The "debate" about climate change
... olicy-makers and the media, particular- Academy of Sciences report, Climate ly in the United States, frequently assert Change Science: An Analysis of Some Key that climate science is highly uncertain. Questions, begins: “Greenhouse gases are Some have used this as an argument against accumulating in ...
... olicy-makers and the media, particular- Academy of Sciences report, Climate ly in the United States, frequently assert Change Science: An Analysis of Some Key that climate science is highly uncertain. Questions, begins: “Greenhouse gases are Some have used this as an argument against accumulating in ...
Submission 68 - Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
... A 2009 Productivity Commission inquiry17 found that the existing EC declarations and related drought assistance programs do not help farmers to improve their self-reliance, preparedness or climate change management. In response to the Australian Government’s review of drought policy, a pilot of drou ...
... A 2009 Productivity Commission inquiry17 found that the existing EC declarations and related drought assistance programs do not help farmers to improve their self-reliance, preparedness or climate change management. In response to the Australian Government’s review of drought policy, a pilot of drou ...
Characterizing the uncertainty of climate change impacts using a
... • RCM provides a viable downscaling methodology • RCM results confirm the uncertainty regarding the direction of change for rainfall and flow • RCM reduced the uncertainty bandwidth but care must be taken that not all sources are included ...
... • RCM provides a viable downscaling methodology • RCM results confirm the uncertainty regarding the direction of change for rainfall and flow • RCM reduced the uncertainty bandwidth but care must be taken that not all sources are included ...
This lecture will help you understand:
... – The conveyor system is shifted southward to Bermuda (instead of Greenland) – The climate cools in a few decades • Return of the normal pattern abruptly warms the climate • The Younger Dryas event involved dammed-up water from glacial Lake Agassiz entering the St. Lawrence • Extended global warming ...
... – The conveyor system is shifted southward to Bermuda (instead of Greenland) – The climate cools in a few decades • Return of the normal pattern abruptly warms the climate • The Younger Dryas event involved dammed-up water from glacial Lake Agassiz entering the St. Lawrence • Extended global warming ...
1a) What is climate change?
... Teacher’s Notes 2 The Greenhouse Effect: Scientific Background The Greenhouse Effect is the process by which global warming is happening, so called because certain gases in the atmosphere trap heat around the Earth acting like a Greenhouse. Almost all of the Earth’s energy is derived from the Sun. ...
... Teacher’s Notes 2 The Greenhouse Effect: Scientific Background The Greenhouse Effect is the process by which global warming is happening, so called because certain gases in the atmosphere trap heat around the Earth acting like a Greenhouse. Almost all of the Earth’s energy is derived from the Sun. ...
The Science of Climate Change
... support system will be at risk. However the early atmosphere was not always so. The Formation of the Earth’s Atmosphere At the beginning of the solar system when the earth was being formed 4.5 billion years ago, the leftover atmosphere of Hydrogen and Helium quickly escaped the earth’s gravitational ...
... support system will be at risk. However the early atmosphere was not always so. The Formation of the Earth’s Atmosphere At the beginning of the solar system when the earth was being formed 4.5 billion years ago, the leftover atmosphere of Hydrogen and Helium quickly escaped the earth’s gravitational ...
Detection and attribution of climate change for the
... with the intention to identify „predictable“ components. „Predictable“ ...
... with the intention to identify „predictable“ components. „Predictable“ ...
greenhouses gases
... Research indicates that, by 2100 coral reefs may erode faster than they can be rebuilt. This could compromise the viability of these ecosystems and the (estimated) one million species that depend on coral reef habitat. http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/co2/story/What+is+Ocean+Acidification%3 ...
... Research indicates that, by 2100 coral reefs may erode faster than they can be rebuilt. This could compromise the viability of these ecosystems and the (estimated) one million species that depend on coral reef habitat. http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/co2/story/What+is+Ocean+Acidification%3 ...
Technical Summary - Global Environment Facility
... under climate change scenarios. For the Rhizophora species more trees per hectare and more biomass production are simulated for all climate change scenarios. Rangelands and Livestock Simulations from the SPUR2 model suggest that precipitation at the Bakendike Flats is projected to increase by 1% und ...
... under climate change scenarios. For the Rhizophora species more trees per hectare and more biomass production are simulated for all climate change scenarios. Rangelands and Livestock Simulations from the SPUR2 model suggest that precipitation at the Bakendike Flats is projected to increase by 1% und ...
Panel 2 - global change SysTem for Analysis, Research & Training
... Vulnerability to change is determined by the frequency and magnitude of extreme events and not on average events ; Adaptations to current climate risks are generally consistent with adapting to future changed conditions; The capacity to adapt varies by region and through time; The enhancemen ...
... Vulnerability to change is determined by the frequency and magnitude of extreme events and not on average events ; Adaptations to current climate risks are generally consistent with adapting to future changed conditions; The capacity to adapt varies by region and through time; The enhancemen ...
INTRODUCTION
... practices of the desert area. Global Circulation Models (GCMs) vary widely on their prediction in this area. Several GCMs predict that some desert areas will receive enhanced precipitation, while others will become even drier. (IPCC 2001) It is important to keep in mind, however, that evapotranspira ...
... practices of the desert area. Global Circulation Models (GCMs) vary widely on their prediction in this area. Several GCMs predict that some desert areas will receive enhanced precipitation, while others will become even drier. (IPCC 2001) It is important to keep in mind, however, that evapotranspira ...
Three Meanings of Climate Change
... ‘I believe that climate change is a bigger threat than global terrorism’ ...
... ‘I believe that climate change is a bigger threat than global terrorism’ ...
Reducing your carbon emissions - Freight Transport Association
... The freight industry has already made significant progress to reduce its carbon dioxide emissions. However, at an individual company level, efforts often go unsung. ...
... The freight industry has already made significant progress to reduce its carbon dioxide emissions. However, at an individual company level, efforts often go unsung. ...
Document
... difficult to stop. Hanson’s Book “Storms of my grandchildren” NASA Losing Half A Trillion Tons Of Ice A Year plus there has been few measures taken to even slow the warming ...
... difficult to stop. Hanson’s Book “Storms of my grandchildren” NASA Losing Half A Trillion Tons Of Ice A Year plus there has been few measures taken to even slow the warming ...
Cato Institute Policy Analysis No. 307: The Consequences of Kyoto
... 2.3 percent per year. However, according to a climate model of the National Center for Atmospheric Research recently featured in Science, the Kyoto emission-control commitments would reduce mean planetary warming by a mere 0.19 degree Celsius over the next 50 years. If the costs of preventing additi ...
... 2.3 percent per year. However, according to a climate model of the National Center for Atmospheric Research recently featured in Science, the Kyoto emission-control commitments would reduce mean planetary warming by a mere 0.19 degree Celsius over the next 50 years. If the costs of preventing additi ...
palcomms201727-s1
... the game and without disclosing the subject’s identity) the remainder of this subject’s initial endowment. The subjects received a print copy of the part of Fig. 1a, b or c that applied to the specific risk curve of their treatment. After each round the decisions of the six subjects were displayed o ...
... the game and without disclosing the subject’s identity) the remainder of this subject’s initial endowment. The subjects received a print copy of the part of Fig. 1a, b or c that applied to the specific risk curve of their treatment. After each round the decisions of the six subjects were displayed o ...
Risk Analysis of Climate Change, and Potential SPS Contribution to
... in order to bolster the apparent authority of its conclusions is a mockery of the scientific method. The importance of this is that these IPCC reports have already been cited as scientific justification for billions of USD of government expenditure and taxation around the world! Specific criticisms ...
... in order to bolster the apparent authority of its conclusions is a mockery of the scientific method. The importance of this is that these IPCC reports have already been cited as scientific justification for billions of USD of government expenditure and taxation around the world! Specific criticisms ...
Expert Judgment for Climate Change Adaptation
... 3. Do the Answers Provide Actionable Information? Its popularity notwithstanding, this method has questionable credentials as a provider of actionable local information. This conclusion can be reached from at least three different directions. We comment only briefly on the first two: detailed analys ...
... 3. Do the Answers Provide Actionable Information? Its popularity notwithstanding, this method has questionable credentials as a provider of actionable local information. This conclusion can be reached from at least three different directions. We comment only briefly on the first two: detailed analys ...
PowerPoint
... Climate Change • Agriculture and forestry: Effects are complex. • Can be positive: Lengthened growing season for some crops • Can be negative: Droughts and forest fires; shortened growing ...
... Climate Change • Agriculture and forestry: Effects are complex. • Can be positive: Lengthened growing season for some crops • Can be negative: Droughts and forest fires; shortened growing ...
Primer on Climate Change Science (NACAA)
... precipitation, which are much more strongly influenced by changes in atmospheric temperature and circulation than by human activities directly.9 There are also several gases that do not have a direct global warming effect but indirectly affect terrestrial or solar radiation absorption by influencing ...
... precipitation, which are much more strongly influenced by changes in atmospheric temperature and circulation than by human activities directly.9 There are also several gases that do not have a direct global warming effect but indirectly affect terrestrial or solar radiation absorption by influencing ...
PDF
... reduced the preparation time required before planting. In a meta-analysis of more than 1700 global climate change impact assessments, Challinor et al., (2014) find that simulated yields are increased by between 7 and 15% by crop-level adaptations. The study does not provide U.S. specific results, bu ...
... reduced the preparation time required before planting. In a meta-analysis of more than 1700 global climate change impact assessments, Challinor et al., (2014) find that simulated yields are increased by between 7 and 15% by crop-level adaptations. The study does not provide U.S. specific results, bu ...
Potential for Southern Hemisphere climate surprises
... in the Northern Hemisphere and attendant increases in extreme events at mid- to high northern latitudes (Screen and Simmonds, 2014; Francis and Vavrus, 2015). In addition, the effects of tropical variability appear to have propagated poleward to influence the Arctic and the mid-latitudes (Ding et al ...
... in the Northern Hemisphere and attendant increases in extreme events at mid- to high northern latitudes (Screen and Simmonds, 2014; Francis and Vavrus, 2015). In addition, the effects of tropical variability appear to have propagated poleward to influence the Arctic and the mid-latitudes (Ding et al ...
PPT - ITU
... Smart water management has become a key policy issue for the 21st century, as a growing number of factors are impacting the delivery of already scarce fresh water to millions of people. Economic growth, seasonal climatic conditions and rising population are all affecting availability of water resour ...
... Smart water management has become a key policy issue for the 21st century, as a growing number of factors are impacting the delivery of already scarce fresh water to millions of people. Economic growth, seasonal climatic conditions and rising population are all affecting availability of water resour ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.