Climate change challenges for European regions
... warmest years ever recorded since global surface temperatures are measured, i.e. since 1850.3 Over the last 100 years, global surface temperature has increased by 0.74°C.4 Sea level has risen by 17 cm during the 20th century.5 In the past few years we have witnessed more frequent extreme weather con ...
... warmest years ever recorded since global surface temperatures are measured, i.e. since 1850.3 Over the last 100 years, global surface temperature has increased by 0.74°C.4 Sea level has risen by 17 cm during the 20th century.5 In the past few years we have witnessed more frequent extreme weather con ...
ecvs in the stratosphere - CCI
... • Need for limb satellite sounders to be able to extend ECVs into the future. • In absence of future limb measurements, can use ground-based measurements to determine long-term changes, but need to test their representativeness using the ‘golden age’ of satellite limb sounders. ESA Climate Change ...
... • Need for limb satellite sounders to be able to extend ECVs into the future. • In absence of future limb measurements, can use ground-based measurements to determine long-term changes, but need to test their representativeness using the ‘golden age’ of satellite limb sounders. ESA Climate Change ...
IIASA International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis
... • World primary energy demand expected to increase by 33% between 2011 & 2035 (IEA) • Energy production and consumption contributes over 80% of global GHG emissions (IIASA) ...
... • World primary energy demand expected to increase by 33% between 2011 & 2035 (IEA) • Energy production and consumption contributes over 80% of global GHG emissions (IIASA) ...
Confronting Climate Change in California
... Ask students to observe current, and to research past, news coverage (say over the past year) on global warming. Ask them to make lists of the topics covered (new scientific discoveries, national and international political developments, discussion of climate change impacts, etc.), the people interv ...
... Ask students to observe current, and to research past, news coverage (say over the past year) on global warming. Ask them to make lists of the topics covered (new scientific discoveries, national and international political developments, discussion of climate change impacts, etc.), the people interv ...
http://eureka.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/66/1/TheWrongTrousers.pdf
... A. Gore, Earth in the Balance: Ecology and the Human Spirit, (Houghton Mifflin, New York, 1992) 240. ...
... A. Gore, Earth in the Balance: Ecology and the Human Spirit, (Houghton Mifflin, New York, 1992) 240. ...
here. - Climate Action Network South Asia
... from the state action plan, he further added that the state action plan needs to develop a holistic adaptation plan that would result in the enhancement of adaptive capacities, strengthen resilience, and reduce vulnerabilities, explore possibilities of international cooperation and specifically iden ...
... from the state action plan, he further added that the state action plan needs to develop a holistic adaptation plan that would result in the enhancement of adaptive capacities, strengthen resilience, and reduce vulnerabilities, explore possibilities of international cooperation and specifically iden ...
Impact of Climate Change on Pavement Performance: Preliminary Lessons Learned through the Infrastructure and Climate Network (ICNet). Climate Effects on Pavement and Geotechnical Infrastructure.
... The model was run for a time span of 100 years for two cases, with and without climate change. The average pavement life decreased from 16 (without climate change) to 4 years (with climate change) as a result of reduced effective subgrade and HMA modulus due to climate change. The maintenance costs ...
... The model was run for a time span of 100 years for two cases, with and without climate change. The average pavement life decreased from 16 (without climate change) to 4 years (with climate change) as a result of reduced effective subgrade and HMA modulus due to climate change. The maintenance costs ...
Assessing global biome exposure to climate change through the
... average principal component loadings of temperature and precipitation differences (an estimate of climate-related risks) were calculated on 14 biomes and 766 ecoregions. Results Our results suggest that most of the Earth’s biomes will probably undergo changes beyond the mH recorded levels of communi ...
... average principal component loadings of temperature and precipitation differences (an estimate of climate-related risks) were calculated on 14 biomes and 766 ecoregions. Results Our results suggest that most of the Earth’s biomes will probably undergo changes beyond the mH recorded levels of communi ...
Trend and Change Analysis of Monthly and Seasonal Temperature
... consequences of the intensity of sunlight falling to the surface and into the earth’s atmosphere [3]. Rapid industrialization, extensive use of fossil fuels and exploding population growth is the principal cause of the pronounced late twentiethcentury warming. [4] reported, the effects and evidences ...
... consequences of the intensity of sunlight falling to the surface and into the earth’s atmosphere [3]. Rapid industrialization, extensive use of fossil fuels and exploding population growth is the principal cause of the pronounced late twentiethcentury warming. [4] reported, the effects and evidences ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES THE CLIMATE POLICY DILEMMA Robert S. Pindyck
... The discount rate used to do this, which I will denote by δ, is called the pure rate of time preference, but since we are looking at welfare for society as a whole, we will call it the social rate of time preference. What is the “correct” value for this discount rate? We know from a broad range of s ...
... The discount rate used to do this, which I will denote by δ, is called the pure rate of time preference, but since we are looking at welfare for society as a whole, we will call it the social rate of time preference. What is the “correct” value for this discount rate? We know from a broad range of s ...
Problems with making and governing global kinds of knowledge
... us to distinguish between the universalising drive of scientific enquiry and what I call here the instinct to make global kinds of knowledge. Universal knowledge claims to be ‘true’ irrespective of scale and place, for example our understanding of the radiative properties of carbon dioxide molecules ...
... us to distinguish between the universalising drive of scientific enquiry and what I call here the instinct to make global kinds of knowledge. Universal knowledge claims to be ‘true’ irrespective of scale and place, for example our understanding of the radiative properties of carbon dioxide molecules ...
05.08.2008 Information Notice On Readjustment (Adaptation) to
... In the forthcoming ten years France plans to invest more than one billion euros in the improvement of the water infrastructure, energy production and transmission infrastructure, transport infrastructure, as well as in the protection against natural disasters, the improvement of the city environment ...
... In the forthcoming ten years France plans to invest more than one billion euros in the improvement of the water infrastructure, energy production and transmission infrastructure, transport infrastructure, as well as in the protection against natural disasters, the improvement of the city environment ...
Extreme Allergies and Global Warming
... dermatitis from exposure to poison ivy are already reported in the United States each year. These numbers are likely to increase if poison ivy grows faster and becomes more abundant. The reactions may also become more severe because poison ivy produces a more potent form of urushiol, the allergenic ...
... dermatitis from exposure to poison ivy are already reported in the United States each year. These numbers are likely to increase if poison ivy grows faster and becomes more abundant. The reactions may also become more severe because poison ivy produces a more potent form of urushiol, the allergenic ...
Climate Change - cloudfront.net
... countries for which quantitative estimates of future emissions can be made currently represent the lion's share of global population and emissions. These countries accounted for about 70 and 67 per cent of the global population in 1990 and 2005, respectively, and for 79 and 76 per cent of global gre ...
... countries for which quantitative estimates of future emissions can be made currently represent the lion's share of global population and emissions. These countries accounted for about 70 and 67 per cent of the global population in 1990 and 2005, respectively, and for 79 and 76 per cent of global gre ...
PowerPoint presentation (PPT file)
... characterized by relatively smaller uncertainties; Tier 3: Higher order methods involving detailed modeling and/or inventory measurement systems driven by data at a greater resolution that provide estimates with lower uncertainties than the previous two methods. ...
... characterized by relatively smaller uncertainties; Tier 3: Higher order methods involving detailed modeling and/or inventory measurement systems driven by data at a greater resolution that provide estimates with lower uncertainties than the previous two methods. ...
PDF
... Even though some of the results of the two last United Nations Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen (2009) and in Cancun (2010) can be ascribed to the vagaries of the diplomatic process and the divergences in views about how to untie the climate and development Gordian Knot (Hourcade et al, 2009b ...
... Even though some of the results of the two last United Nations Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen (2009) and in Cancun (2010) can be ascribed to the vagaries of the diplomatic process and the divergences in views about how to untie the climate and development Gordian Knot (Hourcade et al, 2009b ...
AerChemMIP (Aerosols and Chemistry MIP)
... Anthropogenic emissions of NTCFs have been responsible for a climate forcing that is presently nearly equal in magnitude to CO2-forcing. These emissions have led to a variety of global climate impacts such as regional patterns of temperature and precipitation, with a magnitude similar to the global- ...
... Anthropogenic emissions of NTCFs have been responsible for a climate forcing that is presently nearly equal in magnitude to CO2-forcing. These emissions have led to a variety of global climate impacts such as regional patterns of temperature and precipitation, with a magnitude similar to the global- ...
Tackling climate change in England`s regions
... through a number of policy initiatives. In planning guidance, tackling climate change is identified as a priority in Planning Policy Statement (PPS) 1: Delivering Sustainable Development; with further reference in PPS 7: Sustainable Development in Rural Areas; PPS 9: Biodiversity and Geological Cons ...
... through a number of policy initiatives. In planning guidance, tackling climate change is identified as a priority in Planning Policy Statement (PPS) 1: Delivering Sustainable Development; with further reference in PPS 7: Sustainable Development in Rural Areas; PPS 9: Biodiversity and Geological Cons ...
PowerPoint Presentation - The Evergreen State College
... We develop a model for investigating Sun-climate questions in an interdisciplinary college classroom. A solar physicist and an biological oceanographer will work together in 2006 to identify key open questions suitable for analysis by undergraduates, in an integrated academic program on climate chan ...
... We develop a model for investigating Sun-climate questions in an interdisciplinary college classroom. A solar physicist and an biological oceanographer will work together in 2006 to identify key open questions suitable for analysis by undergraduates, in an integrated academic program on climate chan ...
2.3 Climate Scenarios
... How to Set up Climate Scenarios • The most import step on an impact study is to setup climate change scenarios. There are four methods to define climate scenarios. 1. Based on GCMs’ projections 2. Assumptions • T=+2 oC; +4 oC • P= 0%, 10%, 20% ...
... How to Set up Climate Scenarios • The most import step on an impact study is to setup climate change scenarios. There are four methods to define climate scenarios. 1. Based on GCMs’ projections 2. Assumptions • T=+2 oC; +4 oC • P= 0%, 10%, 20% ...
Como (Italy) November, 24
... Human beings have also been affected by and have adapted to changes in local climate, which, in general terms, have occurred very slowly. Over the past century, however, human activities have begun to affect the global climate. These effects are due not only to population growth, but also to the int ...
... Human beings have also been affected by and have adapted to changes in local climate, which, in general terms, have occurred very slowly. Over the past century, however, human activities have begun to affect the global climate. These effects are due not only to population growth, but also to the int ...
On the feedback of stratospheric clouds on polar climate
... radiation are then differenced to obtain the change due to PSCs. In addition, for the Eocene temperature distribution, an additional model run was made, denoted ‘‘Eocene (SP)’’, in which PSCs are imposed as in Sloan and Pollard [1998], occurring at 60 mb with unity optical depth in all regions of po ...
... radiation are then differenced to obtain the change due to PSCs. In addition, for the Eocene temperature distribution, an additional model run was made, denoted ‘‘Eocene (SP)’’, in which PSCs are imposed as in Sloan and Pollard [1998], occurring at 60 mb with unity optical depth in all regions of po ...
Global warming controversy
The global warming controversy concerns the public debate over whether global warming is occurring, how much has occurred in modern times, what has caused it, what its effects will be, whether any action should be taken to curb it, and if so what that action should be. In the scientific literature, there is a strong consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused primarily by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases. No scientific body of national or international standing disagrees with this view, though a few organizations with members in extractive industries hold non-committal positions. Disputes over the key scientific facts of global warming are now more prevalent in the popular media than in the scientific literature, where such issues are treated as resolved, and more in the United States than globally.Political and popular debate concerning the existence and cause of climate change includes the reasons for the increase seen in the instrumental temperature record, whether the warming trend exceeds normal climatic variations, and whether human activities have contributed significantly to it. Scientists have resolved many of these questions decisively in favour of the view that the current warming trend exists and is ongoing, that human activity is the primary cause, and that it is without precedent in at least 2000 years. Disputes that also reflect scientific debate include estimates of how responsive the climate system might be to any given level of greenhouse gases (climate sensitivity), and what the consequences of global warming will be.Global warming remains an issue of widespread political debate, often split along party political lines, especially in the United States. Many of the largely settled scientific issues, such as the human responsibility for global warming, remain the subject of politically or economically motivated attempts to downplay, dismiss or deny them – an ideological phenomenon categorised by academics and scientists as climate change denial. The sources of funding for those involved with climate science – both supporting and opposing mainstream scientific positions – have been questioned by both sides. There are debates about the best policy responses to the science, their cost-effectiveness and their urgency. Climate scientists, especially in the United States, have reported official and oil-industry pressure to censor or suppress their work and hide scientific data, with directives not to discuss the subject in public communications. Legal cases regarding global warming, its effects, and measures to reduce it have reached American courts. The fossil fuels lobby and free market think tanks have often been identified as overtly or covertly supporting efforts to undermine or discredit the scientific consensus on global warming.