Framing Climate: Implications for Local Government Policy
... Climate change is a relatively new area of policy development characterised by considerable uncertainties. These uncertainties were once dominated by questions over whether anthropogenic or natural factors are the root cause of climate change. However, the fourth assessment report of the Intergovern ...
... Climate change is a relatively new area of policy development characterised by considerable uncertainties. These uncertainties were once dominated by questions over whether anthropogenic or natural factors are the root cause of climate change. However, the fourth assessment report of the Intergovern ...
Climate Policy
... framework and to adopt some form of commitments, including voluntary targets of some kind, within or outside the Kyoto system. This strategy has so far only been successful with Argentina, which in 1998 adopted voluntary targets for greenhouse gas emissions (partially motivated by its attempt to joi ...
... framework and to adopt some form of commitments, including voluntary targets of some kind, within or outside the Kyoto system. This strategy has so far only been successful with Argentina, which in 1998 adopted voluntary targets for greenhouse gas emissions (partially motivated by its attempt to joi ...
preparedness scoreboard - Climate
... Adaptation options considered are consistent with the results of sectoral risk assessments, and with measures and good practices identified in similar contexts The selection of priority adaptation options is based on robust ...
... Adaptation options considered are consistent with the results of sectoral risk assessments, and with measures and good practices identified in similar contexts The selection of priority adaptation options is based on robust ...
The role of expertise in governance processes
... In the past three decades much work in the field of Science and Technology Studies (STS) has been published showing that science is not separate from society and that it does not discover uncontested ‘truths’ that are then translated into technologies or policies. Rather, we have to assume a co-prod ...
... In the past three decades much work in the field of Science and Technology Studies (STS) has been published showing that science is not separate from society and that it does not discover uncontested ‘truths’ that are then translated into technologies or policies. Rather, we have to assume a co-prod ...
A fair climate deal in Paris means adequate finance to deliver INDCs
... proposed individual efforts and plans — above and beyond their current activities — to achieving their collective objective of stabilising greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous human interference with the climate system.i Importantly, the INDCs allow ...
... proposed individual efforts and plans — above and beyond their current activities — to achieving their collective objective of stabilising greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous human interference with the climate system.i Importantly, the INDCs allow ...
A Guide for Incorporating Adaptation to Climate
... induced global climate change. In 2001, the IPCC released its Third Assessment Report. This report incorporated the latest scientific information, emphasizing the complex interrelationships that exist between the foundations underlying climate change, including climatic, environmental, political, ec ...
... induced global climate change. In 2001, the IPCC released its Third Assessment Report. This report incorporated the latest scientific information, emphasizing the complex interrelationships that exist between the foundations underlying climate change, including climatic, environmental, political, ec ...
The Mid-Atlantic Region and its climate: past, present
... event data are seldom collected systematically. However, it can be concluded a priori that if climate change results in more extreme weather and climate then the current estimates of climate change impacts (which typically exclude this dynamic) will prove to be too optimistic and will therefore requ ...
... event data are seldom collected systematically. However, it can be concluded a priori that if climate change results in more extreme weather and climate then the current estimates of climate change impacts (which typically exclude this dynamic) will prove to be too optimistic and will therefore requ ...
0302_Hemer_STAR_2010_WindWave
... Nicholls, R.J. et al. (2007) Coastal systems and low-lying areas. In: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Parry, M.L. et 2010 al. (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambr ...
... Nicholls, R.J. et al. (2007) Coastal systems and low-lying areas. In: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Parry, M.L. et 2010 al. (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambr ...
Towards Climate Change Adaptation in the Baltic Sea Region
... Developing Policies and Adaptation Strategies to Climate Change in the Baltic Sea Region It is established scientific knowledge that the climate is already changing and an increase in the average global surface temperature can be observed. There is wide agreement that this trend of global warming is ...
... Developing Policies and Adaptation Strategies to Climate Change in the Baltic Sea Region It is established scientific knowledge that the climate is already changing and an increase in the average global surface temperature can be observed. There is wide agreement that this trend of global warming is ...
Partners for Resilience
... that, when combined with vulnerability, cause disaster. But these impacts were rarely, if ever, addressed in a coordinated way in the same programme, until now. It’s well established that the poorest people in the poorest countries suffer disproportionately. Lives, assets, products and crops are los ...
... that, when combined with vulnerability, cause disaster. But these impacts were rarely, if ever, addressed in a coordinated way in the same programme, until now. It’s well established that the poorest people in the poorest countries suffer disproportionately. Lives, assets, products and crops are los ...
Climate Change, Health and Future Well
... Indians can also make an important contribution to slowing the rate of climate change through maintenance of this ancient tradition (McMichael et al. 2007). On the other hand, many people in South Asia are deficient in zinc and iron and may benefit from more animal products in their diet. But they w ...
... Indians can also make an important contribution to slowing the rate of climate change through maintenance of this ancient tradition (McMichael et al. 2007). On the other hand, many people in South Asia are deficient in zinc and iron and may benefit from more animal products in their diet. But they w ...
Review of the consensus and asymmetric quality of research on
... the conclusions of Anderegg et al., (2010) was that only 2% of the top 50 scientists fell into the UE category. They also found that on average, the UE authors as a group possessed a lower expertise and a lower prominence than the CE researchers. For instance, the average number of publications of t ...
... the conclusions of Anderegg et al., (2010) was that only 2% of the top 50 scientists fell into the UE category. They also found that on average, the UE authors as a group possessed a lower expertise and a lower prominence than the CE researchers. For instance, the average number of publications of t ...
CH21 IM - Mandarin High School
... b. “There is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming observed over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities.” c. It is very likely that the earth’s mean surface temperature will increase by 1.4–5.8 degrees Celsius (2.5–10.4 degrees Fahrenheit) between 2000 and 2100. 2. A few ...
... b. “There is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming observed over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities.” c. It is very likely that the earth’s mean surface temperature will increase by 1.4–5.8 degrees Celsius (2.5–10.4 degrees Fahrenheit) between 2000 and 2100. 2. A few ...
EUROSION_Climate Change and Coastal and Beach Management
... changes and distribution in rainfall. The role of biodiversity and ecosystem services in supporting the provision of economic services is discussed and illustrated in the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. This is also an emerging way of understanding the benefits of biodiversity, and the conservation ...
... changes and distribution in rainfall. The role of biodiversity and ecosystem services in supporting the provision of economic services is discussed and illustrated in the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. This is also an emerging way of understanding the benefits of biodiversity, and the conservation ...
Senate Environmental Quality Committee
... principles that allow us to balance economic, social and environmental needs as we seek to align state, regional and local governments, and bring them together with community organizations, businesses and other key stakeholders for the benefit of all Californians. Principles Work Within the Appropri ...
... principles that allow us to balance economic, social and environmental needs as we seek to align state, regional and local governments, and bring them together with community organizations, businesses and other key stakeholders for the benefit of all Californians. Principles Work Within the Appropri ...
What is climate change?
... The approaches employed include: • Climate change Scenarios: These involve projections of what values climate parameters may assume in the future and how agriculture might fare in the new circumstances. This approach addresses the question: “What will agriculture be like in a given changed climate. ...
... The approaches employed include: • Climate change Scenarios: These involve projections of what values climate parameters may assume in the future and how agriculture might fare in the new circumstances. This approach addresses the question: “What will agriculture be like in a given changed climate. ...
Can Climate Influence Cultural Development? A View through Time
... modifying human societies over this same time period. Such an historicoecological approach makes one major prediction: that the fate of a society will be determined by the ecology of the land in which it exists. This is not to say that the traditional notion of environmental determinism is validated ...
... modifying human societies over this same time period. Such an historicoecological approach makes one major prediction: that the fate of a society will be determined by the ecology of the land in which it exists. This is not to say that the traditional notion of environmental determinism is validated ...
Climate Refugees and Rebels: Who Gets to Shape the
... real and likely to affect disproportionately the poorest and most vulnerable people on the planet. I also accept that in some places environmental changes due to global warming could exacerbate already existing economic and political divisions. However, whether or not violent conflict and mass migra ...
... real and likely to affect disproportionately the poorest and most vulnerable people on the planet. I also accept that in some places environmental changes due to global warming could exacerbate already existing economic and political divisions. However, whether or not violent conflict and mass migra ...
The social cost of atmospheric release
... uncertainty associated with climate sensitivity. GDP increases at 2±1 %yr−1, as in SRES scenarios, giving a mean 2100 value of $355 trillion, consistent with USG 2013. Reference temperature change follows a business-as-usual trend with projected increases of 0.015 °C yr−1 (as in recent observations) ...
... uncertainty associated with climate sensitivity. GDP increases at 2±1 %yr−1, as in SRES scenarios, giving a mean 2100 value of $355 trillion, consistent with USG 2013. Reference temperature change follows a business-as-usual trend with projected increases of 0.015 °C yr−1 (as in recent observations) ...
Reduced solar activity as a trigger for the start of the Younger Dryas?
... important forcing factor becomes more accepted. Furthermore, two physical mechanisms were recently published that explain how relatively small changes in solar irradiance could have had a strong impact on the climate system. We discuss the possibility that an abrupt reduction in solar irradiance tri ...
... important forcing factor becomes more accepted. Furthermore, two physical mechanisms were recently published that explain how relatively small changes in solar irradiance could have had a strong impact on the climate system. We discuss the possibility that an abrupt reduction in solar irradiance tri ...
Developing and Applying Scenarios: A summary from the Third
... climate, impacts and outcomes to describe the coping range. • Address adaptation to climate variability and extremes as part of reducing vulnerability to longer-term climate change. • Assess risk according to how far climate change, in conjunction with other drivers of change, may drive activities b ...
... climate, impacts and outcomes to describe the coping range. • Address adaptation to climate variability and extremes as part of reducing vulnerability to longer-term climate change. • Assess risk according to how far climate change, in conjunction with other drivers of change, may drive activities b ...
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
... Different framings of a problem have powerful effects on how solutions to the problem are conceptualised. Some have worried that the emphasis on global trend detection in IPCC reports has taken political and public attention away from the IPCC’s treatment of adaptation questions, or pushed adaptatio ...
... Different framings of a problem have powerful effects on how solutions to the problem are conceptualised. Some have worried that the emphasis on global trend detection in IPCC reports has taken political and public attention away from the IPCC’s treatment of adaptation questions, or pushed adaptatio ...
Chaparral - California Climate Commons
... specialized adaptations to fire, as well as taxa that are resilient to fire and that have specialized adaptations to coincide seedling recruitment with post-‐fire conditions (Keeley 1991). Chaparral shrubs may ...
... specialized adaptations to fire, as well as taxa that are resilient to fire and that have specialized adaptations to coincide seedling recruitment with post-‐fire conditions (Keeley 1991). Chaparral shrubs may ...
Changing Climate: Pre-visit lesson 2
... As we have seen, climate change is caused by specific Let’simpacting reflect on we have so far… things, in what particular wayslearnt and calling us to take action and help in different ways ...
... As we have seen, climate change is caused by specific Let’simpacting reflect on we have so far… things, in what particular wayslearnt and calling us to take action and help in different ways ...
biodiversity and climate change
... species, already established in the UK, will increase in abundance or spread geographically, and some of these species may become invasive (POSTnote 303). • Climate change can interact with other disturbances and native species may be out-competed by invasive nonnative species. Certain disturbances, ...
... species, already established in the UK, will increase in abundance or spread geographically, and some of these species may become invasive (POSTnote 303). • Climate change can interact with other disturbances and native species may be out-competed by invasive nonnative species. Certain disturbances, ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.