The Human Condition in the Anthropocene
... turn, on an over-all basis.” But “where is this complete man?” asks Jaspers, and answers: “He is e very individual including the lecturing specialist.”11 Yet, clearly, this general reader or the complete man is not the empirical “every individual,” for Jaspers himself admitted that even as he was ...
... turn, on an over-all basis.” But “where is this complete man?” asks Jaspers, and answers: “He is e very individual including the lecturing specialist.”11 Yet, clearly, this general reader or the complete man is not the empirical “every individual,” for Jaspers himself admitted that even as he was ...
Annex 5: Changes to the Atlantic Ocean circulation (Gulf Stream)
... conclusion of Bryden et al. (2005), citing the recent warming seen in the North Atlantic as indication of a stronger MOC during the 1990s (e.g. Latif et al. 2006; Knight et al. 2005), although this indirect observational method is based on links identified in climate models rather than directly from ...
... conclusion of Bryden et al. (2005), citing the recent warming seen in the North Atlantic as indication of a stronger MOC during the 1990s (e.g. Latif et al. 2006; Knight et al. 2005), although this indirect observational method is based on links identified in climate models rather than directly from ...
The Effect of Urban Heat Island on Climate Warming in the Yangtze
... environment and natural and social ecosystems, it is vital to describe the formation mechanism of climatic variations on regional to local scales. Cities have a warmer climate than rural areas due to the urban heat island (UHI), which represents one of the most significant human-induced changes to e ...
... environment and natural and social ecosystems, it is vital to describe the formation mechanism of climatic variations on regional to local scales. Cities have a warmer climate than rural areas due to the urban heat island (UHI), which represents one of the most significant human-induced changes to e ...
Small Satellite Constellation for Global Aerosol Monitoring of the
... be given to proposals to deliberately engineer climate to offset global warming by changing the loading or size and composition of the stratospheric particles in a Solar Radiation Management (SRM) program. Detection, attribution, and efficacy of such efforts require not only monitoring but also a pr ...
... be given to proposals to deliberately engineer climate to offset global warming by changing the loading or size and composition of the stratospheric particles in a Solar Radiation Management (SRM) program. Detection, attribution, and efficacy of such efforts require not only monitoring but also a pr ...
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... to reduce green house gas emissions suggested by various bodies such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). According to Evans et al. (2011), research and development was proposed to support the strategies in enabling the agricultural sector to respond to climate change. Science’s ...
... to reduce green house gas emissions suggested by various bodies such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). According to Evans et al. (2011), research and development was proposed to support the strategies in enabling the agricultural sector to respond to climate change. Science’s ...
Downscaling Tools - University of Victoria
... Modelling of precipitation events is based on wet/dry series Semi-empirical distributions are used for precipitation amounts, dry/wet series and solar radiation Temperature and solar radiation are conditioned on the wet/dry status of a day Temperature and solar radiation are cross-correlated The Can ...
... Modelling of precipitation events is based on wet/dry series Semi-empirical distributions are used for precipitation amounts, dry/wet series and solar radiation Temperature and solar radiation are conditioned on the wet/dry status of a day Temperature and solar radiation are cross-correlated The Can ...
Climate and land use change impacts on global terrestrial
... Since HadGEM2-ES and other ESMs have been used to provide data for the 5th Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), they are likely to be widely used for driving models of ecosystem and hydrological impacts, and previous experience suggests that these studies will give a range of different res ...
... Since HadGEM2-ES and other ESMs have been used to provide data for the 5th Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), they are likely to be widely used for driving models of ecosystem and hydrological impacts, and previous experience suggests that these studies will give a range of different res ...
communicating climate change: closing the science
... ‘runaway’ greenhouse effect, or geoengineering as an ‘emergency’ response evoke apocalyptic fears in lay audiences. Many climate change communicators believe that a sufficient dose of fear can serve as an effective motivator to increase the issue’s urgency and get people to ‘do something.’ Certainly, ...
... ‘runaway’ greenhouse effect, or geoengineering as an ‘emergency’ response evoke apocalyptic fears in lay audiences. Many climate change communicators believe that a sufficient dose of fear can serve as an effective motivator to increase the issue’s urgency and get people to ‘do something.’ Certainly, ...
Cap and Trade or a Carbon Tax? How to Reduce CO Emissions
... political philosophy is the idea that we cannot discount harm merely because it occurs in the future. “If we can foresee that our current actions will, in the future, cause harm to or violate the rights of some future person, or if they are highly likely to do so,” then we must refrain from engaging ...
... political philosophy is the idea that we cannot discount harm merely because it occurs in the future. “If we can foresee that our current actions will, in the future, cause harm to or violate the rights of some future person, or if they are highly likely to do so,” then we must refrain from engaging ...
Mao et al., 2016. - Site BU
... For the ALL simulations, models including the nitrogen cycle exhibited higher LAI trends than those lacking explicit nitrogen cycles, reflecting in part a human influence from increased nitrogen deposition (Supplementary Fig. 7a,b). Consistent with the results of offline land surface models includin ...
... For the ALL simulations, models including the nitrogen cycle exhibited higher LAI trends than those lacking explicit nitrogen cycles, reflecting in part a human influence from increased nitrogen deposition (Supplementary Fig. 7a,b). Consistent with the results of offline land surface models includin ...
IEAGHG Information Paper: 2016-IP10; CCAC Annual Science Update 2015 11/04/2016
... room air conditioning could save between 340-790 gigawatts of peak power load globally. This action is also expected to lead to an avoided CO2 emission of up to approximately 98 billion tonnes of CO2 by 2050 (see Section 2.4). Policies for SLCP abatement The following highlights the main message fro ...
... room air conditioning could save between 340-790 gigawatts of peak power load globally. This action is also expected to lead to an avoided CO2 emission of up to approximately 98 billion tonnes of CO2 by 2050 (see Section 2.4). Policies for SLCP abatement The following highlights the main message fro ...
A Summary of the Assessment Process of the Intergovernmental
... Prior to election of the Chair and Bureau, the Panel decides whether to undertake a comprehensive assessment, and sets a timetable for its completion. This determines the term of office of the Bureau. The decision to undertake the AR4 was taken in 2002. Similarly the Fifth Assessment round began wit ...
... Prior to election of the Chair and Bureau, the Panel decides whether to undertake a comprehensive assessment, and sets a timetable for its completion. This determines the term of office of the Bureau. The decision to undertake the AR4 was taken in 2002. Similarly the Fifth Assessment round began wit ...
Feeling the Heat in Florida
... responsible for both these trends. There are key areas about which there is no doubt. First, certain gases trap heat within the Earth’s atmosphere. Second, pollution from cars, power plants, and other sources are increasing the amount of these gases in the atmosphere, leading to their highest concen ...
... responsible for both these trends. There are key areas about which there is no doubt. First, certain gases trap heat within the Earth’s atmosphere. Second, pollution from cars, power plants, and other sources are increasing the amount of these gases in the atmosphere, leading to their highest concen ...
Adaptation and the poor: development, resilience and transition ■ synthesis article
... The need for adaptation is urgent in the context of developing countries, where adaptation must be coupled with efforts to improve rural and urban livelihoods, especially for the poorest and most vulnerable (UNHABITAT, 2003). Development, as theory, strategy and practice, advocates and promotes prof ...
... The need for adaptation is urgent in the context of developing countries, where adaptation must be coupled with efforts to improve rural and urban livelihoods, especially for the poorest and most vulnerable (UNHABITAT, 2003). Development, as theory, strategy and practice, advocates and promotes prof ...
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... records of sunspots, it is not entirely clear what the values of TSI were during that time. Recent ...
... records of sunspots, it is not entirely clear what the values of TSI were during that time. Recent ...
Influence of feedback on the stochastic evolution of simple climate systems
... Figure 1. Evolution of the normalized pdf for the case of positive feedback and fast temperature relaxation for p(T , t|T (0)), equation (2.3). For illustrative purposes, parameters have been chosen to match conventional global warming scenarios (http://www.ipcc.ch/). The initial CO2 concentration ...
... Figure 1. Evolution of the normalized pdf for the case of positive feedback and fast temperature relaxation for p(T , t|T (0)), equation (2.3). For illustrative purposes, parameters have been chosen to match conventional global warming scenarios (http://www.ipcc.ch/). The initial CO2 concentration ...
Observations: Surface and Atmospheric Climate Change
... the ship near engine inlets. Biases can also vary by nation. The biases are not large enough to prejudice conclusions about recent warming. The increasing amount of buoy data, although in principle more accurate than most ship measurements, introduces further inhomogeneities (Kent and Challenor, 200 ...
... the ship near engine inlets. Biases can also vary by nation. The biases are not large enough to prejudice conclusions about recent warming. The increasing amount of buoy data, although in principle more accurate than most ship measurements, introduces further inhomogeneities (Kent and Challenor, 200 ...
climate change: the missing topic in zimbabwean secondary school
... making to bring newspapers to the school libraries. These were however inadequate as at times they did not provide information on causes of climate change as well as the science involved in the process. They were often limited to impacts. Students also revealed that they could spend more than two mo ...
... making to bring newspapers to the school libraries. These were however inadequate as at times they did not provide information on causes of climate change as well as the science involved in the process. They were often limited to impacts. Students also revealed that they could spend more than two mo ...
Cultural Responses to Climate Change During the Late Holocene
... Fig. 2. Millennial-scale climate variability during the Holocene. (A) Oxygen isotope data from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) ice core initially suggested that Holocene climates were stable (16) [‰, per mil; PDB, Pee Dee belemnite]; however, detailed and well-dated Holocene records of (B) ...
... Fig. 2. Millennial-scale climate variability during the Holocene. (A) Oxygen isotope data from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) ice core initially suggested that Holocene climates were stable (16) [‰, per mil; PDB, Pee Dee belemnite]; however, detailed and well-dated Holocene records of (B) ...
PNC_JHYOO - Pacific Neighborhood Consortium
... Decisions under uncertainty are made all the time by individuals, firms and businesses, governments, etc. What is important is to accurately characterize and communicate uncertainty (i.e. avoiding use of subjective language such as likely, unlikely, etc.) APEC Climate Center ...
... Decisions under uncertainty are made all the time by individuals, firms and businesses, governments, etc. What is important is to accurately characterize and communicate uncertainty (i.e. avoiding use of subjective language such as likely, unlikely, etc.) APEC Climate Center ...
climate change: health impacts and opportunities
... Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCCWG2), Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability, describes in worrying detail, the current and future impacts of climate change; as well as the challenges we face in mitigating further climate change and adapting to its impacts. This co ...
... Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCCWG2), Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability, describes in worrying detail, the current and future impacts of climate change; as well as the challenges we face in mitigating further climate change and adapting to its impacts. This co ...
The Perspectives of Climate Scientists on Global Climate Change
... must be done carefully due to the complexity of the issues, and the results must be carefully weighed. Science does not advance through “consensus,” but rather by scientists repeatedly testing current hypotheses and proposing new ones. In the case of global warming, much of the science is so new tha ...
... must be done carefully due to the complexity of the issues, and the results must be carefully weighed. Science does not advance through “consensus,” but rather by scientists repeatedly testing current hypotheses and proposing new ones. In the case of global warming, much of the science is so new tha ...
Global warming controversy
The global warming controversy concerns the public debate over whether global warming is occurring, how much has occurred in modern times, what has caused it, what its effects will be, whether any action should be taken to curb it, and if so what that action should be. In the scientific literature, there is a strong consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused primarily by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases. No scientific body of national or international standing disagrees with this view, though a few organizations with members in extractive industries hold non-committal positions. Disputes over the key scientific facts of global warming are now more prevalent in the popular media than in the scientific literature, where such issues are treated as resolved, and more in the United States than globally.Political and popular debate concerning the existence and cause of climate change includes the reasons for the increase seen in the instrumental temperature record, whether the warming trend exceeds normal climatic variations, and whether human activities have contributed significantly to it. Scientists have resolved many of these questions decisively in favour of the view that the current warming trend exists and is ongoing, that human activity is the primary cause, and that it is without precedent in at least 2000 years. Disputes that also reflect scientific debate include estimates of how responsive the climate system might be to any given level of greenhouse gases (climate sensitivity), and what the consequences of global warming will be.Global warming remains an issue of widespread political debate, often split along party political lines, especially in the United States. Many of the largely settled scientific issues, such as the human responsibility for global warming, remain the subject of politically or economically motivated attempts to downplay, dismiss or deny them – an ideological phenomenon categorised by academics and scientists as climate change denial. The sources of funding for those involved with climate science – both supporting and opposing mainstream scientific positions – have been questioned by both sides. There are debates about the best policy responses to the science, their cost-effectiveness and their urgency. Climate scientists, especially in the United States, have reported official and oil-industry pressure to censor or suppress their work and hide scientific data, with directives not to discuss the subject in public communications. Legal cases regarding global warming, its effects, and measures to reduce it have reached American courts. The fossil fuels lobby and free market think tanks have often been identified as overtly or covertly supporting efforts to undermine or discredit the scientific consensus on global warming.