t treat the cause of climate change, would have a much higher risk of unexpected consequenc ...
Climate warming impact on degree
Climate warming impact on degree

... These trends are likely to continue. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the global average temperature will rise between 1.4 and 5.8 K in the 21st century [2,3]. Higher maximum temperatures and more hot days over virtually all land areas are very probable, along with ...
Ecosystem-based Adaptation in Marine and Coastal Ecosystems
Ecosystem-based Adaptation in Marine and Coastal Ecosystems

... dependant communities and threatening those most vulnerable. ...
International emissions schemes update, (pptx
International emissions schemes update, (pptx

...  Over the past 8 years academic studies (top down, and bottom up) show abatement attributable to the EU ETS was around 2-4% of the capped emissions – which is higher than the impact of individual energy policies. However, scarcity of data after the financial crisis in 2008 makes it very difficult t ...
Rapid Climate Change Report
Rapid Climate Change Report

... to prepare now for more severe and more frequent losses as a result of climate change by the middle of the century. For our part, Lloyd’s will continue to review and analyse the latest science as it becomes available, and to invest in new research where needed. One means by which we will do this is ...
Elevation-dependent warming in mountain regions of the world
Elevation-dependent warming in mountain regions of the world

... warming in a critical elevation band. The variable combination of mechanisms may cause contrasting patterns of EDW in different regions. We propose future needs to improve knowledge of mountain temperature trends and their controlling mechanisms through improved observations, use of satellite data, ...
Multi-hazard assessment in Europe under climate change
Multi-hazard assessment in Europe under climate change

... Circulation Model-Regional Climate Model (GCM-RCM) simulations under the A1B emissions scenario (Solomon 2007) (table S1, Supplementary Material). Precipitation and temperature fields utilized in our study as climatic drivers have been bias corrected by the quantile method (Dosio and Paruolo 2011). ...
Final Report Appendix 2d - climate change
Final Report Appendix 2d - climate change

... disciplines (i.e. meteorology, ecology, economic sciences, systems analysis, etc.) should work together closely and without bias (“horizontal integration”), on the other hand all aspects of the relevant problem (from its formulation to proposals for its solution for decision-makers) should equally b ...
Developments - Burges Salmon
Developments - Burges Salmon

...  Over the past 8 years academic studies (top down, and bottom up) show abatement attributable to the EU ETS was around 2-4% of the capped emissions – which is higher than the impact of individual energy policies. However, scarcity of data after the financial crisis in 2008 makes it very difficult t ...
Assessing the adequacy of current fisheries
Assessing the adequacy of current fisheries

... inshore waters took place on the south coast of South Africa during the 1980s/1990s. The EOCH area coincides with what was once the heart of the commercial abalone fishery. The shift in West Coast rock lobster happened during a period of intense illegal fishing of abalone from the mid-1990s on (Hauc ...
Taking Climate Change by Storm: Theorizing Global and Local Policy-Making in
Taking Climate Change by Storm: Theorizing Global and Local Policy-Making in

... “triangle of impossibilities.” This Article hypothesizes that collective action problems account in part for the paradox that policy-makers are least able to effectively respond to the challenge of extreme weather events at the scale where scientific knowledge is the most accurate. A successful poli ...
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Economics of global warming

There are a number of policies that governments might consider in response to global warming. The assessment of such policies involves the economics of global warming.Global warming is a long-term problem. One of the most important greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide. Around 20% of carbon dioxide which is emitted due to human activities can remain in the atmosphere for many thousands of years. The long time scales and uncertainty associated with global warming have led analysts to develop ""scenarios"" of future environmental, social and economic changes. These scenarios can help governments understand the potential consequences of their decisions.The impacts of climate change include the loss of biodiversity, sea level rise, increased frequency and severity of some extreme weather events, and acidification of the oceans. Economists have attempted to quantify these impacts in monetary terms, but these assessments can be controversial.The two main policy responses to global warming are to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and to adapt to the impacts of global warming (e.g., by building levees in response to sea level rise). Another policy response which has recently received greater attention is geoengineering of the climate system (e.g. injecting aerosols into the atmosphere to reflect sunlight away from the Earth's surface).One of the responses to the uncertainties of global warming is to adopt a strategy of sequential decision making. This strategy recognizes that decisions on global warming need to be made with incomplete information, and that decisions in the near term will have potentially long-term impacts. Governments might choose to use risk management as part of their policy response to global warming. For instance, a risk-based approach can be applied to climate impacts which are difficult to quantify in economic terms, e.g., the impacts of global warming on indigenous peoples.Analysts have assessed global warming in relation to sustainable development. Sustainable development considers how future generations might be affected by the actions of the current generation. In some areas, policies designed to address global warming may contribute positively towards other development objectives. In other areas, the cost of global warming policies may divert resources away from other socially and environmentally beneficial investments (the opportunity costs of climate change policy).
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