Tracking adaptation and measuring development
... Existing and emerging results frameworks such as those mentioned above address these problems to a very limited extent, if at all. For example, where such frameworks seek to measure adaptation success in terms of the achievement of intended development outcomes, the way in which such ‘success’ will ...
... Existing and emerging results frameworks such as those mentioned above address these problems to a very limited extent, if at all. For example, where such frameworks seek to measure adaptation success in terms of the achievement of intended development outcomes, the way in which such ‘success’ will ...
A Geographic Mosaic of Climate Change Impacts on Terrestrial
... Much of this uncertainty reflects socio-economic uncertainty regarding trajectories of population growth, land use change, and especially the rate and total amount of greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere [1]. In addition, global climate models vary in their sensitivity to greenhouse gases and ...
... Much of this uncertainty reflects socio-economic uncertainty regarding trajectories of population growth, land use change, and especially the rate and total amount of greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere [1]. In addition, global climate models vary in their sensitivity to greenhouse gases and ...
English
... Partly due to their high representation in informal employment or that which is based in natural resources or agriculture, as well as their lower levels of education, women can be more vulnerable to and less able to adapt to climate change. They experience greater financial and resource constraints, ...
... Partly due to their high representation in informal employment or that which is based in natural resources or agriculture, as well as their lower levels of education, women can be more vulnerable to and less able to adapt to climate change. They experience greater financial and resource constraints, ...
mitigating climate change in the tea sector
... Smallholder farmers supplying to Chinga were trained in the mitigation manual at the farm level. This publication has used Chinga as an example but it can be used in any tea factory. This publication has been divided into three main manuals aimed at different actors in the tea sector. These are: 1. ...
... Smallholder farmers supplying to Chinga were trained in the mitigation manual at the farm level. This publication has used Chinga as an example but it can be used in any tea factory. This publication has been divided into three main manuals aimed at different actors in the tea sector. These are: 1. ...
Rocky Mountain Forests at Risk - Union of Concerned Scientists
... temperatures would be far hotter than they have been in several thousand years. Our new analysis of information used in the 2014 National Climate Assessment shows that, given very low future carbon emissions, average temperatures in the six Rocky Mountain states could rise to about 3°F above 1971– ...
... temperatures would be far hotter than they have been in several thousand years. Our new analysis of information used in the 2014 National Climate Assessment shows that, given very low future carbon emissions, average temperatures in the six Rocky Mountain states could rise to about 3°F above 1971– ...
Co-benefits of climate policy
... oecd countries (particularly in the us) in the mid-term, whereas in developing countries these benefits will only in the longer run show to be significant. This is the main message of a report published by the Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (pbl), titled ‘Co-benefits of climate policy’ ...
... oecd countries (particularly in the us) in the mid-term, whereas in developing countries these benefits will only in the longer run show to be significant. This is the main message of a report published by the Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (pbl), titled ‘Co-benefits of climate policy’ ...
LCCARL394_en.pdf
... Staycations usually refers to individuals choosing to vacation in their home country rather than vacation in another country. ...
... Staycations usually refers to individuals choosing to vacation in their home country rather than vacation in another country. ...
Combinations of Natural and Anthropogenic Forcings in Twentieth
... they are all included together, there is a close correspondence as shown in Fig. 2c. This suggests that, for globally averaged temperature, additivity holds and responses from individual forcings can be combined linearly. The good correspondence between the model simulations and the observations sho ...
... they are all included together, there is a close correspondence as shown in Fig. 2c. This suggests that, for globally averaged temperature, additivity holds and responses from individual forcings can be combined linearly. The good correspondence between the model simulations and the observations sho ...
Document
... • Adaptation is not solved overnight – It takes persistence – Effective governance on adaptation can take a decade to build ...
... • Adaptation is not solved overnight – It takes persistence – Effective governance on adaptation can take a decade to build ...
Framework Programme on Climate Change Adaptation
... adaptation, climate-related disaster risk management or a combination of adaptation and mitigation. This means that while these activities reduce existing adaptation deficits and lay a foundation for longterm resilience, they will simultaneously enhance sustainable production increases and food secur ...
... adaptation, climate-related disaster risk management or a combination of adaptation and mitigation. This means that while these activities reduce existing adaptation deficits and lay a foundation for longterm resilience, they will simultaneously enhance sustainable production increases and food secur ...
REPORTS A CLIMATIC DRIVER FOR ABRUPT MID-HOLOCENE VEGETATION D
... 2000, Shuman et al. 2001, 2004, 2005b, Calcote 2003). These findings, coupled with evidence that mid-Holocene climate fluctuations may be linked to changes in solar activity (Magny and Haas 2004, Magny et al. 2006), raise again the potential of an important role for environmental change in this striki ...
... 2000, Shuman et al. 2001, 2004, 2005b, Calcote 2003). These findings, coupled with evidence that mid-Holocene climate fluctuations may be linked to changes in solar activity (Magny and Haas 2004, Magny et al. 2006), raise again the potential of an important role for environmental change in this striki ...
Long-Term Climate Change Commitment and Reversibility: An EMIC Intercomparison Please share
... This paper summarizes the results of an intercomparison project with Earth System Models of Intermediate Complexity (EMICs) undertaken in support of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5). The focus is on long-term climate projections designed to 1) quanti ...
... This paper summarizes the results of an intercomparison project with Earth System Models of Intermediate Complexity (EMICs) undertaken in support of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5). The focus is on long-term climate projections designed to 1) quanti ...
climate change under nepa: avoiding cursory consideration of
... major federal agency action under NEPA,6 it does not require agencies to select the most “environmentally friendly” alternative or commit to any specific mitigation measures.7 In fact, while NEPA requires agencies “to consider and give effect to the environmental goals set forth in the Act [and] not ...
... major federal agency action under NEPA,6 it does not require agencies to select the most “environmentally friendly” alternative or commit to any specific mitigation measures.7 In fact, while NEPA requires agencies “to consider and give effect to the environmental goals set forth in the Act [and] not ...
Sensitivity of East Asian Climate to the Progressive Uplift and
... TP100 like the annual mean, but with a much larger magnitude. It should be mentioned that summer surface temperature is usually regarded as a key factor for glaciation in the northern high latitudes because lower surface temperature allows snow and ice to build up and is consequently favorable for i ...
... TP100 like the annual mean, but with a much larger magnitude. It should be mentioned that summer surface temperature is usually regarded as a key factor for glaciation in the northern high latitudes because lower surface temperature allows snow and ice to build up and is consequently favorable for i ...
2009-PIK-Additional Study-WP1
... national, political arena, but aspects of impacts and adaptation seem to be handled as subordinate issue, still. The national Ministry of Urban Development, which is of interest for our focus on Hyderabad, does not have a particular focus on climate change (yet), and this position or circumstance tr ...
... national, political arena, but aspects of impacts and adaptation seem to be handled as subordinate issue, still. The national Ministry of Urban Development, which is of interest for our focus on Hyderabad, does not have a particular focus on climate change (yet), and this position or circumstance tr ...
Annals of the Association of American Geographers Climate
... (Bender and Raza 1995; Turcotte and Schubert 2002). Molnar and England (1990) suggested that climatic forcing in the Quaternary enhanced glacial erosion in the Himalaya, thereby causing isostatic uplift of peaks and relief production. Conversely, Raymo, Ruddiman, and Froelich (1988) and Raymo and Ru ...
... (Bender and Raza 1995; Turcotte and Schubert 2002). Molnar and England (1990) suggested that climatic forcing in the Quaternary enhanced glacial erosion in the Himalaya, thereby causing isostatic uplift of peaks and relief production. Conversely, Raymo, Ruddiman, and Froelich (1988) and Raymo and Ru ...
Transportation & Climate Change in Manitoba – Proceedings
... permafrost and ice formation. The number of days that winter roads are safe to use has fallen from an average of 50 or 55 days to as low as 20 days in 1999/2000. On the other hand, while traffic has increased, fuel consumption and GHG emissions have not risen due to technological advances driven pri ...
... permafrost and ice formation. The number of days that winter roads are safe to use has fallen from an average of 50 or 55 days to as low as 20 days in 1999/2000. On the other hand, while traffic has increased, fuel consumption and GHG emissions have not risen due to technological advances driven pri ...
The Longest Conflict - Centre for Policy Development
... to a close – the period from the early 1900s to the present when average temperatures increased less than 1 degree Celsius, and which brought incremental impact. As we finally start to see momentum to address climate change far more robustly, we also enter the second phase, where the average tempera ...
... to a close – the period from the early 1900s to the present when average temperatures increased less than 1 degree Celsius, and which brought incremental impact. As we finally start to see momentum to address climate change far more robustly, we also enter the second phase, where the average tempera ...
CATF, AG fires, 11/16 - Clean Air Task Force
... Over the past century, the Arctic has been warming at nearly twice the rate of the rest of the planet. While increases in carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases account for much of this ste ...
... Over the past century, the Arctic has been warming at nearly twice the rate of the rest of the planet. While increases in carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases account for much of this ste ...
ecosystem approach to fisheries management
... Ecosystem approach (EA) – A strategy for the integrated management of land, water, and living resources that promotes conservation and sustainable use in an equitable way. Often used interchangeably with ecosystem-based management (EBM) (CBD 2000). Ecosystem approach to fisheries management (EAFM) – ...
... Ecosystem approach (EA) – A strategy for the integrated management of land, water, and living resources that promotes conservation and sustainable use in an equitable way. Often used interchangeably with ecosystem-based management (EBM) (CBD 2000). Ecosystem approach to fisheries management (EAFM) – ...
Biodiversity and biomes under climatic change
... 2000; Reu et al., 2010). The major difference of JeDi to other biogeography models is that characteristic PFTs emerge from the effects of climate (i.e., solar radiation, temperature, precipitation) and land surface processes on plant survival and reproduction given plant functional trade-offs (Reu e ...
... 2000; Reu et al., 2010). The major difference of JeDi to other biogeography models is that characteristic PFTs emerge from the effects of climate (i.e., solar radiation, temperature, precipitation) and land surface processes on plant survival and reproduction given plant functional trade-offs (Reu e ...
Climate Change Analysis
... Authors: • Arelia Werner, Katrina Bennett, Joanna Runnells, Rick Lee, and David Rodenhuis, Pacific Climate Impacts Consortium • Brian Menounos, WC2N (Glaciers) ...
... Authors: • Arelia Werner, Katrina Bennett, Joanna Runnells, Rick Lee, and David Rodenhuis, Pacific Climate Impacts Consortium • Brian Menounos, WC2N (Glaciers) ...
understanding el niño in ocean–atmosphere general
... thermocline feedback, that is, the effect of thermoFig . 4. SST std dev (°C) for 100 yr of monthly data for models in Fig. 3b. cline depth variations on Observations are taken from HadISST1.1 (1900–99). The location of the Niño SST (van Oldenborgh et al. regions discussed in the text is also shown. ...
... thermocline feedback, that is, the effect of thermoFig . 4. SST std dev (°C) for 100 yr of monthly data for models in Fig. 3b. cline depth variations on Observations are taken from HadISST1.1 (1900–99). The location of the Niño SST (van Oldenborgh et al. regions discussed in the text is also shown. ...
ESPACE Project Scoping Report
... awareness into meaningful action. Throughout the ESPACE pilot projects it has been learned that a sense of ‘association’ with other relevant actors, and ‘agency’ are needed before meaningful action on adaptation can take place (see the 3 A’s principle, section 3.1 below). 2.2 Uncertainty Barriers By ...
... awareness into meaningful action. Throughout the ESPACE pilot projects it has been learned that a sense of ‘association’ with other relevant actors, and ‘agency’ are needed before meaningful action on adaptation can take place (see the 3 A’s principle, section 3.1 below). 2.2 Uncertainty Barriers By ...
Vulnerability of Fraser River Sockeye salmon to climate change
... Henrion, 1990; Keeney and von Winterfeldt, 1989; 1986). Probability elicitation has been employed in various climate change contexts, including, for example, changes in ocean circulation patterns ( Zickfeld, et al 2007). However these methods are time intensive, require extensive commitment of those ...
... Henrion, 1990; Keeney and von Winterfeldt, 1989; 1986). Probability elicitation has been employed in various climate change contexts, including, for example, changes in ocean circulation patterns ( Zickfeld, et al 2007). However these methods are time intensive, require extensive commitment of those ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.