Atmospheric Water Vapour in the Climate System: Climate Models 1
... representation, or description designed to show the structure or workings of an object, system, or concept” (Wikipedia). ...
... representation, or description designed to show the structure or workings of an object, system, or concept” (Wikipedia). ...
Globally Averaged CO 2 Levels Reach 400 parts per million in 2015
... like forests, vegetation and the oceans to absorb CO2. These sinks currently absorb about half of CO2 emissions but there is a risk that they may become saturated, which would increase the fraction of emitted carbon dioxide which stays in the atmosphere, according to the Greenhouse Gas Bulletin. Bet ...
... like forests, vegetation and the oceans to absorb CO2. These sinks currently absorb about half of CO2 emissions but there is a risk that they may become saturated, which would increase the fraction of emitted carbon dioxide which stays in the atmosphere, according to the Greenhouse Gas Bulletin. Bet ...
miles020807
... Would require US leadership which becoming increasingly possible. Significant bottom-up shift in policy views at city, state, & industry levels in view of rate and magnitude of CC impacts. Split in fundamentalist coalition on this point in US politically significant. The more significantly adverse c ...
... Would require US leadership which becoming increasingly possible. Significant bottom-up shift in policy views at city, state, & industry levels in view of rate and magnitude of CC impacts. Split in fundamentalist coalition on this point in US politically significant. The more significantly adverse c ...
1 Beverly E. Law, Ph.D Professor, Global Change Biology
... FS 600, Global Change Ecology (2006-2013). 7-20 students. Interdisciplinary. What is known about global change and dynamics of the Earth System, including principles of climate, influences on ecosystem functioning and connectivity (oceans, land, atmosphere) needed to understand responses of the Eart ...
... FS 600, Global Change Ecology (2006-2013). 7-20 students. Interdisciplinary. What is known about global change and dynamics of the Earth System, including principles of climate, influences on ecosystem functioning and connectivity (oceans, land, atmosphere) needed to understand responses of the Eart ...
Health impact of climate change due to combustion of fossil fuel
... Energy from the sun drives the earth’s climate. As the sun’s energy reaches the earth’s surface, some of it is reflected back and some of it is absorbed by the earth’s surface. The absorbed energy warms the earth. This heat is then re-radiated back towards space as terrestrial radiation. Certain gas ...
... Energy from the sun drives the earth’s climate. As the sun’s energy reaches the earth’s surface, some of it is reflected back and some of it is absorbed by the earth’s surface. The absorbed energy warms the earth. This heat is then re-radiated back towards space as terrestrial radiation. Certain gas ...
PowerPoint - Columbia University
... Global Warming Twenty Years Later: Tipping Points Near (today’s statement) ...
... Global Warming Twenty Years Later: Tipping Points Near (today’s statement) ...
The United States and International Climate Change Policy
... – Meet/beat Kyoto Protocol targets via anti-sprawl land-use policies, urban forest restoration, information campaigns ...
... – Meet/beat Kyoto Protocol targets via anti-sprawl land-use policies, urban forest restoration, information campaigns ...
Hydrologic Forecasting - University of Washington
... snowpack, more runoff in winter, earlier snowmelt and peak flows, less runoff in summer, and reduced late summer low flows. Because these effects are shown to be predominantly due to temperature changes, we expect that they will both continue and increase in intensity as global warming progresses in ...
... snowpack, more runoff in winter, earlier snowmelt and peak flows, less runoff in summer, and reduced late summer low flows. Because these effects are shown to be predominantly due to temperature changes, we expect that they will both continue and increase in intensity as global warming progresses in ...
Template - Agriculture v11.indd - Business for Social Responsibility
... exceeded in regions closest to the equator if temperatures increase by 3°C or more. The agricultural industry’s own interests are best served by ambitious approaches to adaptation and to cutting emissions. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agriculture comprised about 10–12% of man-made GHG emissio ...
... exceeded in regions closest to the equator if temperatures increase by 3°C or more. The agricultural industry’s own interests are best served by ambitious approaches to adaptation and to cutting emissions. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agriculture comprised about 10–12% of man-made GHG emissio ...
Ruth Edgecombe Environmental Challenges Memorial Lecture for
... The international target of stabilising temperatures at 2˚C is, in climate scientist James Hansen’s words, a recipe for disaster. The risk of runaway climate change – the point at which natural feedback becomes more significant than anthropogenic emissions – is already evident and becomes a near cer ...
... The international target of stabilising temperatures at 2˚C is, in climate scientist James Hansen’s words, a recipe for disaster. The risk of runaway climate change – the point at which natural feedback becomes more significant than anthropogenic emissions – is already evident and becomes a near cer ...
Economists and Climate Change: Consensus and Open Questions
... ranges—of what the average American will pay under a cap-and-trade bill. Finding a cost-effective way to curb our greenhouse gas emissions would be a worthy debate, but too often decisionmakers question whether controlling carbon emissions is worthwhile at all. There is not much controversy among ex ...
... ranges—of what the average American will pay under a cap-and-trade bill. Finding a cost-effective way to curb our greenhouse gas emissions would be a worthy debate, but too often decisionmakers question whether controlling carbon emissions is worthwhile at all. There is not much controversy among ex ...
Trainers of Trainers Modules
... high losses due to pests, vectors and diseases; inadequate infrastructure for storage, handling and marketing; very limited public investment in agriculture; inadequate institutional coordination and linkages ...
... high losses due to pests, vectors and diseases; inadequate infrastructure for storage, handling and marketing; very limited public investment in agriculture; inadequate institutional coordination and linkages ...
Global Warming - Scientific Controversies in Climate Variability
... For regional mean temperatures we have a signal and attribute it to GHGs (see also Jonas‘ talk). What about precip? ...
... For regional mean temperatures we have a signal and attribute it to GHGs (see also Jonas‘ talk). What about precip? ...
Lecture 5: Cold War Scientists and the Denial of Global Warming
... • Why do people think scientists are still arguing about it? ...
... • Why do people think scientists are still arguing about it? ...
Ancha Srinivasan_ADB`s Support to Climate Action in Southeast Asia
... GHG emissions rising twice as fast as the global ...
... GHG emissions rising twice as fast as the global ...
pruebas de acceso a la universidad logse / loce
... as deforestation. Continuation of historical tendencies of greenhouse gas emissions will result in additional warming over the 21st century, with current projections of a global increase of 2.5ºF to 10.4ºF by 2100. This warming will have real consequences for the world, because it will also mean a s ...
... as deforestation. Continuation of historical tendencies of greenhouse gas emissions will result in additional warming over the 21st century, with current projections of a global increase of 2.5ºF to 10.4ºF by 2100. This warming will have real consequences for the world, because it will also mean a s ...
Science in the Public Square: Global Richard S. Lindzen, Ph.D.
... to identify whether there is a problem. Instead, I would suggest that we need independent evaluation of climate sensitivity. The issue of climate sensitivity is somewhat complicated, but the common measure is the equilibrium response of mean temperature to a doubling of CO2. Almost all observational ...
... to identify whether there is a problem. Instead, I would suggest that we need independent evaluation of climate sensitivity. The issue of climate sensitivity is somewhat complicated, but the common measure is the equilibrium response of mean temperature to a doubling of CO2. Almost all observational ...
Investigation C: CLIMATE AND CLIMATE VARIABILITY FROM THE
... concern comes from the recent worldwide examination of surface temperatures. We can consider these issues from our brief look at the localized summer temperatures of central Nebraska as a data "game". (By no means should this be considered a rigorous climate investigation but only a very limited exa ...
... concern comes from the recent worldwide examination of surface temperatures. We can consider these issues from our brief look at the localized summer temperatures of central Nebraska as a data "game". (By no means should this be considered a rigorous climate investigation but only a very limited exa ...
ALL OVER THE WORLD TO CHANGE IT!
... implementation of public property rights. Furthermore, in the current system it is possible for international cooperation’s to sue countries if they democratically decide to put public interests higher than profits, leading to an ever-growing problem for left governments to implement their policies. ...
... implementation of public property rights. Furthermore, in the current system it is possible for international cooperation’s to sue countries if they democratically decide to put public interests higher than profits, leading to an ever-growing problem for left governments to implement their policies. ...
Environmental Strategies for Increasing Human Resilience in Sudan
... Provide decision makers with most current information on SL/NRM strategies that can increase the resilience of vulnerable communities. Share lessons for promoting climate change adaptation with the research, planning, policymaking, communities etc. Enhance and expand regional collaboration in the ar ...
... Provide decision makers with most current information on SL/NRM strategies that can increase the resilience of vulnerable communities. Share lessons for promoting climate change adaptation with the research, planning, policymaking, communities etc. Enhance and expand regional collaboration in the ar ...
Chapter 2 Climate Change: Scientific Basis
... “the ratio of heat trapped by one unit mass of the greenhouse gas to that of one unit mass of CO 2 over a specified time period.”5 Carbon dioxide is the baseline gas against which the GWP of other GHGs is measured. Therefore, the GWP of CO2 = 1. The GWP of the different gases changes over time, and ...
... “the ratio of heat trapped by one unit mass of the greenhouse gas to that of one unit mass of CO 2 over a specified time period.”5 Carbon dioxide is the baseline gas against which the GWP of other GHGs is measured. Therefore, the GWP of CO2 = 1. The GWP of the different gases changes over time, and ...
Climate Change
... Methane: The large sources of Methane come from the decomposition of organic matter e.g. in landfills and in agriculture and from the digestion of ruminants (cows, goats etc). It is a stronger GHG than CO2 because it can absorb more heat. However it is much less abundant in the atmosphere. Nitrous o ...
... Methane: The large sources of Methane come from the decomposition of organic matter e.g. in landfills and in agriculture and from the digestion of ruminants (cows, goats etc). It is a stronger GHG than CO2 because it can absorb more heat. However it is much less abundant in the atmosphere. Nitrous o ...
The Anthropocene revolution?
... • Human activities are interfering with the system such that decisions taken within a “political time horizon” (~100 years) can determine whether the tipping point is reached. • The time to observe a qualitative change plus the time to trigger it lie within an “ethical time horizon” (~1000 years). ...
... • Human activities are interfering with the system such that decisions taken within a “political time horizon” (~100 years) can determine whether the tipping point is reached. • The time to observe a qualitative change plus the time to trigger it lie within an “ethical time horizon” (~1000 years). ...
EMISSIONS OF GREENHOUSE GASES Atmosphere Climate
... Purpose: This indicator measures the emissions of the six main GHGs which have a direct impact on climate change, less the removal of the main GHG CO2 through sequestration as a result of land-use change and forestry activities. (b) Relevance to Sustainable/ Unsustainable Development (theme/sub-them ...
... Purpose: This indicator measures the emissions of the six main GHGs which have a direct impact on climate change, less the removal of the main GHG CO2 through sequestration as a result of land-use change and forestry activities. (b) Relevance to Sustainable/ Unsustainable Development (theme/sub-them ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.