Efficiently Constraining Climate Sensitivity with Ensembles
... (Houghton et al. 2001), and so we focus primarily on this data set here. Averaging these data first by ocean basin, and then forming an area-weighted global average in the tropics, gives us an estimate of 1.8±0.2°C (at 1 sigma) cooler than the present day. Given that the large Pacific basin shows su ...
... (Houghton et al. 2001), and so we focus primarily on this data set here. Averaging these data first by ocean basin, and then forming an area-weighted global average in the tropics, gives us an estimate of 1.8±0.2°C (at 1 sigma) cooler than the present day. Given that the large Pacific basin shows su ...
Document
... Gloucestershire has a long flood history and it has been recent events such as the summer flooding of 2007, spring flooding of 2012 and winter flooding of 2013/14 that have been most recently notable, in terms of impact (Posthumus et al. 2008, 2009). A farmer postal survey was undertaken during Nove ...
... Gloucestershire has a long flood history and it has been recent events such as the summer flooding of 2007, spring flooding of 2012 and winter flooding of 2013/14 that have been most recently notable, in terms of impact (Posthumus et al. 2008, 2009). A farmer postal survey was undertaken during Nove ...
Chapter 9 Major commercial risks
... If risk selection is so crucial for insurers’ success, are we honestly in a position to distinguish ‘good’ from ‘bad’ natural peril risks? A thorough and detailed risk assessment is essential. Although site surveys by engineers are market practice for the individual risks of a commercial client, the ...
... If risk selection is so crucial for insurers’ success, are we honestly in a position to distinguish ‘good’ from ‘bad’ natural peril risks? A thorough and detailed risk assessment is essential. Although site surveys by engineers are market practice for the individual risks of a commercial client, the ...
Ms. Cassandra Carter Climate Change Intern Ministry of Natural
... deliver critical ecosystem services such as climate regulation (e.g., McLaughlin and Webster 2013) and are both large enough and intact enough to be considerable elements of climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts led by Ontario, particularly MNRF. Yet, MNRF is unable to address the prote ...
... deliver critical ecosystem services such as climate regulation (e.g., McLaughlin and Webster 2013) and are both large enough and intact enough to be considerable elements of climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts led by Ontario, particularly MNRF. Yet, MNRF is unable to address the prote ...
Australian climate change policy: a chronology
... Climate change is a long-term, global problem. Long-term problems generally require stable but flexible policy implementation over time. However, Australia’s commitment to climate action over the past three decades could be seen as inconsistent and lacking in direction. At times Australia has been a ...
... Climate change is a long-term, global problem. Long-term problems generally require stable but flexible policy implementation over time. However, Australia’s commitment to climate action over the past three decades could be seen as inconsistent and lacking in direction. At times Australia has been a ...
Climate Change Adaptation Roadmap
... more often to support civil authorities, and provide humanitarian assistance and disaster relief in the face of more frequent and more intense natural disasters. Our coastal installations are vulnerable to rising sea levels and increased flooding, while droughts, wildfires, and more extreme temperat ...
... more often to support civil authorities, and provide humanitarian assistance and disaster relief in the face of more frequent and more intense natural disasters. Our coastal installations are vulnerable to rising sea levels and increased flooding, while droughts, wildfires, and more extreme temperat ...
Climate Change - Division on Earth and Life Studies
... 3 CO2 is already in the atmosphere naturally, so why are emissions from human activity significant? ....................................................................................................................... 6 4 What role has the Sun played in climate change in recent decades? ......... ...
... 3 CO2 is already in the atmosphere naturally, so why are emissions from human activity significant? ....................................................................................................................... 6 4 What role has the Sun played in climate change in recent decades? ......... ...
Annual report 2014
... as climate change progresses. The short-term weather will continue to vary but over time, climate warming will take weather-related variations to whole new levels. Here in Sweden, what we are used to perceiving as extremely warm weather will become more common, extremely cold weather more rare, and ...
... as climate change progresses. The short-term weather will continue to vary but over time, climate warming will take weather-related variations to whole new levels. Here in Sweden, what we are used to perceiving as extremely warm weather will become more common, extremely cold weather more rare, and ...
Flexible_Mechanisms_of_the_Kyoto_Protocol
... Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (hereinafter – Kyoto Protocol); 2) assigned amount – the total amount of greenhouse gas emissions, which has been specified for the Republic of Latvia according to the Kyoto Protocol for the first period of commitment from 1 January 2008 to 31 December ...
... Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (hereinafter – Kyoto Protocol); 2) assigned amount – the total amount of greenhouse gas emissions, which has been specified for the Republic of Latvia according to the Kyoto Protocol for the first period of commitment from 1 January 2008 to 31 December ...
Mission Report Downscalling - Global Climate Change Alliance
... detection of climatic change and assessment of climate-induced impacts. An explanation for this is that, as climate changes rapidly with height over relatively short horizontal distances, so does vegetation and hydrology (Whiteman, 2000). As a result, mountains exhibit high biodiversity, often with ...
... detection of climatic change and assessment of climate-induced impacts. An explanation for this is that, as climate changes rapidly with height over relatively short horizontal distances, so does vegetation and hydrology (Whiteman, 2000). As a result, mountains exhibit high biodiversity, often with ...
Energy and Climate Change Element
... trapping solar radiation. This phenomenon is known as the “greenhouse effect.” Modern human activity, most notably the burning of fossil fuels for transportation and electricity generation, introduces large amounts of carbon dioxide and other gases into the atmosphere. Reductions in the planet’s for ...
... trapping solar radiation. This phenomenon is known as the “greenhouse effect.” Modern human activity, most notably the burning of fossil fuels for transportation and electricity generation, introduces large amounts of carbon dioxide and other gases into the atmosphere. Reductions in the planet’s for ...
MC1113 Hope in God`s Future - The Methodist Church in Britain
... traditions. Some references to relevant reading may be found in the attached list of study resources. ...
... traditions. Some references to relevant reading may be found in the attached list of study resources. ...
Marshall Islands
... The RMI National Climate Change Policy Framework (NCCPF) sets out the Government of RMI’s commitments and responsibilities to address climate change. This policy framework is intended to guide the development of adaptation and energy security measures that respond to RMI’s needs with an “All Islands ...
... The RMI National Climate Change Policy Framework (NCCPF) sets out the Government of RMI’s commitments and responsibilities to address climate change. This policy framework is intended to guide the development of adaptation and energy security measures that respond to RMI’s needs with an “All Islands ...
Seychelles
... eventually produce updated findings with respect to climate change trends and projected impacts. For now, existing data from the Second National Communication must be used to guide planning for climate change. The main climate change threats facing Seychelles are similar to those threatening other s ...
... eventually produce updated findings with respect to climate change trends and projected impacts. For now, existing data from the Second National Communication must be used to guide planning for climate change. The main climate change threats facing Seychelles are similar to those threatening other s ...
Climate change and global health - Canadian Federation of Medical
... The Impacts of Climate Change on the Health of Individuals and Populations There is considerable evidence to indicate that climate change poses both direct and indirect risks to the health of individua ...
... The Impacts of Climate Change on the Health of Individuals and Populations There is considerable evidence to indicate that climate change poses both direct and indirect risks to the health of individua ...
Even several of the wetter runs yield increasing drought due to the
... A Drastic Change in the Character of Drought Sustained drought of severe intensity (PDSI < -3) occurred during 1953-1956, an event rivaled during 2000-2003. The average annual Lees Ferry flow was only 10 maf during both events, but the recent drought bears different properties than its predecessor. ...
... A Drastic Change in the Character of Drought Sustained drought of severe intensity (PDSI < -3) occurred during 1953-1956, an event rivaled during 2000-2003. The average annual Lees Ferry flow was only 10 maf during both events, but the recent drought bears different properties than its predecessor. ...
Aviation and Climate Change – the continuing
... the environment, and behaviour. Climate awareness does not lead to people not flying. Instead, a lack of alternatives and the habitual nature of flying lead people away from sustainable choices, in contrast to some other areas of decision making (Hares Dickinson and Wilkes 2010). Frew and Winter (20 ...
... the environment, and behaviour. Climate awareness does not lead to people not flying. Instead, a lack of alternatives and the habitual nature of flying lead people away from sustainable choices, in contrast to some other areas of decision making (Hares Dickinson and Wilkes 2010). Frew and Winter (20 ...
Palaeoclimatic insights into future climate challenges
... nor the variability of the climate are fully captured in some climate-change projections, such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Summary for Policymakers. Because larger, faster and less-expected climate changes can cause more problems for economies and ecosystems, the palaeocl ...
... nor the variability of the climate are fully captured in some climate-change projections, such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Summary for Policymakers. Because larger, faster and less-expected climate changes can cause more problems for economies and ecosystems, the palaeocl ...
Development and Climate Change: A Strategic Framework for the
... present levels of official development assistance (ODA), so as not to compete with achieving the MDGs. Figure 1: The Case for Long-Term Cooperation ...
... present levels of official development assistance (ODA), so as not to compete with achieving the MDGs. Figure 1: The Case for Long-Term Cooperation ...
Effects of 2°C Warming IMPACT2C modelling results: climate
... developed to integrate uncertainties from the climate projections, socio-economic scenarios and impact models within and across sectors. In so doing, analysis of adaptation responses under uncertainty will be enhanced. Finally, a cross-sectoral perspective is adopted to look at linkages between sect ...
... developed to integrate uncertainties from the climate projections, socio-economic scenarios and impact models within and across sectors. In so doing, analysis of adaptation responses under uncertainty will be enhanced. Finally, a cross-sectoral perspective is adopted to look at linkages between sect ...
Climate Change, Energy and South Africa`s Foreign Policy
... of the negotiating parties. This linkage is at the core of the two-level game. While an agreement may be accepted at Level I, without ‘ratification’, or the endorsement of an agreement from Level II, negotiations will stall or cease altogether at Level I.3 For example, in considering whether to acce ...
... of the negotiating parties. This linkage is at the core of the two-level game. While an agreement may be accepted at Level I, without ‘ratification’, or the endorsement of an agreement from Level II, negotiations will stall or cease altogether at Level I.3 For example, in considering whether to acce ...
Bellingham Climate Adaptation Plan - Bellingham
... This document is not intended to provide project level detail for climate adaptation. Rather it is intended to provide a framework for evaluating vulnerabilities posed by climate change and identifying strategies to increase the community’s resilience to such vulnerabilities. Seldom, if ever, will t ...
... This document is not intended to provide project level detail for climate adaptation. Rather it is intended to provide a framework for evaluating vulnerabilities posed by climate change and identifying strategies to increase the community’s resilience to such vulnerabilities. Seldom, if ever, will t ...
- Inter-Tribal Council of Michigan, Inc.
... and surface water temperatures, more volatile weather characterized by extreme precipitation events, decreases in duration and extremity of winter temperatures, and increases in duration of summer temperatures. Changes in climate and weather patterns are accelerating, with an expected increase in me ...
... and surface water temperatures, more volatile weather characterized by extreme precipitation events, decreases in duration and extremity of winter temperatures, and increases in duration of summer temperatures. Changes in climate and weather patterns are accelerating, with an expected increase in me ...
UNEP Topic A: New Perspectives on the Kyoto Protocol FEMUN V III
... The Kyoto Protocol, although vital to climate change fight, has weak spots that need urgent attention. One of this is the principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities”. This principle seems just and fair, however it is based upon the fact that developing countries are not required to mak ...
... The Kyoto Protocol, although vital to climate change fight, has weak spots that need urgent attention. One of this is the principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities”. This principle seems just and fair, however it is based upon the fact that developing countries are not required to mak ...
Climate Change and Geohazards in South West England
... Politicians and policy-makers, informed by these projections, are typically then involved with coordinating a policy response to climate change at a variety of administrative levels (international, national, local, etc.). Finally, either directly in response to projected changes, or indirectly in re ...
... Politicians and policy-makers, informed by these projections, are typically then involved with coordinating a policy response to climate change at a variety of administrative levels (international, national, local, etc.). Finally, either directly in response to projected changes, or indirectly in re ...