Toward Climate Resilience - Union of Concerned Scientists
... supply in the face of storms and flooding (McNamara et al. 2015). Identifying benefits like these can give decision makers a greater range of viable investment options as they serve their constituents’ needs. 3. Match the scope of planning to the magnitude of projected change. The best-available sci ...
... supply in the face of storms and flooding (McNamara et al. 2015). Identifying benefits like these can give decision makers a greater range of viable investment options as they serve their constituents’ needs. 3. Match the scope of planning to the magnitude of projected change. The best-available sci ...
Global Warming - Web of Creation
... precipitation, and fresh water runoff making it substantially less salty over the past 40 years. There is also evidence that the circulation has slowed down measurably in the last decade or so. Consider the consequences if Europe suddenly had the climate of Siberia (and Scandinavia became uninhabita ...
... precipitation, and fresh water runoff making it substantially less salty over the past 40 years. There is also evidence that the circulation has slowed down measurably in the last decade or so. Consider the consequences if Europe suddenly had the climate of Siberia (and Scandinavia became uninhabita ...
Word - Green Ninja
... 2. What do greenhouse gases have to do with climate change? Because greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere, it is responsible for the overall global temperature rise (climate change). 3. What are fossil fuels and how are they connected to climate change? Fossil fuels include coal, natural gas, ...
... 2. What do greenhouse gases have to do with climate change? Because greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere, it is responsible for the overall global temperature rise (climate change). 3. What are fossil fuels and how are they connected to climate change? Fossil fuels include coal, natural gas, ...
New York`s New Sea Level Rise Projections Will Affect Land Use
... rise; but we know that these rates 2100. One set of calculations cited have increased in recent years. The by DEC shows that the greenhouse high projections are associated with gases in the atmosphere today have high rates of melting in Greenland already committed the planet to and Antarctica and ar ...
... rise; but we know that these rates 2100. One set of calculations cited have increased in recent years. The by DEC shows that the greenhouse high projections are associated with gases in the atmosphere today have high rates of melting in Greenland already committed the planet to and Antarctica and ar ...
Conserving the Climate: Scaling-Up Global Markets for Forest Cargon
... The 1997 Kyoto Protocol, through its Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), allows developed countries and the commercial entities they regulate to meet part of their Kyoto emissions targets by investing in emissions mitigation projects in the developing world. Carbon “offsets” from reforestation (repla ...
... The 1997 Kyoto Protocol, through its Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), allows developed countries and the commercial entities they regulate to meet part of their Kyoto emissions targets by investing in emissions mitigation projects in the developing world. Carbon “offsets” from reforestation (repla ...
Implications of the 1.5°C limit in the Paris
... risks led many vulnerable countries to express concern that the former 2°C limit was too unsafe. These and other concerns led the world to adopt the Paris Agreement’s long-term temperature goal, which includes a 1.5°C limit, as opposed to the earlier 2°C goal adopted by the international communit ...
... risks led many vulnerable countries to express concern that the former 2°C limit was too unsafe. These and other concerns led the world to adopt the Paris Agreement’s long-term temperature goal, which includes a 1.5°C limit, as opposed to the earlier 2°C goal adopted by the international communit ...
Public Perceptions of Climate Change and Security.
... change and security, available in full at Appendix A. Our goal was to begin quantifying both public familiarity with the idea of climate change as a security threat, and the potential impact that increased or changed awareness might have on individual lifestyle and voting decisions. We sought this i ...
... change and security, available in full at Appendix A. Our goal was to begin quantifying both public familiarity with the idea of climate change as a security threat, and the potential impact that increased or changed awareness might have on individual lifestyle and voting decisions. We sought this i ...
MEECS Climate Change Unit Introduction
... The Sun is the primary source of energy for Earth’s climate system. Climate is regulated by complex interactions among components of the Earth system. Life on Earth depends on, is shaped by, and affects climate. Climate varies over space and time through both natural and man-made processes. Our unde ...
... The Sun is the primary source of energy for Earth’s climate system. Climate is regulated by complex interactions among components of the Earth system. Life on Earth depends on, is shaped by, and affects climate. Climate varies over space and time through both natural and man-made processes. Our unde ...
The Effects of Climate Change on American Indian and Alaska
... (ABA SEER Summer 2007). In the context of the electric utility industry, there are a few tribal electric utilities, and a growing number of tribes are showing interest in creating their own utilities or otherwise becoming involved on the supply side of electric power. With growing awareness of the n ...
... (ABA SEER Summer 2007). In the context of the electric utility industry, there are a few tribal electric utilities, and a growing number of tribes are showing interest in creating their own utilities or otherwise becoming involved on the supply side of electric power. With growing awareness of the n ...
Likewise, any variation in weather or climatic conditions adversely
... of the living beings. Health - as defined by World Health Organization is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well being and not merely absence of disease. Health, whether of human or animal, mainly depends on safe drinking water, nutrition, sanitation or hygiene and the likes. Likewise ...
... of the living beings. Health - as defined by World Health Organization is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well being and not merely absence of disease. Health, whether of human or animal, mainly depends on safe drinking water, nutrition, sanitation or hygiene and the likes. Likewise ...
DOCX 270KB - Climate Change Authority
... Australia has implemented a range of baseline and credit schemes at the state and national level, including the Renewable Energy Target (RET), the New South Wales Greenhouse Gas Reduction Scheme (GGAS) and the New South Wales Energy Savings Scheme (ESS). A key challenge in baseline and credit scheme ...
... Australia has implemented a range of baseline and credit schemes at the state and national level, including the Renewable Energy Target (RET), the New South Wales Greenhouse Gas Reduction Scheme (GGAS) and the New South Wales Energy Savings Scheme (ESS). A key challenge in baseline and credit scheme ...
Peter Stott`s Presentation
... Rainfall patterns are projected to continue to change leading to more frequent droughts in some regions and more floods in others. ...
... Rainfall patterns are projected to continue to change leading to more frequent droughts in some regions and more floods in others. ...
Atmosphere and Ocean as Dynamic Drivers of Polar Climate
... et al. , 2015). The rate of ocean heat uptake strongly affects transient climate sensitivity, with slower warming corresponding to more rapid high latitude heat uptake (Winton et al. , 2010); Rose et al. (2014) found ocean heat uptake in the high latitudes to be particularly effective in damping tra ...
... et al. , 2015). The rate of ocean heat uptake strongly affects transient climate sensitivity, with slower warming corresponding to more rapid high latitude heat uptake (Winton et al. , 2010); Rose et al. (2014) found ocean heat uptake in the high latitudes to be particularly effective in damping tra ...
Are Carbon Dioxide Emissions Rising More Rapidly Than Expected?
... Monitoring Emissions Trends. Watchfulness over annual CO2 and other GHG emissions is a vital element of addressing climate change and evaluating the effectiveness of actions to mitigate it, and it is important to use appropriate data in monitoring progress. Evaluating recent trends may help to disce ...
... Monitoring Emissions Trends. Watchfulness over annual CO2 and other GHG emissions is a vital element of addressing climate change and evaluating the effectiveness of actions to mitigate it, and it is important to use appropriate data in monitoring progress. Evaluating recent trends may help to disce ...
Regional assessment of climate change impacts on maize
... global assessments (e.g., Parry et al. 2004). Despite obvious limitations with respect to crop physiology, production functions have the advantage of being robust and computationally cheap. In our study we examined the use of yet another type of model, which was proposed by Monteith in the 1970s (Mo ...
... global assessments (e.g., Parry et al. 2004). Despite obvious limitations with respect to crop physiology, production functions have the advantage of being robust and computationally cheap. In our study we examined the use of yet another type of model, which was proposed by Monteith in the 1970s (Mo ...
Mainstreaming Climate Change into National Urban Policies Background Paper
... households suffered 90 per cent of the US $ 4.3 billion in damage caused by Typhoon Ketsana in ...
... households suffered 90 per cent of the US $ 4.3 billion in damage caused by Typhoon Ketsana in ...
The Holocene
... (AMOC) (Clark et al., 2002; Overpeck and Cole, 2006), which occurred numerous times from the Late Pleistocene to the early Holocene as a result of freshwater outbursts from proglacial lakes which originated from the melting Laurentide ice sheet (LIS) (Clark et al., 2001; Stouffer et al., 2006). The ...
... (AMOC) (Clark et al., 2002; Overpeck and Cole, 2006), which occurred numerous times from the Late Pleistocene to the early Holocene as a result of freshwater outbursts from proglacial lakes which originated from the melting Laurentide ice sheet (LIS) (Clark et al., 2001; Stouffer et al., 2006). The ...
Read the Backgrounder on why Fossil Fuel
... our church is a relatively small shareholder, making it a small player in company decisions. Finally, as discussed above, the most important influence of divestment is on public policy. A divestment decision by the Anglican Church of Canada would be highly publicized and this would send a message to ...
... our church is a relatively small shareholder, making it a small player in company decisions. Finally, as discussed above, the most important influence of divestment is on public policy. A divestment decision by the Anglican Church of Canada would be highly publicized and this would send a message to ...
NSW and ACT Regional Climate Model: Project scope
... Projections about our future climate form a critical part of adaptation planning. They take us a step beyond assuming that our climate will remain the same in the future, or that it will unpredictably fluctuate within the bounds of natural variability. They help us ask the question: given our unders ...
... Projections about our future climate form a critical part of adaptation planning. They take us a step beyond assuming that our climate will remain the same in the future, or that it will unpredictably fluctuate within the bounds of natural variability. They help us ask the question: given our unders ...
Social vulnerability and climate justice
... temperature, and to extreme weather events. International strategies for addressing climate change are in disarray. The complicated financial and carbon-trading mechanisms promoted by the United Nations and other global institutions are far too bureaucratic, weak, internally-inconsistent, and scatte ...
... temperature, and to extreme weather events. International strategies for addressing climate change are in disarray. The complicated financial and carbon-trading mechanisms promoted by the United Nations and other global institutions are far too bureaucratic, weak, internally-inconsistent, and scatte ...
Why Analyze Mental Models of Local Climate Change?
... herders and sedentary farmers living in the same valley perceive drought differently and use disparate, but interrelated, strategies to cope with this environmental stress. Sometimes the needs of policymakers and resource managers to achieve intervention goals may further bias model parameters, data ...
... herders and sedentary farmers living in the same valley perceive drought differently and use disparate, but interrelated, strategies to cope with this environmental stress. Sometimes the needs of policymakers and resource managers to achieve intervention goals may further bias model parameters, data ...
pnacc - Mapama
... The evidence that climate change is actually happening has raised general awareness of the need to take action long in advance to be able to anticipate adaptation to its effects. Adaptation is not an alternative to reduce the factors causing climate change, but a necessary, complementary action to t ...
... The evidence that climate change is actually happening has raised general awareness of the need to take action long in advance to be able to anticipate adaptation to its effects. Adaptation is not an alternative to reduce the factors causing climate change, but a necessary, complementary action to t ...
The Latest on Volcanic Eruptions and Climate
... in the past 100,000 years—responsible for a human genetic bottleneck or a 1000-year-long glacial advance? What role did small volcanic eruptions play in the reduced global warming of the past decade? What caused the Little Ice Age? Was the April 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption in Iceland important fo ...
... in the past 100,000 years—responsible for a human genetic bottleneck or a 1000-year-long glacial advance? What role did small volcanic eruptions play in the reduced global warming of the past decade? What caused the Little Ice Age? Was the April 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption in Iceland important fo ...
International Journal of Web Information Systems
... climate change has become an important indicator for governments and policy-makers (Whitmarsh, 2009). In this pursuit, numerous efforts around the globe have strived to capture the awareness using different methods and approaches; Lorenzoni et al. (2007) studied how the general public in the UK perc ...
... climate change has become an important indicator for governments and policy-makers (Whitmarsh, 2009). In this pursuit, numerous efforts around the globe have strived to capture the awareness using different methods and approaches; Lorenzoni et al. (2007) studied how the general public in the UK perc ...
Framing Climate: Implications for Local Government Policy
... Climate change is a relatively new area of policy development characterised by considerable uncertainties. These uncertainties were once dominated by questions over whether anthropogenic or natural factors are the root cause of climate change. However, the fourth assessment report of the Intergovern ...
... Climate change is a relatively new area of policy development characterised by considerable uncertainties. These uncertainties were once dominated by questions over whether anthropogenic or natural factors are the root cause of climate change. However, the fourth assessment report of the Intergovern ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.