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Aalborg Universitet
Aalborg Universitet

... (IFAD, 2010). Agricultural production relies mainly on rainfall and will be severely compromised in many African countries, particularly for subsistence farmers; under climate change much agricultural land will be lost, with shorter growing seasons and lower yields (UNFCCC, 2007). Cooper et al., (20 ...
6. Whatever the weather. Media attitudes to reporting
6. Whatever the weather. Media attitudes to reporting

... ability to pay for reductions resulted in the formation of the ‘annex one’ set of countries, which have binding commitments to reduce emissions. However, the Kyoto Protocol’s ‘flexible mechanisms’ have included developing countries by extending the scope of emissions reductions beyond the boundaries ...
From convergence to contention: United States mass media representations of
From convergence to contention: United States mass media representations of

... this research brings together issues of framing in journalism to questions of certainty/uncertainty in climate science. Taylor and Buttel posited that the organisational arrangements that define what are environmental problems (such as anthropogenic climate change) can be seen as ‘particularly vulne ...
Environmental Threats in Cold Deserts
Environmental Threats in Cold Deserts

... spatial extent is usually much greater than for other natural hazards, making assessment and response actions difficult. The impacts are cumulative and the effects magnify when events continue from one season or year to the next. Drought events occur when there is lack of water to satisfy the normal ...
Climate Change and Insecurity in the Global South
Climate Change and Insecurity in the Global South

... CLIMATE CHANGE: Drivers of Insecurity and the Global South Climate Change and Conflict: The Case of Bangladesh Bangladesh is a ‘frontline state’ of climate change, predicted to be one of the first and the hardest hit countries to face the adverse impacts of warmer global temperatures. This is partic ...
Observations On Environmental Change in South Africa
Observations On Environmental Change in South Africa

... South Africa can also be proud of its strong tradition of exploiting scientific knowledge to support effective policy and practice in sustainable development. Supported by my department, the South African Environmental Observation Network (SAEON) emerged from that tradition to establish six strategi ...
Anthropogenic Climate Change in the Playa Lakes Joint Venture
Anthropogenic Climate Change in the Playa Lakes Joint Venture

... managers. Such studies may be most helpful as a simple gauge of general directionality and trends; climate and habitat (“bio-climate envelopes”) modeling are by no means exact sciences and cannot make up for good monitoring and habitat assessment over time. Only one known study focuses on the Great ...
Risk of ruin paper - Institute and Faculty of Actuaries
Risk of ruin paper - Institute and Faculty of Actuaries

... IPCC (2007) is a survey of existing literature – it deals with what is known and considered to be most likely to happen. For example sea level rises are projected to rise between 0.18 and 0.58m by 2099. IPCC (2007a) then goes on to say “Models used to date do not include uncertainties in climate-ca ...
10-03
10-03

... form of weather and ocean current systems, to even out the temperature imbalance. The chronic movement of air masses in weather systems along the same routes drags along the surface of the ocean and eventually steers the major ocean currents along well-defined pathways. Because of the rotation of th ...
What Next for CCS in the UK? Tim Dixon
What Next for CCS in the UK? Tim Dixon

... Furthering use of fossil fuels sustainable development Role of CCS in climate change mitigation Since CMP 5 (2009) Non-permanence Monitoring and verification Environmental impacts massive catastrophic release Project boundaries and transboundary issues Liability Perverse outcomes Safety Insurance an ...
Human impact and climate changes—synchronous events and a
Human impact and climate changes—synchronous events and a

... Fig. 1. Comparison of eleven palaeoclimatic records covering the last 7000 years with the human impact events discussed in this paper: (1) solar variability (Stuiver and Braziunas, 1993), (2) ice rafted debris (IRD) in N Atlantic with numbered events (Bond et al., 1997; Alley et al., 1999), (3) lake ...
A question of survival
A question of survival

... All major developed countries, along with many developing countries, have now submitted their INDCs. While all developed countries will need to substantially increase their reduction targets over time to bring them into line with a global carbon budget that ensures a high probability of keeping the ...
Busting the Carbon Budget: Low Carbon Economy Index.
Busting the Carbon Budget: Low Carbon Economy Index.

... G20 economies in meeting this target. To meet the most conservative warming scenario (known as RCP2.6 in AR5), cumulative fossil fuel CO2 emissions between now and 2100 needs to be around 270GtC (or around 990GtCO2). This compares with total annual energyrelated emissions of 32 GtCO2 in 2012. Based ...
- White Rose Research Online
- White Rose Research Online

... of change, however, with negative effects expected on tropical annual cereals and grain legumes [1, 2, 4, 5], and positive impacts predicted for root crops [4, 6]. In assessing such impacts and any required adaptation options to abate them, future projections of climate and agricultural systems play ...
Future Climate Impact on the Desertification in the Dry Land Asia
Future Climate Impact on the Desertification in the Dry Land Asia

... Dry lands are areas of land with low amounts of water in the soil; they encompass hyper-arid, arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas [1]. A large majority of dry lands are located in Asia (34.4%) and Africa (24.1%), followed by the Americas (24%), Australia (15%) and Europe (2.5%) [2]. Dry lands oc ...
New Zealand Journal of Public and International Law
New Zealand Journal of Public and International Law

... Today there are (too) many crises that warrant serious attention and action. Of course, many of them are also interrelated. For example there is a clear relationship between income inequality and public health6 or between racism and environmental degradation.7 However, at this historical moment, I c ...
Australian rangelands and climate change – pastoral production
Australian rangelands and climate change – pastoral production

... available natural resource (i.e. soil and vegetation) to grazing and a fundamental recognition of the requirement for conservative use of these available resources through time. Thus, various and mixed management tactics may be applied but these are underpinned by such sentiments as ‘managing for ev ...
Extreme climatic events and their evolution under changing climatic
Extreme climatic events and their evolution under changing climatic

... However, none of these definitions on their own is entirely satisfactory. For example, in its Third Assessment Report, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2001) has based its definition on the frequency of occurrence of the event, i.e., an event that is as rare as the 10% or 90% qua ...
Working Paper 7: Climate Change and Agriculture: Analysis of
Working Paper 7: Climate Change and Agriculture: Analysis of

... This paper reviews the current status of agricultural production in Africa, the role of agriculture in the economies of African countries and in poverty reduction initiatives, the production trends and the public investments in the sector in recent years. It also assesses the vulnerability of the se ...
Assessment of climate change in Europe from an ensemble of
Assessment of climate change in Europe from an ensemble of

... the Mediterranean area and to assess the possible magnitude of future climate change under SRES-A1B emission scenario. Regarding the concentrations of equivalent CO2 over the 21st century, the A1B scenario is intermediate for both the SRES scenarios group and the new RCP scenarios. The uncertainty a ...
Climate Security and Justice for Small Island Developing States
Climate Security and Justice for Small Island Developing States

... challenges that climate change poses, they often fall short on pragmatic financial and other mechanisms to assist the most vulnerable countries in addressing these challenges. Adaptation projects undertaken by SIDS often face the bottlenecks of inadequate data and technical capacity, weak institution ...
Climate change and journalistic norms: A case-study of US mass-media coverage V
Climate change and journalistic norms: A case-study of US mass-media coverage V

... are not warranted.8 Since environmental issues such as global warming often appear in the news because of a threatening crisis, this penchant for authoritative – often governmental – sources is not a trivial matter (Miller and Riechert, 2000). However, eVects of this journalistic norm become less st ...
Conditional Cooperation and Climate Change
Conditional Cooperation and Climate Change

... the earth is warming and attributes most of the trend to human activities— especially the consumption of fossil fuels. The panel predicts that global warming will trigger widespread flooding of coastal regions, extreme weather such as droughts and hurricanes, and the disruption of food supplies. It ...
The Ten Warning Signs of Global Warming
The Ten Warning Signs of Global Warming

... Elected officials should ensure that state and municipal buildings are energy efficient, thereby setting a good example for their constituents. Cities whose utility companies have programs to purchase wind or solar which have utility options to purchase. In addition, cities currently lacking such pr ...
Climate change and journalistic norms: A case - UNC
Climate change and journalistic norms: A case - UNC

... are not warranted.8 Since environmental issues such as global warming often appear in the news because of a threatening crisis, this penchant for authoritative – often governmental – sources is not a trivial matter (Miller and Riechert, 2000). However, eVects of this journalistic norm become less st ...
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Economics of global warming

There are a number of policies that governments might consider in response to global warming. The assessment of such policies involves the economics of global warming.Global warming is a long-term problem. One of the most important greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide. Around 20% of carbon dioxide which is emitted due to human activities can remain in the atmosphere for many thousands of years. The long time scales and uncertainty associated with global warming have led analysts to develop ""scenarios"" of future environmental, social and economic changes. These scenarios can help governments understand the potential consequences of their decisions.The impacts of climate change include the loss of biodiversity, sea level rise, increased frequency and severity of some extreme weather events, and acidification of the oceans. Economists have attempted to quantify these impacts in monetary terms, but these assessments can be controversial.The two main policy responses to global warming are to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and to adapt to the impacts of global warming (e.g., by building levees in response to sea level rise). Another policy response which has recently received greater attention is geoengineering of the climate system (e.g. injecting aerosols into the atmosphere to reflect sunlight away from the Earth's surface).One of the responses to the uncertainties of global warming is to adopt a strategy of sequential decision making. This strategy recognizes that decisions on global warming need to be made with incomplete information, and that decisions in the near term will have potentially long-term impacts. Governments might choose to use risk management as part of their policy response to global warming. For instance, a risk-based approach can be applied to climate impacts which are difficult to quantify in economic terms, e.g., the impacts of global warming on indigenous peoples.Analysts have assessed global warming in relation to sustainable development. Sustainable development considers how future generations might be affected by the actions of the current generation. In some areas, policies designed to address global warming may contribute positively towards other development objectives. In other areas, the cost of global warming policies may divert resources away from other socially and environmentally beneficial investments (the opportunity costs of climate change policy).
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