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pdf version - Geophysical Institute
pdf version - Geophysical Institute

... In our study, we used version 5 of a relatively highresolution Arctic mesoscale model (MM5) for dynamical downscaling of global climate simulations, which gave us the temperature and precipitation inputs for the precipitation–temperature–area– altitude (PTAA) glacier mass balance model.12 The Polar ...
policy framework antigua and barbuda
policy framework antigua and barbuda

... Mitigation refers to actions to reduce the net emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Sea level rise is the rise in relative sea level produced by the expansion of water as a result of rising temperatures and the additional water produced as the permanent ice fields melt. Annex I countrie ...
Vulnerability and Resilience in the Face of Climate Change: Current
Vulnerability and Resilience in the Face of Climate Change: Current

... of potential mitigation. However, since climatic impacts on natural and socio-economic systems are likely to be felt and responded to at regional/local levels, the heterogeneous conditions of individual societies necessitate more localized studies. Furthermore, the impacts of climate change will be ...
Apr  Via E E-Mail
Apr Via E E-Mail

... the magnitude and frequency of atmospheric blocking events in the AtlanticEurope region is projected to change in the future according to four climate models which the authors claim match the observed characteristics of blocking events in this region pretty well. What they found was completely cont ...
Topic 8: Energy, power, climate change
Topic 8: Energy, power, climate change

... Milankovitch in his great work on ice ages. Milankovitch’s work was not recognized until the late 1960s because it was in Serbian. In the 60s just such cycles were being discovered in sediment and ice-core studies. FYI At their most extreme, Milankovitch cycles bring an annual variation of the su ...
Hardening Australia: Climate change and
Hardening Australia: Climate change and

... and recovery effort to domestic disasters in support of states. This coordination function is at the heart of the US federal government’s contribution to meeting the needs of disaster-affected communities. FEMA is able to influence all areas of government to assist and support: it’s not just an agen ...
Sudan`s INDC
Sudan`s INDC

... Gases Covered Sectors Covered ...
4.3 Approach to CLIMATE CHANGE Scenario Development
4.3 Approach to CLIMATE CHANGE Scenario Development

... Although it is likely that temperatures will rise in most regions of the world,2 changes at the regional scale in many other key variables, such as precipitation, are uncertain for most regions. Even if the direction of change is likely, there can be uncertainty about the magnitude and path of chang ...
Land, Water, and Forests: - Global Environment Facility
Land, Water, and Forests: - Global Environment Facility

... and sustainability of the world’s second largest tropical rain forest, covering an area the size of India and home to 60 million people who depend on forest resources for their livelihood. The Basin also contains an enormous variety of biodiversity and vast quantities of carbon below and aboveground ...
An Overview of the International Regime Addressing Climate Change
An Overview of the International Regime Addressing Climate Change

... in 1997. The Protocol outlined emission limits for the Convention’s Annex I Parties. However, many key details about the Protocol were not resolved and negotiations continued. During this period, the United States government negotiated under a cloud of uncertainty as the U.S. Senate passed in 1997 a ...
DRACULA AND THE ECO WARRIOR Teacher`s Notes Synopsis 1
DRACULA AND THE ECO WARRIOR Teacher`s Notes Synopsis 1

... impact of fossil fuel emissions on the climate. In recent years, the so-called “grandfather of climate science” has added to his CV the roles of author and twice-arrested climate activist and anti-coal campaigner. He still a Professor at Columbia University. So when Hansen’s latest piece of blockbus ...
solidarity, justice and climate change law
solidarity, justice and climate change law

... and food availability, the changing climate has direct consequences for human health. Malnutrition poses perhaps the biggest risk, but the spread of vector-borne diseases demonstrates a considerable threat: a 4°C increase in global temperatures would expose an additional 80 million people to malaria ...
- The University of Liverpool Repository
- The University of Liverpool Repository

... ecological overshoot mean for urban political economy, and the effectiveness of grassroots urbanism as a response to it. The paper argues that given the pervasiveness of the ‘entrepreneurial thesis’ of urban management, alternatives to ‘growth’ as the objective of local economic development policy a ...
CARBON NEUTRAL STRATEGY 2015–2025
CARBON NEUTRAL STRATEGY 2015–2025

... have stated that it is now clear that there is a human influence on the climate system1. Our climate is changing as concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere increase due to human activity, notably the combustion of fossil fuels for energy and transport, land clearance and changes in land ...
Indigenous knowledge about climate change
Indigenous knowledge about climate change

... react favourably towards changes in climate and environment19. In the study area, about 162 of the 200 sampled farmers had perceived climate change in terms of various meteorological indicators (Fig. 1). Among them, 40 per cent of farmers observed that the quantity of rainfall has been decreasing ov ...
Ch 18 Global Climate Change
Ch 18 Global Climate Change

... • In 2007, scientists from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) sifted through thousands of studies and published the Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) • The report concluded that warming of the climate is unequivocal • The atmosphere and oceans are warmer • Sea levels are rising and gl ...
18_Lecture_Presentation
18_Lecture_Presentation

... • In 2007, scientists from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) sifted through thousands of studies and published the Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) • The report concluded that warming of the climate is unequivocal • The atmosphere and oceans are warmer • Sea levels are rising and gl ...
Adapting to climate change
Adapting to climate change

... our complex climate. There are assumptions and uncertainties in any work of this kind, but these Projections represent strong and credible climate science. They begin to quantify the uncertainties we face and so will help us to understand the risks that lie ahead. The Projections show – through thre ...
Climate Change Impacts and Spatial Planning Decision Support
Climate Change Impacts and Spatial Planning Decision Support

... different challenge, one which most planners will be aware of, but may not have sufficient information, time or guidance to consider fully. Concentrating on climate change adaptation (as opposed to climate change mitigation), this guidance document presents a series of tools which can be used to ass ...
WORKSHOPS, CONFERENCES AND SEMINARS ATTENDED 1
WORKSHOPS, CONFERENCES AND SEMINARS ATTENDED 1

... The work program focused on river flow forecasting modeling exercises using country data. Some of the hydrologic models used in WMO inter-comparison studies were tested. 3. Training of Trainers Course in Hydrology, 13 September to 4 October 1998, IHE, Delft, The Netherlands The work program focused ...
PDF
PDF

... comprehensively assess transportation vulnerabilities and prepare for the unavoidable impacts of climate change. Recent studies indicate that climate change planning efforts conducted by governments thus far have overwhelmingly focused on mitigation strategies to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emission ...
In Cook et al., the definition of consensus hypothesis that comes
In Cook et al., the definition of consensus hypothesis that comes

... error elimination will fall short of demonstrating the hypothesis but will fail to disprove it, in which event it gains some credibility. The statement of the general problem may then be modified accordingly (GP1), and a new tentative theory (TT1) may later be advanced to address the modified proble ...
Download country chapter
Download country chapter

... (2012). Grenada imports almost 94% of its fuel for transport (diesel and gasoline), electricity generation (diesel) and cooking (liquefied petroleum gas), which makes the country vulnerable to energy price volatility. Since Hurricane Ivan in 2004, power sector infrastructure has been severely impact ...
Climate change and impacts in the Eastern Mediterranean and the
Climate change and impacts in the Eastern Mediterranean and the

... are among the highest in the world. It is likely that ozone levels will continue to increase and that the EMME will be a persisting air pollution ‘hot spot’ with especially high levels around the Persian Gulf. ...
Full text (pdf format) - Boreal Environment Research
Full text (pdf format) - Boreal Environment Research

... under SRES-B1 and SRES-A2 (Special Report on Emission Scenarios) emission scenarios were used to produce the future projections. By mid-century our results suggest wintertime conditions with reduced cold stress, caused by less frequent and shorter periods of severe frost together with a rise in the ...
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Economics of global warming

There are a number of policies that governments might consider in response to global warming. The assessment of such policies involves the economics of global warming.Global warming is a long-term problem. One of the most important greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide. Around 20% of carbon dioxide which is emitted due to human activities can remain in the atmosphere for many thousands of years. The long time scales and uncertainty associated with global warming have led analysts to develop ""scenarios"" of future environmental, social and economic changes. These scenarios can help governments understand the potential consequences of their decisions.The impacts of climate change include the loss of biodiversity, sea level rise, increased frequency and severity of some extreme weather events, and acidification of the oceans. Economists have attempted to quantify these impacts in monetary terms, but these assessments can be controversial.The two main policy responses to global warming are to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and to adapt to the impacts of global warming (e.g., by building levees in response to sea level rise). Another policy response which has recently received greater attention is geoengineering of the climate system (e.g. injecting aerosols into the atmosphere to reflect sunlight away from the Earth's surface).One of the responses to the uncertainties of global warming is to adopt a strategy of sequential decision making. This strategy recognizes that decisions on global warming need to be made with incomplete information, and that decisions in the near term will have potentially long-term impacts. Governments might choose to use risk management as part of their policy response to global warming. For instance, a risk-based approach can be applied to climate impacts which are difficult to quantify in economic terms, e.g., the impacts of global warming on indigenous peoples.Analysts have assessed global warming in relation to sustainable development. Sustainable development considers how future generations might be affected by the actions of the current generation. In some areas, policies designed to address global warming may contribute positively towards other development objectives. In other areas, the cost of global warming policies may divert resources away from other socially and environmentally beneficial investments (the opportunity costs of climate change policy).
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