Novel policy tools to assess the environmental impacts of air pollutants
... wide-ranging effects of short-lived pollutants on climate and air quality variables. This evidence indicates a need for a) regionally focused and b) multi-impact metrics in global environmental policy discussions. By being aware of the relationship between climate change and air quality impacts for ...
... wide-ranging effects of short-lived pollutants on climate and air quality variables. This evidence indicates a need for a) regionally focused and b) multi-impact metrics in global environmental policy discussions. By being aware of the relationship between climate change and air quality impacts for ...
A safe climate scenario
... Under this hoped-for scenario developed countries would cut emissions hard, but poorer countries would be able to take a few decades longer to adopt a low carbon economy before using up a ‘carbon budget’ of permissible greenhouse gas emissions. This dual-track approach was known as the ‘contraction ...
... Under this hoped-for scenario developed countries would cut emissions hard, but poorer countries would be able to take a few decades longer to adopt a low carbon economy before using up a ‘carbon budget’ of permissible greenhouse gas emissions. This dual-track approach was known as the ‘contraction ...
FP7 Starting Independent Researcher Grant: Ideas and dates
... The ‘ultimate aim’ of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is specified by Article 2 as the ‘stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system’ (UN, 1995, p.5). Fol ...
... The ‘ultimate aim’ of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is specified by Article 2 as the ‘stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system’ (UN, 1995, p.5). Fol ...
climate change - American Museum of Natural History
... warming the air, land, and sea. The oceans and atmosphere transport this heat from the tropics to the poles. In the short run, this transfer of energy creates weather (like a tornado or a sunny day); over the long run it creates climate (warm near the Equator, for example, or cold near the poles). T ...
... warming the air, land, and sea. The oceans and atmosphere transport this heat from the tropics to the poles. In the short run, this transfer of energy creates weather (like a tornado or a sunny day); over the long run it creates climate (warm near the Equator, for example, or cold near the poles). T ...
Our Changing Climate - UW Atmospheric Sciences
... If weather varies over long intervals and climate does too, how do we distinguish one from the other? One simple way to think of it is that climate is what we expect; weather is what we get. To describe climate, researchers look at the average weather over a number of years in a particular region du ...
... If weather varies over long intervals and climate does too, how do we distinguish one from the other? One simple way to think of it is that climate is what we expect; weather is what we get. To describe climate, researchers look at the average weather over a number of years in a particular region du ...
JPI Climate, H2020, & Climate Change Frank McGovern October 2
... EU & Global Goal to keep the global temperature increase below 2C Observations are also vital: Global Climate Observation System (GCOS) GEO/GEOSS supported by Dg Research DG Enterprise/Copernicus formally GMES A growing array of in-situ, remote, drone etc ...
... EU & Global Goal to keep the global temperature increase below 2C Observations are also vital: Global Climate Observation System (GCOS) GEO/GEOSS supported by Dg Research DG Enterprise/Copernicus formally GMES A growing array of in-situ, remote, drone etc ...
The African contribution to the global climate
... 31 ppm, is due to a decrease of both land and ocean carbon uptake under future climate conditions. The cumulated land sinks decreases by 80 PgC while the ocean sinks decrease by 65 PgC between 1901 and 2100. When compared to the other C4MIP models, IPSL-CM4LOOP has a lower than the average climate c ...
... 31 ppm, is due to a decrease of both land and ocean carbon uptake under future climate conditions. The cumulated land sinks decreases by 80 PgC while the ocean sinks decrease by 65 PgC between 1901 and 2100. When compared to the other C4MIP models, IPSL-CM4LOOP has a lower than the average climate c ...
adaptacija na klimatske promjene I djelovanje u nesrećama
... Fostering climate change adaptation initiatives in the region Bridging the gap between climate change adaptation activities on national and regional level Capacity building in climate vulnerability assessments Results of climate risk/vulnerability analysis can be used for design of future RC ...
... Fostering climate change adaptation initiatives in the region Bridging the gap between climate change adaptation activities on national and regional level Capacity building in climate vulnerability assessments Results of climate risk/vulnerability analysis can be used for design of future RC ...
Tall tales and fat tails: the science and economics of extreme warming
... The physical basis of Eq. 4 makes it easier to relate different sources of uncertainty in Eq. 1 to the various sources of uncertainty discussed in the physical science literature. We focus here on uncertainty about the climate sensitivity, S, and the heat capacities, Ceff and Cup . 2.1 Climate sensi ...
... The physical basis of Eq. 4 makes it easier to relate different sources of uncertainty in Eq. 1 to the various sources of uncertainty discussed in the physical science literature. We focus here on uncertainty about the climate sensitivity, S, and the heat capacities, Ceff and Cup . 2.1 Climate sensi ...
Today
... Moscow’s plan is to disperse a mixture of silver iodide, liquid nitrogen and cement powder into clouds to trigger precipitation. The goal is to minimize snowfall in the city, but results in increased snowfall in the areas just outside Moscow where the clouds empty their load. ...
... Moscow’s plan is to disperse a mixture of silver iodide, liquid nitrogen and cement powder into clouds to trigger precipitation. The goal is to minimize snowfall in the city, but results in increased snowfall in the areas just outside Moscow where the clouds empty their load. ...
udall rcrf update boulder 4 21 2009
... State of the science regarding the physical aspects of climate change that are important for evaluating impacts on Colorado’s water resources, and developing adaptation strategies out to the mid-21st century ...
... State of the science regarding the physical aspects of climate change that are important for evaluating impacts on Colorado’s water resources, and developing adaptation strategies out to the mid-21st century ...
ABRUPT CLIMATE CHANGE Should We Be Worried? www.whoi.edu Robert B. Gagosian
... situation of either abrupt cooling or global warming. Rather, abrupt regional cooling and gradual global warming can unfold simultaneously. Indeed, greenhouse warming is a destabilizing factor that makes abrupt climate change more probable. A 2002 report by the US National Academy of Sciences (NAS) ...
... situation of either abrupt cooling or global warming. Rather, abrupt regional cooling and gradual global warming can unfold simultaneously. Indeed, greenhouse warming is a destabilizing factor that makes abrupt climate change more probable. A 2002 report by the US National Academy of Sciences (NAS) ...
1 Conflict and Accommodation in International Environmental
... intimately involved in determining country positions in the international negotiations, industry perceived that it had been "caught napping", in the words of one industry association, by the ozone issue. International controls posed a particular threat to fossil fuel and automobile companies, most ...
... intimately involved in determining country positions in the international negotiations, industry perceived that it had been "caught napping", in the words of one industry association, by the ozone issue. International controls posed a particular threat to fossil fuel and automobile companies, most ...
Review of the consensus and asymmetric quality of research on
... and the American Geophysical Union (AGU), with 489 participants, found that 97% agreed that global temperatures had increased in the past 100 years (Farnsworth and Lichter, 2012). 84% agreed that human-induced warming was occurring while 5% disagreed. Multivariate analysis found that whether scienti ...
... and the American Geophysical Union (AGU), with 489 participants, found that 97% agreed that global temperatures had increased in the past 100 years (Farnsworth and Lichter, 2012). 84% agreed that human-induced warming was occurring while 5% disagreed. Multivariate analysis found that whether scienti ...
This article appeared in a journal published by - CREAF
... The studies were carried out at 4 shrubland sites in Mols, Denmark (DK, 56°23′N 10°57′E, MAT 8.7 °C, MAP 750 mm year− 1, elevation 58 m); Oldebroek, the Netherlands (NL, 52°24′N 5°55′E, MAT 9.3 °C, MAP 1033 mm year− 1, elevation 25 m); Clocaenog, United Kingdom (UK, 53°03′N 3°28′W, MAT 7.0 °C, MAP 1 ...
... The studies were carried out at 4 shrubland sites in Mols, Denmark (DK, 56°23′N 10°57′E, MAT 8.7 °C, MAP 750 mm year− 1, elevation 58 m); Oldebroek, the Netherlands (NL, 52°24′N 5°55′E, MAT 9.3 °C, MAP 1033 mm year− 1, elevation 25 m); Clocaenog, United Kingdom (UK, 53°03′N 3°28′W, MAT 7.0 °C, MAP 1 ...
Global Climate Change and Population
... Ningxia Autonomous Region – north-west China Semi-arid to arid – high levels of rural poverty Range of different farming systems ...
... Ningxia Autonomous Region – north-west China Semi-arid to arid – high levels of rural poverty Range of different farming systems ...
fapesp ReseaRch pRogRam on global climate change
... Forest over the last few decades. Changes in carbon stocks, precipitation patterns, sea level rise, climate extremes are ...
... Forest over the last few decades. Changes in carbon stocks, precipitation patterns, sea level rise, climate extremes are ...
Title
... as a result of severe drought. Two UN joint assessments conducted in 2008 and 2009 concluded that the drought is severe, the worst of the last 40 years and affected about one million people. ...
... as a result of severe drought. Two UN joint assessments conducted in 2008 and 2009 concluded that the drought is severe, the worst of the last 40 years and affected about one million people. ...
Climate Change
... Yemen Times: “The climate changes during the last few years and especially this year is a real concern for Yemen, particularly if the frequency of precipitation events diminish, putting rainfall and agriculture in peril and lead to a catastrophic drought,” said Anwar Abdulaziz, head of the Climate C ...
... Yemen Times: “The climate changes during the last few years and especially this year is a real concern for Yemen, particularly if the frequency of precipitation events diminish, putting rainfall and agriculture in peril and lead to a catastrophic drought,” said Anwar Abdulaziz, head of the Climate C ...
Climate Change Mitigation and The Kyoto Protocol
... A key objection raised by opponents of the Kyoto Protocol is that compliance to the target of reducing greenhouse-gas emissions by 5.3% by 2012 would impose an unacceptable economic burden. Based on an analysis of alternative scenarios for electricity generation over the next ten years, De Leo et al ...
... A key objection raised by opponents of the Kyoto Protocol is that compliance to the target of reducing greenhouse-gas emissions by 5.3% by 2012 would impose an unacceptable economic burden. Based on an analysis of alternative scenarios for electricity generation over the next ten years, De Leo et al ...
1 - QUBES Hub
... In these exercises, you will work with output from one set of climate models, created by the Canadian Centre for Climate Modeling and Analysis (CCCma), who have kindly made the results of a number of runs of their models available online. Information on the models can be found on the Models section ...
... In these exercises, you will work with output from one set of climate models, created by the Canadian Centre for Climate Modeling and Analysis (CCCma), who have kindly made the results of a number of runs of their models available online. Information on the models can be found on the Models section ...
Weather/Climate Prediction - Institute for Mathematical Sciences
... Sea ice, like clouds, is an important feedback mechanism for climate change. This is due mainly to the sea ice’s high albedo, meaning it reflects a lot of light. In contrast to the darker sea water beneath it, sea ice absorbs less solar energy, which keeps the Arctic cool. The cold temperature in th ...
... Sea ice, like clouds, is an important feedback mechanism for climate change. This is due mainly to the sea ice’s high albedo, meaning it reflects a lot of light. In contrast to the darker sea water beneath it, sea ice absorbs less solar energy, which keeps the Arctic cool. The cold temperature in th ...
Climate Change Support Booklet 2016
... Complete the paragraph below using the missing words in the box. The Earth’s __________ acts like the glass in a greenhouse. It is needed to keep the planet warm enough for life to _____. ________ passes through the Earth’s atmosphere and the Earth gives out infrared _________. Certain gases trap so ...
... Complete the paragraph below using the missing words in the box. The Earth’s __________ acts like the glass in a greenhouse. It is needed to keep the planet warm enough for life to _____. ________ passes through the Earth’s atmosphere and the Earth gives out infrared _________. Certain gases trap so ...
Climate-System Tipping Points and Extreme Weather Events
... The climate system is a most delicate fabric of interwoven planetary components (such as the atmosphere, the oceans, the cryosphere, the soils, and the ecosystems) that interact through intricate physical, chemical, geological and biological processes (such as advection, upwelling, sedimentation, ox ...
... The climate system is a most delicate fabric of interwoven planetary components (such as the atmosphere, the oceans, the cryosphere, the soils, and the ecosystems) that interact through intricate physical, chemical, geological and biological processes (such as advection, upwelling, sedimentation, ox ...
Global warming controversy
The global warming controversy concerns the public debate over whether global warming is occurring, how much has occurred in modern times, what has caused it, what its effects will be, whether any action should be taken to curb it, and if so what that action should be. In the scientific literature, there is a strong consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused primarily by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases. No scientific body of national or international standing disagrees with this view, though a few organizations with members in extractive industries hold non-committal positions. Disputes over the key scientific facts of global warming are now more prevalent in the popular media than in the scientific literature, where such issues are treated as resolved, and more in the United States than globally.Political and popular debate concerning the existence and cause of climate change includes the reasons for the increase seen in the instrumental temperature record, whether the warming trend exceeds normal climatic variations, and whether human activities have contributed significantly to it. Scientists have resolved many of these questions decisively in favour of the view that the current warming trend exists and is ongoing, that human activity is the primary cause, and that it is without precedent in at least 2000 years. Disputes that also reflect scientific debate include estimates of how responsive the climate system might be to any given level of greenhouse gases (climate sensitivity), and what the consequences of global warming will be.Global warming remains an issue of widespread political debate, often split along party political lines, especially in the United States. Many of the largely settled scientific issues, such as the human responsibility for global warming, remain the subject of politically or economically motivated attempts to downplay, dismiss or deny them – an ideological phenomenon categorised by academics and scientists as climate change denial. The sources of funding for those involved with climate science – both supporting and opposing mainstream scientific positions – have been questioned by both sides. There are debates about the best policy responses to the science, their cost-effectiveness and their urgency. Climate scientists, especially in the United States, have reported official and oil-industry pressure to censor or suppress their work and hide scientific data, with directives not to discuss the subject in public communications. Legal cases regarding global warming, its effects, and measures to reduce it have reached American courts. The fossil fuels lobby and free market think tanks have often been identified as overtly or covertly supporting efforts to undermine or discredit the scientific consensus on global warming.