responding to changes in nature
... Wales and contribute to sustainable development. Scientific evidence clearly indicates that the climate itself is changing and will continue to do so even if concerted international action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions is successful. Whilst we have already started to account for such changes, f ...
... Wales and contribute to sustainable development. Scientific evidence clearly indicates that the climate itself is changing and will continue to do so even if concerted international action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions is successful. Whilst we have already started to account for such changes, f ...
19. Global change
... Layer) and took concrete steps to address the problem. In contrast, the facts about the other issue (global warming) are still intensely debated by scientists, government agencies, industry and environmental groups. Most people in North America place their concerns with other environmental issues fa ...
... Layer) and took concrete steps to address the problem. In contrast, the facts about the other issue (global warming) are still intensely debated by scientists, government agencies, industry and environmental groups. Most people in North America place their concerns with other environmental issues fa ...
WARMER PERIODS IN THE SLOVAK MOUNTAINS ACCORDING
... some stations in the Central Europe. We attempted to find warmer periods in this long time series and to analyse these periods by an analogue method. According to IPCC (2001) temporal analogues make use of climatic information from the past as an analogue for possible future climate. Periods of obse ...
... some stations in the Central Europe. We attempted to find warmer periods in this long time series and to analyse these periods by an analogue method. According to IPCC (2001) temporal analogues make use of climatic information from the past as an analogue for possible future climate. Periods of obse ...
Appealed to ITU and its Administrations to ensure the absolute
... some specific areas of the World, such as low-lying coastal areas due to the rise in sea levels. The radiocommunication services are already capable to monitor and detect many negative effects caused by climate change including any change of the sea level. For example the satellite remote sensing sy ...
... some specific areas of the World, such as low-lying coastal areas due to the rise in sea levels. The radiocommunication services are already capable to monitor and detect many negative effects caused by climate change including any change of the sea level. For example the satellite remote sensing sy ...
The Hartwell Paper - LSE Research Online
... multilateral diplomacy through large set-piece conferences had been called into question. So too was the leading role in global climate policy previously assumed by Europe. China, India, Brazil and South Africa in particular took initiative and expressed different views from those of the previous ru ...
... multilateral diplomacy through large set-piece conferences had been called into question. So too was the leading role in global climate policy previously assumed by Europe. China, India, Brazil and South Africa in particular took initiative and expressed different views from those of the previous ru ...
Seasonal and spatial heterogeneity of recent sea surface
... were significant in most of the study area (Fig. 3F) with an average of 0.33 °C decade1 (Fig. 3E). A much decreased, non-significant summer warming was observed in the upwelling areas of Yucatan and the southern Caribbean Sea, as well as in the Lake Maracaibo (Venezuela) and the eastern Florida shelf ...
... were significant in most of the study area (Fig. 3F) with an average of 0.33 °C decade1 (Fig. 3E). A much decreased, non-significant summer warming was observed in the upwelling areas of Yucatan and the southern Caribbean Sea, as well as in the Lake Maracaibo (Venezuela) and the eastern Florida shelf ...
Climate of the Past
... (Fig. 1 and Table 1). An existing ensemble of 115 simulations (Goosse et al., 2005b, 2006), covering at least the period 1001 AD-2000AD, is first presented (35 simulations starting in 1 AD, 30 starting in 851 AD and 50 starting in 1001 AD). The forcing due to long-term changes in orbital parameters ...
... (Fig. 1 and Table 1). An existing ensemble of 115 simulations (Goosse et al., 2005b, 2006), covering at least the period 1001 AD-2000AD, is first presented (35 simulations starting in 1 AD, 30 starting in 851 AD and 50 starting in 1001 AD). The forcing due to long-term changes in orbital parameters ...
The Geoengineering Option
... caused even greater cooling that lasted longer. Unlike eªorts to control emissions of greenhouse gases, which will take many years to yield a noticeable eªect, volcano-like strategies for cooling the planet would work relatively promptly. Another lesson from volcanoes is that a geoengineering system ...
... caused even greater cooling that lasted longer. Unlike eªorts to control emissions of greenhouse gases, which will take many years to yield a noticeable eªect, volcano-like strategies for cooling the planet would work relatively promptly. Another lesson from volcanoes is that a geoengineering system ...
Three Key Elements of Post-2012 International Climate Policy
... discussed climate target of stabilizing atmospheric CO2 concentrations at or below 450 parts per million (ppm) without significant reductions by China and India. The Kyoto Protocol may not be as fair as originally intended, given how dramatically the world has changed since the UNFCCC divided count ...
... discussed climate target of stabilizing atmospheric CO2 concentrations at or below 450 parts per million (ppm) without significant reductions by China and India. The Kyoto Protocol may not be as fair as originally intended, given how dramatically the world has changed since the UNFCCC divided count ...
Global change: state of the science
... What these gases do not have in common is the way their emissions have been treated. Production and emissions of the recognized harmful chemicals have been eliminated as a result of national and international policy to protect the ozone layer. Replacements that do not signi®cantly aect ozone have g ...
... What these gases do not have in common is the way their emissions have been treated. Production and emissions of the recognized harmful chemicals have been eliminated as a result of national and international policy to protect the ozone layer. Replacements that do not signi®cantly aect ozone have g ...
Climate Change News 27 April 12
... In "Mechanisms for Agricultural Climate Change Mitigation Incentives for Smallholders," CCAFS stresses the important role of smallholders in climate change mitigation and adaptation, particularly considering the large area of land under their management. The report also identifies the risks posed b ...
... In "Mechanisms for Agricultural Climate Change Mitigation Incentives for Smallholders," CCAFS stresses the important role of smallholders in climate change mitigation and adaptation, particularly considering the large area of land under their management. The report also identifies the risks posed b ...
2020: The Climate Turning Point
... oil combined, and in 2015 the sector overtook coal in terms of cumulative installed capacity20. The latest modeling indicates that by 2020, demand for coal and oil will have peaked21. The signs are already visible: at the end of 2016, the International Energy Agency (IEA) cut its forecast for future ...
... oil combined, and in 2015 the sector overtook coal in terms of cumulative installed capacity20. The latest modeling indicates that by 2020, demand for coal and oil will have peaked21. The signs are already visible: at the end of 2016, the International Energy Agency (IEA) cut its forecast for future ...
View/Open
... 2010). This calls for clear mitigation and adaptation strategies in order to deal with the threats posed by climate change, which is also stipulated in Kenya’s National Climate Change Response Strategy (NCCRS) (2010) as well as in the National Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP) ...
... 2010). This calls for clear mitigation and adaptation strategies in order to deal with the threats posed by climate change, which is also stipulated in Kenya’s National Climate Change Response Strategy (NCCRS) (2010) as well as in the National Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP) ...
How far are biodiversity loss and climate change similar as policy
... are therefore of direct importance to some of the world’s largest corporations, with highly developed technical and financial planning and executive capacity. On the other hand, the impact of biodiversity loss on industrial sectors is less immediately significant and more diffuse. There are numerous ...
... are therefore of direct importance to some of the world’s largest corporations, with highly developed technical and financial planning and executive capacity. On the other hand, the impact of biodiversity loss on industrial sectors is less immediately significant and more diffuse. There are numerous ...
PFCs
... Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)1 and the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer2 to prepare a balanced scientific, technical and policy relevant report regarding alternatives to ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) that affect the global climate system. It has been ...
... Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)1 and the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer2 to prepare a balanced scientific, technical and policy relevant report regarding alternatives to ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) that affect the global climate system. It has been ...
Water Climate Change Impacts
... performed with and without increased levels of greenhouse gases. The change in the frequency of the extreme event under investigation shows how much more or less likely such an event has become due to climate change. This is known as “fractional attribution”. In this edition of the report card we ha ...
... performed with and without increased levels of greenhouse gases. The change in the frequency of the extreme event under investigation shows how much more or less likely such an event has become due to climate change. This is known as “fractional attribution”. In this edition of the report card we ha ...
Climate change and the human right to health
... change as changes to the physical environment resulting from climate change that have significant deleterious effects on human health and welfare. Article 3 calls upon Parties to the Convention to take measures to minimize the causes of climate change and minimize its adverse effects, including on ...
... change as changes to the physical environment resulting from climate change that have significant deleterious effects on human health and welfare. Article 3 calls upon Parties to the Convention to take measures to minimize the causes of climate change and minimize its adverse effects, including on ...
Economic Impacts of Climate Change on Ohio
... Since the early 1990s, and especially during the 21st century, significant progress has been made in understanding the impacts of climate change at national, regional, and local scales. The Canadian and Hadley climate change models are cited most frequently and we look first to these, yet there are ...
... Since the early 1990s, and especially during the 21st century, significant progress has been made in understanding the impacts of climate change at national, regional, and local scales. The Canadian and Hadley climate change models are cited most frequently and we look first to these, yet there are ...
Journal of Climate (Proof Only)
... of the climate—especially for the effectiveness of geoengineering to avoid the two polar emergencies that we consider here. Even if the negating effect of a sulfate layer was perfect, there is also some question as to just how feasible it is to tune to the correct amount of sulfate in the real world ...
... of the climate—especially for the effectiveness of geoengineering to avoid the two polar emergencies that we consider here. Even if the negating effect of a sulfate layer was perfect, there is also some question as to just how feasible it is to tune to the correct amount of sulfate in the real world ...
Regional Climate Messages for Southern Africa
... and longer term variability in the climate system results from natural processes both internal and external to the climate system. On decadal, multi-decadal and centennial time scales, major modes of variability are found in the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian and Southern Oceans, and they can have substa ...
... and longer term variability in the climate system results from natural processes both internal and external to the climate system. On decadal, multi-decadal and centennial time scales, major modes of variability are found in the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian and Southern Oceans, and they can have substa ...
Evidence for intensification of the global water cycle: Review and
... relative humidity overestimate the warming-induced water vapor feedback. Their data suggest that the relationship between UT humidity and sea surface temperature within the convective regions of the tropical oceans lies between the cases of constant mixing ratio (specific humidity) and constant rela ...
... relative humidity overestimate the warming-induced water vapor feedback. Their data suggest that the relationship between UT humidity and sea surface temperature within the convective regions of the tropical oceans lies between the cases of constant mixing ratio (specific humidity) and constant rela ...
Climate change and the human right to health
... change as changes to the physical environment resulting from climate change that have significant deleterious effects on human health and welfare. Article 3 calls upon Parties to the Convention to take measures to minimize the causes of climate change and minimize its adverse effects, including on ...
... change as changes to the physical environment resulting from climate change that have significant deleterious effects on human health and welfare. Article 3 calls upon Parties to the Convention to take measures to minimize the causes of climate change and minimize its adverse effects, including on ...
Global warming controversy
The global warming controversy concerns the public debate over whether global warming is occurring, how much has occurred in modern times, what has caused it, what its effects will be, whether any action should be taken to curb it, and if so what that action should be. In the scientific literature, there is a strong consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused primarily by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases. No scientific body of national or international standing disagrees with this view, though a few organizations with members in extractive industries hold non-committal positions. Disputes over the key scientific facts of global warming are now more prevalent in the popular media than in the scientific literature, where such issues are treated as resolved, and more in the United States than globally.Political and popular debate concerning the existence and cause of climate change includes the reasons for the increase seen in the instrumental temperature record, whether the warming trend exceeds normal climatic variations, and whether human activities have contributed significantly to it. Scientists have resolved many of these questions decisively in favour of the view that the current warming trend exists and is ongoing, that human activity is the primary cause, and that it is without precedent in at least 2000 years. Disputes that also reflect scientific debate include estimates of how responsive the climate system might be to any given level of greenhouse gases (climate sensitivity), and what the consequences of global warming will be.Global warming remains an issue of widespread political debate, often split along party political lines, especially in the United States. Many of the largely settled scientific issues, such as the human responsibility for global warming, remain the subject of politically or economically motivated attempts to downplay, dismiss or deny them – an ideological phenomenon categorised by academics and scientists as climate change denial. The sources of funding for those involved with climate science – both supporting and opposing mainstream scientific positions – have been questioned by both sides. There are debates about the best policy responses to the science, their cost-effectiveness and their urgency. Climate scientists, especially in the United States, have reported official and oil-industry pressure to censor or suppress their work and hide scientific data, with directives not to discuss the subject in public communications. Legal cases regarding global warming, its effects, and measures to reduce it have reached American courts. The fossil fuels lobby and free market think tanks have often been identified as overtly or covertly supporting efforts to undermine or discredit the scientific consensus on global warming.