Evidence for parallel adaptation to climate across the natural range
... locales and hence similar climates (Beck et al. 2008). Thus, to remove the confounding influence of geographic proximity, we calculated an additional matrix of geographic great circle distance in R (R Development Core Team 2011). We used the VEGAN (Oksanen et al. 2011) package in R to calculate the ...
... locales and hence similar climates (Beck et al. 2008). Thus, to remove the confounding influence of geographic proximity, we calculated an additional matrix of geographic great circle distance in R (R Development Core Team 2011). We used the VEGAN (Oksanen et al. 2011) package in R to calculate the ...
US Climate Change Policy Under President Clinton
... world. It is a strategy that, if properly implemented, will create a wealth of new opportunities for entrepreneurs at home, uphold our leadership abroad, and harness the power of free markets to free our planet from an unacceptable risk; a strategy consistent with our commitment to reject false choi ...
... world. It is a strategy that, if properly implemented, will create a wealth of new opportunities for entrepreneurs at home, uphold our leadership abroad, and harness the power of free markets to free our planet from an unacceptable risk; a strategy consistent with our commitment to reject false choi ...
Climate Change and California`s Local Public Health Agencies
... Even with aggressive emission reductions, California is predicted to experience the effects of climate change over the coming century (Hayhoe et al., 2004; Cayan et al., 2006). These changes will lead to an increase in annual average temperatures across the state, contributing to changes in the stat ...
... Even with aggressive emission reductions, California is predicted to experience the effects of climate change over the coming century (Hayhoe et al., 2004; Cayan et al., 2006). These changes will lead to an increase in annual average temperatures across the state, contributing to changes in the stat ...
Long-Term Climate Trends and Extreme Events in Northern
... certain period of time. This means an average which is itself extreme [14]. Statistics of past climate and model simulations for the future both suggest, e.g. higher maximum and minimum temperatures, more hot summer days and heavier precipitation events or more severe drought, in different parts of ...
... certain period of time. This means an average which is itself extreme [14]. Statistics of past climate and model simulations for the future both suggest, e.g. higher maximum and minimum temperatures, more hot summer days and heavier precipitation events or more severe drought, in different parts of ...
concluded
... over the past 15 years (1998–2012; 0.05 [–0.05 to 0.15] °C per decade), which begins with a strong El Niño, is smaller than the rate calculated since 1951 (1951–2012; 0.12 [0.08 to 0.14] °C per decade)5. {2.4} • Continental-scale surface temperature reconstructions show, with high confidence, multi ...
... over the past 15 years (1998–2012; 0.05 [–0.05 to 0.15] °C per decade), which begins with a strong El Niño, is smaller than the rate calculated since 1951 (1951–2012; 0.12 [0.08 to 0.14] °C per decade)5. {2.4} • Continental-scale surface temperature reconstructions show, with high confidence, multi ...
South Korea`s 2030 Carbon Mitigation Target and the INDC
... Target as “inadequate” and misaligned with global cooperative efforts.iii This is a remarkable contrast from 2009, when South Korea mobilized a national agenda bringing together a mix of domestic and foreign policies to meet a self-imposed mitigation target of 30% below BAU by 2020. At the time, Sou ...
... Target as “inadequate” and misaligned with global cooperative efforts.iii This is a remarkable contrast from 2009, when South Korea mobilized a national agenda bringing together a mix of domestic and foreign policies to meet a self-imposed mitigation target of 30% below BAU by 2020. At the time, Sou ...
Research Note Effects of Warming Conditions in Eastern North
... of unpublished data from herpetologists active in plethodontid salamander research. Much of the older literature (pre-1950) was identified by inspecting the bibliographies of early theses and treatises on salamanders (e.g., Dunn 1926; Bishop 1941; Thurow 1955). For each sitelevel report of morph fre ...
... of unpublished data from herpetologists active in plethodontid salamander research. Much of the older literature (pre-1950) was identified by inspecting the bibliographies of early theses and treatises on salamanders (e.g., Dunn 1926; Bishop 1941; Thurow 1955). For each sitelevel report of morph fre ...
emissions - Alan Robock
... stratosphere would be less than in a plume like this, and there would be no ash, there could still be sulfuric acid damage to airplanes. In the year after the 1991 Pinatubo eruption, airplanes reported acid damage to windows and other parts. An engineering study would be needed to ascertain whether ...
... stratosphere would be less than in a plume like this, and there would be no ash, there could still be sulfuric acid damage to airplanes. In the year after the 1991 Pinatubo eruption, airplanes reported acid damage to windows and other parts. An engineering study would be needed to ascertain whether ...
Bronze Age Review
... why there is a strong correspondence between the record of bogs like Bolton Fell Moss and both the summer wetness and winter severity indices of Lamb (1977), the NAO, and on the longer term the Thermohaline Circulation (THC) as discussed by Barber (2007). The inclusion of summer temperatures as one ...
... why there is a strong correspondence between the record of bogs like Bolton Fell Moss and both the summer wetness and winter severity indices of Lamb (1977), the NAO, and on the longer term the Thermohaline Circulation (THC) as discussed by Barber (2007). The inclusion of summer temperatures as one ...
MAPPING CLIMATE CHANGE AND SECURITY IN NORTH AFRICA
... Potential Climate Change-Related Security Consequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Where Are the Vulnerable Areas in North Africa? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Narratives of Climate Vulnerability in North Africa . . . . . . . ...
... Potential Climate Change-Related Security Consequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Where Are the Vulnerable Areas in North Africa? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Narratives of Climate Vulnerability in North Africa . . . . . . . ...
Working Group I Fifth Assessment Report
... are generally well within the range of the extent of the earlier IPCC projections. The recently observed increases in methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) concentrations are smaller than those assumed in the scenarios in the previous assessments. Each IPCC assessment has used new projections of fut ...
... are generally well within the range of the extent of the earlier IPCC projections. The recently observed increases in methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) concentrations are smaller than those assumed in the scenarios in the previous assessments. Each IPCC assessment has used new projections of fut ...
Recent worldwide CO2 emissions - Digging in the Clay
... and does not admit that there remains only about 12% of the effectiveness of CO2 as a greenhouse gas from the current level of ~390ppmv, for whatever increase in CO2 concentration. So any unquestioning, policy maker has certainly been lead to assume that all increasing CO2 concentrations are progres ...
... and does not admit that there remains only about 12% of the effectiveness of CO2 as a greenhouse gas from the current level of ~390ppmv, for whatever increase in CO2 concentration. So any unquestioning, policy maker has certainly been lead to assume that all increasing CO2 concentrations are progres ...
... 2004; Gero et al ., 2006; Ray et al ., 2006; Betts et al ., 2007; Costa et al ., 2007; Abiodun et al ., 2008; Klingman et al ., 2008; Lee et al ., 2008; Nuñez et al ., 2008; Kvalevåg et al , 2010; Hu et al ., 2010), and global climate (Franchito and Rao, 1992; Wu and Raman, 1997; DeFries et al ., ...
A Two-Step Flow of Influence? Opinion-Leader
... applied to opinion-leader campaigns on climate change. These campaigns can be used to catalyze wider political engagement on the issue and to promote sustainable consumer choices and behaviors. From past research, we outline six relevant categories of self-designated opinion-leaders, detailing issue ...
... applied to opinion-leader campaigns on climate change. These campaigns can be used to catalyze wider political engagement on the issue and to promote sustainable consumer choices and behaviors. From past research, we outline six relevant categories of self-designated opinion-leaders, detailing issue ...
Vulnerability of New Zealand pastoral farming to the impacts of
... disagree on the sign of projected changes in precipitation. A realistic representation of these uncertainties through to impact assessment can result in even the direction of change being uncertain, or reversing when climate change scenarios are revised. These issues are well known by the research ...
... disagree on the sign of projected changes in precipitation. A realistic representation of these uncertainties through to impact assessment can result in even the direction of change being uncertain, or reversing when climate change scenarios are revised. These issues are well known by the research ...
Climate-biosphere interactions on glacial
... climate change. Typical estimates for climate sensitivity to increased CO2 would attribute about 2C of the 6 C glacial-interglacial temperature change to different greenhouse gas concentrations [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC ), 2001]. The remainder of the warming was due to a de ...
... climate change. Typical estimates for climate sensitivity to increased CO2 would attribute about 2C of the 6 C glacial-interglacial temperature change to different greenhouse gas concentrations [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC ), 2001]. The remainder of the warming was due to a de ...
Injection of CO 2
... political/social/ legal consequences (winners/losers), it can’t be done “right” anyway. •Pros: The scientific thought process cannot not be stopped, we need to acquire the knowledge, we should influence the outcome, we should help doing it “right” – also if this results in doing it not at all. ...
... political/social/ legal consequences (winners/losers), it can’t be done “right” anyway. •Pros: The scientific thought process cannot not be stopped, we need to acquire the knowledge, we should influence the outcome, we should help doing it “right” – also if this results in doing it not at all. ...
Data Assimilation Cycle - Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical
... Could climate scientists do more to reduce uncertainty in climate predictions? • Yes. I have given one example of how this could be achieved in principle. However, the weather and climate forecast communities are still not well integrated, and hence not making enough one another’s expertise • Moreo ...
... Could climate scientists do more to reduce uncertainty in climate predictions? • Yes. I have given one example of how this could be achieved in principle. However, the weather and climate forecast communities are still not well integrated, and hence not making enough one another’s expertise • Moreo ...
Exploring Climate Patterns Embedded in Global Climate Change
... cycles. The presented work sets forward a GIS-based methodological framework to explore and compare spatial and temporal patterns associated with three climate change scenarios. An implementation of an algorithm for the spatiotemporal aggregation of the anomalies is required to mine such spatiotempo ...
... cycles. The presented work sets forward a GIS-based methodological framework to explore and compare spatial and temporal patterns associated with three climate change scenarios. An implementation of an algorithm for the spatiotemporal aggregation of the anomalies is required to mine such spatiotempo ...
FAQs - A Convention For Persons Displaced By Climate Change
... The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the Stern Review, among many other studies, warn that the effects of climate change – including rising sea levels, heavier floods, more frequent and ...
... The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the Stern Review, among many other studies, warn that the effects of climate change – including rising sea levels, heavier floods, more frequent and ...
Climate Change in the Wet Tropics
... international and domestic visitors each year. These visitors are primarily drawn to the region because of its outstanding natural features, in particular, the World Heritage rainforests and reefs. International visitors return to their home country having made judgements about Australia’s environme ...
... international and domestic visitors each year. These visitors are primarily drawn to the region because of its outstanding natural features, in particular, the World Heritage rainforests and reefs. International visitors return to their home country having made judgements about Australia’s environme ...
The Heat Is On - Climate Central
... aerosols screening incoming solar radiation could also be a factor. Our state-by-state analysis of warming over the past 100 years shows where it warmed the most and where it warmed the least. We found that no matter how much or how little a given state warmed over that 100-year period, the pace of ...
... aerosols screening incoming solar radiation could also be a factor. Our state-by-state analysis of warming over the past 100 years shows where it warmed the most and where it warmed the least. We found that no matter how much or how little a given state warmed over that 100-year period, the pace of ...
LCA - Agri Base
... materials (buildings). Acidification Potential (AP) for emissions to air is calculated with the adapted RAINS 10 model, describing the fate and deposition of acidifying substances. AP is expressed as kg SO2 equivalents/ kg emission. The time span is eternity and the geographical scale varies between ...
... materials (buildings). Acidification Potential (AP) for emissions to air is calculated with the adapted RAINS 10 model, describing the fate and deposition of acidifying substances. AP is expressed as kg SO2 equivalents/ kg emission. The time span is eternity and the geographical scale varies between ...
After Climategate and Cancun….
... Could climate scientists do more to reduce uncertainty in climate predictions? • Yes. I have given one example of how this could be achieved in principle. However, the weather and climate forecast communities are still not well integrated, and hence not making enough one another’s expertise • Moreo ...
... Could climate scientists do more to reduce uncertainty in climate predictions? • Yes. I have given one example of how this could be achieved in principle. However, the weather and climate forecast communities are still not well integrated, and hence not making enough one another’s expertise • Moreo ...
Climate change impacts in the Atlantic Basin and
... Wandel 2006). Actions can be either anticipatory or reactive, as well as autonomous (i.e., independent or ad-hoc) or planned (i.e., governmental measures) (Adger et al. 2005). Further, adaptation actions can be taken through either private (individual) or public (collective) action, though generall ...
... Wandel 2006). Actions can be either anticipatory or reactive, as well as autonomous (i.e., independent or ad-hoc) or planned (i.e., governmental measures) (Adger et al. 2005). Further, adaptation actions can be taken through either private (individual) or public (collective) action, though generall ...