http://eureka.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/66/1/TheWrongTrousers.pdf
... undoubted power actually produced quite unexpected and unwelcome results. If the aim was to effect real material change in human impact upon the atmosphere, then Kyoto might have achieved three things: to make any meaningful practical progress at all towards mitigation of anthropogenic greenhouse ga ...
... undoubted power actually produced quite unexpected and unwelcome results. If the aim was to effect real material change in human impact upon the atmosphere, then Kyoto might have achieved three things: to make any meaningful practical progress at all towards mitigation of anthropogenic greenhouse ga ...
1 Low Carbon Growth Partnership between the Japanese side and
... change beyond 2012, promote the Low Carbon Growth Partnership as follows: 2. Both sides hold close policy consultations at various levels for cooperation toward low carbon growth under the UN, at the regional and bilateral frameworks, including the East Asia Low Carbon Growth Partnership. 3. Both si ...
... change beyond 2012, promote the Low Carbon Growth Partnership as follows: 2. Both sides hold close policy consultations at various levels for cooperation toward low carbon growth under the UN, at the regional and bilateral frameworks, including the East Asia Low Carbon Growth Partnership. 3. Both si ...
2 The scientification of climate politics
... Concern for Tomorrow, NMP and Note on Climate Change In the wake of the Brundtland report, the 1988 RIVM report Concern for Tomorrow (Zorgen voor Morgen) had a shock effect in the Netherlands – this first environmental investigation had a fairly alarming tone. Thanks to this scientific input, a Nati ...
... Concern for Tomorrow, NMP and Note on Climate Change In the wake of the Brundtland report, the 1988 RIVM report Concern for Tomorrow (Zorgen voor Morgen) had a shock effect in the Netherlands – this first environmental investigation had a fairly alarming tone. Thanks to this scientific input, a Nati ...
Issues relating to GHG, Sectors and Source Categories in IPCC
... fuelwood and mill residue may be burned in the year of harvest many types of paper are likely to have a use life in uses less than 5 years which may include recycling of paper sawnwood or panels used in buildings may be held for decades to over 100 years discarded HWP can be deposited in sol ...
... fuelwood and mill residue may be burned in the year of harvest many types of paper are likely to have a use life in uses less than 5 years which may include recycling of paper sawnwood or panels used in buildings may be held for decades to over 100 years discarded HWP can be deposited in sol ...
Causes of the northern high-latitude land surface
... shared variance. For some periods (for example, from 1963 to 1968), the AO and AL were in phase. [8] To show the spatial changes of the winter NHL climate in response to changes in the amplitude and polarity of the AO and AL for the period 1958– 2004, the sea level pressure (SLP) and surface air tem ...
... shared variance. For some periods (for example, from 1963 to 1968), the AO and AL were in phase. [8] To show the spatial changes of the winter NHL climate in response to changes in the amplitude and polarity of the AO and AL for the period 1958– 2004, the sea level pressure (SLP) and surface air tem ...
Bangladesh Experience Mohammad Abdul Qayyum 1
... Evaluate systematically effects & effectiveness of integration on Adaptation; Invest more in Capacity Building. ...
... Evaluate systematically effects & effectiveness of integration on Adaptation; Invest more in Capacity Building. ...
Draft Risk Assessment Framework Outline
... likelihood of a particular impact resulting from a defined set of stressors, (3) assess the consequence of the impact, not just in terms of what it does to a particular asset, but in terms of how it affects the surrounding community and beyond, and (4) assess the integrated risk of the consequence a ...
... likelihood of a particular impact resulting from a defined set of stressors, (3) assess the consequence of the impact, not just in terms of what it does to a particular asset, but in terms of how it affects the surrounding community and beyond, and (4) assess the integrated risk of the consequence a ...
airpps.pps - Knockhardy
... end of a spring) . The frequency of vibration can be found by detecting when the molecules absorb electro-magnetic radiation. Various types of vibration are possible. Bending and stretching are two examples and are found in water molecules. Each occurs at a ...
... end of a spring) . The frequency of vibration can be found by detecting when the molecules absorb electro-magnetic radiation. Various types of vibration are possible. Bending and stretching are two examples and are found in water molecules. Each occurs at a ...
Rapid Climate Change Science Plan
... 1997, Vellinga and Wood 2001, Seager et al. 2001). The THC consists of deep convection induced by surface cooling at high latitudes, sinking to depth, and upwelling of deep waters at lower latitudes, with horizontal shallow and deep currents feeding these vertical flows. The deep convection and sink ...
... 1997, Vellinga and Wood 2001, Seager et al. 2001). The THC consists of deep convection induced by surface cooling at high latitudes, sinking to depth, and upwelling of deep waters at lower latitudes, with horizontal shallow and deep currents feeding these vertical flows. The deep convection and sink ...
Svalbard innmat
... patterns, modes of variability and distribution of precipitation? ● What are the feedbacks that may influence the course of climate change? ● Will a blue Arctic be opening up a new oceanic sink for atmospheric CO2, and will the warming trend increase or decrease the sources and sinks for greenhouse ...
... patterns, modes of variability and distribution of precipitation? ● What are the feedbacks that may influence the course of climate change? ● Will a blue Arctic be opening up a new oceanic sink for atmospheric CO2, and will the warming trend increase or decrease the sources and sinks for greenhouse ...
The Electric Power Industry and Climate Change
... independent system operator (ISO) or other grid operator. The most notable of these proposed approaches is the CERTS Microgrid Concept [27], based on the aggregation of cogeneration systems, other generators such as microturbines, fuel cells, and reciprocating engines, and controllable loads. The ge ...
... independent system operator (ISO) or other grid operator. The most notable of these proposed approaches is the CERTS Microgrid Concept [27], based on the aggregation of cogeneration systems, other generators such as microturbines, fuel cells, and reciprocating engines, and controllable loads. The ge ...
Clouds and radiation
... Understand how high clouds differ from low clouds in terms of albedo and absorption ...
... Understand how high clouds differ from low clouds in terms of albedo and absorption ...
No Slide Title
... end of a spring) . The frequency of vibration can be found by detecting when the molecules absorb electro-magnetic radiation. Various types of vibration are possible. Bending and stretching are two examples and are found in water molecules. Each occurs at a ...
... end of a spring) . The frequency of vibration can be found by detecting when the molecules absorb electro-magnetic radiation. Various types of vibration are possible. Bending and stretching are two examples and are found in water molecules. Each occurs at a ...
Trends in Extreme Weather and Climate Events: Issues Related to
... ate increases in extreme temperature. There are small areas of decrease in the Labrador Sea and Southern Ocean that are associated with changes in ocean circulation. The changes in the return values of daily minimum temperature (Fig. 1b) are larger than those of daily maximum temperature over land ...
... ate increases in extreme temperature. There are small areas of decrease in the Labrador Sea and Southern Ocean that are associated with changes in ocean circulation. The changes in the return values of daily minimum temperature (Fig. 1b) are larger than those of daily maximum temperature over land ...
PDF
... derived from combining instrumental data and proxy temperature indications using tree ring, ice core and other paleo-climatic data. Readers will also learn that global warming cannot easily be avoided by reducing CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions in rich countries. Not only is emissions reducti ...
... derived from combining instrumental data and proxy temperature indications using tree ring, ice core and other paleo-climatic data. Readers will also learn that global warming cannot easily be avoided by reducing CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions in rich countries. Not only is emissions reducti ...
The challenge to detect and attribute effects of climate change on
... with the climate system” (United Nations 1992). While the debate about the exact definition of “dangerous” in the sense of the UNFCCC is on-going, policy-makers and the public have clearly demanded robust information about impacts that have already been observed and might illustrate possible current ...
... with the climate system” (United Nations 1992). While the debate about the exact definition of “dangerous” in the sense of the UNFCCC is on-going, policy-makers and the public have clearly demanded robust information about impacts that have already been observed and might illustrate possible current ...
PDF
... Climate change is one of the biggest problems facing the world today, and also one of the most complex. The most prominent attempts to synthesise the evidence on the central issues are the Assessment Reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2007a,b,c), consisting of thousands of pag ...
... Climate change is one of the biggest problems facing the world today, and also one of the most complex. The most prominent attempts to synthesise the evidence on the central issues are the Assessment Reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2007a,b,c), consisting of thousands of pag ...
The challenge to detect and attribute effects of climate change on
... with the climate system” (United Nations 1992). While the debate about the exact definition of “dangerous” in the sense of the UNFCCC is on-going, policy-makers and the public have clearly demanded robust information about impacts that have already been observed and might illustrate possible current ...
... with the climate system” (United Nations 1992). While the debate about the exact definition of “dangerous” in the sense of the UNFCCC is on-going, policy-makers and the public have clearly demanded robust information about impacts that have already been observed and might illustrate possible current ...
a pre-publication version here.
... when experts tell lay audiences about the technical aspects of climate change, typically in oneway communication, there is little room for dialogue, building a shared understanding of the problem and possible solutions. In short, science is not the most resonant grounding for a fruitful exchange on ...
... when experts tell lay audiences about the technical aspects of climate change, typically in oneway communication, there is little room for dialogue, building a shared understanding of the problem and possible solutions. In short, science is not the most resonant grounding for a fruitful exchange on ...
Asynchronous exposure to global warming: freshwater resources and terrestrial ecosystems
... This modelling study demonstrates at what level of global mean temperature rise (1Tg ) regions will be exposed to significant decreases of freshwater availability and changes to terrestrial ecosystems. Projections are based on a new, consistent set of 152 climate scenarios (eight 1Tg trajectories re ...
... This modelling study demonstrates at what level of global mean temperature rise (1Tg ) regions will be exposed to significant decreases of freshwater availability and changes to terrestrial ecosystems. Projections are based on a new, consistent set of 152 climate scenarios (eight 1Tg trajectories re ...
4. Influence of Climate Change on the Condition of the Catchment`s
... Information from the regional NRM planning framework review (see section 3.1) and stakeholder engagement has been used to describe the influence of climate change on each of the three regional natural resource classes identified in the Goulburn Broken RCS. Tables 1, 2 and 3 (below) summarise informa ...
... Information from the regional NRM planning framework review (see section 3.1) and stakeholder engagement has been used to describe the influence of climate change on each of the three regional natural resource classes identified in the Goulburn Broken RCS. Tables 1, 2 and 3 (below) summarise informa ...
Annexes
... Aerosol: A suspension of airborne solid or liquid particles, with a typical size between a few nanometres and 10 μm that reside in the atmosphere for at least several hours. For convenience the term aerosol, which includes both the particles and the suspending gas, is often used in this report in it ...
... Aerosol: A suspension of airborne solid or liquid particles, with a typical size between a few nanometres and 10 μm that reside in the atmosphere for at least several hours. For convenience the term aerosol, which includes both the particles and the suspending gas, is often used in this report in it ...
Do international factors influence the passage of climate change
... Increasing numbers of countries are passing climate change legislation. Practically all major emitters of greenhouse gases have in place laws to control emissions, conserve energy or promote cleaner forms of energy production, while vulnerable countries are taking steps to prepare for the impacts of ...
... Increasing numbers of countries are passing climate change legislation. Practically all major emitters of greenhouse gases have in place laws to control emissions, conserve energy or promote cleaner forms of energy production, while vulnerable countries are taking steps to prepare for the impacts of ...
Climate Change and National Security
... warning about the potential security consequences of global warming, but the proposed solutions that accompanied recent efforts have emphasized broader climate policy rather than specific responses to security threats. Because the links between climate change and national security are worthy of conc ...
... warning about the potential security consequences of global warming, but the proposed solutions that accompanied recent efforts have emphasized broader climate policy rather than specific responses to security threats. Because the links between climate change and national security are worthy of conc ...
Shifting Fossil Fuel Subsidies to International Climate Finance1
... the same letter, Directors noted the ongoing support for fossil fuels in the U.S. as a reason to continue providing that support internationally. This explicit linkage between ending subsidies and providing climate finance is important, particularly in light of the World Bank’s potential role as a k ...
... the same letter, Directors noted the ongoing support for fossil fuels in the U.S. as a reason to continue providing that support internationally. This explicit linkage between ending subsidies and providing climate finance is important, particularly in light of the World Bank’s potential role as a k ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.