A georeferenced agent-based model to analyze the
... Waterloo, Ontario, Canada (Received 21 January 2014; final version received 1 June 2014) ABSTRACT ...
... Waterloo, Ontario, Canada (Received 21 January 2014; final version received 1 June 2014) ABSTRACT ...
How will organic carbon stocks in mineral soils
... by a range of climate models for a range of climate scenarios to examine the impacts of future climate on global soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks. The results suggest an overall global increase in SOC stocks by 2100 under all scenarios, but with a different extent of increase among the climate model ...
... by a range of climate models for a range of climate scenarios to examine the impacts of future climate on global soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks. The results suggest an overall global increase in SOC stocks by 2100 under all scenarios, but with a different extent of increase among the climate model ...
KNMI`14: Climate Change scenarios for the 21st Century – A
... Climate, defined as the “average weather including its statistical distribution”, varies spatially and is variable at all time scales. The origin of these variations varies strongly, ranging from fluctuations in the solar radiance, the Earth-Sun geometry, volcanic disturbances of the atmospheric aer ...
... Climate, defined as the “average weather including its statistical distribution”, varies spatially and is variable at all time scales. The origin of these variations varies strongly, ranging from fluctuations in the solar radiance, the Earth-Sun geometry, volcanic disturbances of the atmospheric aer ...
South Africa`s Second National Communication under the
... been built on its wealth of mineral resources and its primary sectors, but which is now shifting towards an ever greater GDP share in tertiary sectors. Since the establishment of a democratic government in 1994, South African national policy has strived to address the legacy of Apartheid, including ...
... been built on its wealth of mineral resources and its primary sectors, but which is now shifting towards an ever greater GDP share in tertiary sectors. Since the establishment of a democratic government in 1994, South African national policy has strived to address the legacy of Apartheid, including ...
Examination of an Emerging Concept to Mitigate Climate Change
... other organic material—has the potential to offer multiple environmental benefits. Some contend that biochar can meet pressing environmental demands by sequestering large amounts of carbon in soil. It is of interest to those seeking to sell or purchase carbon offsets, increase soil conservation effo ...
... other organic material—has the potential to offer multiple environmental benefits. Some contend that biochar can meet pressing environmental demands by sequestering large amounts of carbon in soil. It is of interest to those seeking to sell or purchase carbon offsets, increase soil conservation effo ...
EFFECTS OF WEATHER AND CLIMATE VARIABILITY ON FISHING
... distribution and productivity are known to be influenced by climate dynamics. Research has shown that small-scale fisher-folk in the developing countries are more vulnerable to climate variability due to their high reliance on fisheries and poor adaptive capacity. However most studies so far have co ...
... distribution and productivity are known to be influenced by climate dynamics. Research has shown that small-scale fisher-folk in the developing countries are more vulnerable to climate variability due to their high reliance on fisheries and poor adaptive capacity. However most studies so far have co ...
River Basin Management in a changing climate
... In the context of the WFD Common Implementation Strategy, an activity on Climate Change and Water was initiated in 2007 to produce guidance on how Member States should incorporate consideration of climate variability and change into the implementation of EU water policy. In 2008, the Water Directors ...
... In the context of the WFD Common Implementation Strategy, an activity on Climate Change and Water was initiated in 2007 to produce guidance on how Member States should incorporate consideration of climate variability and change into the implementation of EU water policy. In 2008, the Water Directors ...
Major Issues with IPCC Report
... acted as peer-reviewers for each other’s work. [4] Of the 44 contributing authors, more than half have coauthored papers with the Lead Authors or Coordinating Lead Authors. The review editor of that chapter - who was also a Coordinating Lead Author for the corresponding chapter of the previous asses ...
... acted as peer-reviewers for each other’s work. [4] Of the 44 contributing authors, more than half have coauthored papers with the Lead Authors or Coordinating Lead Authors. The review editor of that chapter - who was also a Coordinating Lead Author for the corresponding chapter of the previous asses ...
PDF
... facilitating specific adaptations. For example, R&D investment in new technical or management options. This paper is largely concerned with planned adaptation. Increasingly there appears to be recognition of the need to simultaneously implement adaptation and mitigation. However, this presents signi ...
... facilitating specific adaptations. For example, R&D investment in new technical or management options. This paper is largely concerned with planned adaptation. Increasingly there appears to be recognition of the need to simultaneously implement adaptation and mitigation. However, this presents signi ...
climate mitigation in the least carbon emitting countries
... Development has entered a time where it cannot be thought of without reference to climate change. While historically development in the industrialized countries has to a great extent been driven by a fossil fuel based economy, this option is no longer seen as viable for developing countries, which a ...
... Development has entered a time where it cannot be thought of without reference to climate change. While historically development in the industrialized countries has to a great extent been driven by a fossil fuel based economy, this option is no longer seen as viable for developing countries, which a ...
Asia-Pacific Human Development Report
... society, academia, research institutions, the media, faith-based groups, the private sector and others. Technical sub-regional consultations are held to hear stakeholders’ perspectives and experiences relating to the theme; to sharpen the direction and scope of specific issues; and to promote early ...
... society, academia, research institutions, the media, faith-based groups, the private sector and others. Technical sub-regional consultations are held to hear stakeholders’ perspectives and experiences relating to the theme; to sharpen the direction and scope of specific issues; and to promote early ...
Predicting organismal vulnerability to climate warming: roles of
... Here, we evaluate the reliability of potential proxies (e.g. critical temperatures) that are often available for some groups. Several proxies for ectotherms are promising, but analogous ones for endotherms are lacking. We also develop a simple graphical model of how behavioural thermoregulation, acc ...
... Here, we evaluate the reliability of potential proxies (e.g. critical temperatures) that are often available for some groups. Several proxies for ectotherms are promising, but analogous ones for endotherms are lacking. We also develop a simple graphical model of how behavioural thermoregulation, acc ...
International Conference on Climate and Environment Change
... implementation of adaptation measures. Policy and decision makers increasingly stress the need to improve the monitoring schemes of snow, ice and water resources in the Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) region to support evidence-based adaptation planning. Several initiatives are being implemented in the b ...
... implementation of adaptation measures. Policy and decision makers increasingly stress the need to improve the monitoring schemes of snow, ice and water resources in the Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) region to support evidence-based adaptation planning. Several initiatives are being implemented in the b ...
Predicting organismal vulnerability to climate warming
... Here, we evaluate the reliability of potential proxies (e.g. critical temperatures) that are often available for some groups. Several proxies for ectotherms are promising, but analogous ones for endotherms are lacking. We also develop a simple graphical model of how behavioural thermoregulation, acc ...
... Here, we evaluate the reliability of potential proxies (e.g. critical temperatures) that are often available for some groups. Several proxies for ectotherms are promising, but analogous ones for endotherms are lacking. We also develop a simple graphical model of how behavioural thermoregulation, acc ...
An Economic Analysis of Climate Change Impacts and Adaptations
... be large if ongoing adaptations to extreme events are not implemented. Costs could also be large if appropriate adaptations are not implemented in other sectors that directly affect public health, particularly water resources and energy. The costs associated with additional adaptations within the pu ...
... be large if ongoing adaptations to extreme events are not implemented. Costs could also be large if appropriate adaptations are not implemented in other sectors that directly affect public health, particularly water resources and energy. The costs associated with additional adaptations within the pu ...
Climate Change and Restoration of Degraded Land
... land surface can be considered as prime or Class I land, and this must feed the 6.3 billion people today and the 8.2 billion expected in the year 2020 (Reich et al. 2001). Hence land degradation will remain high on the international agenda in the 21st century. Sustainable land management practices a ...
... land surface can be considered as prime or Class I land, and this must feed the 6.3 billion people today and the 8.2 billion expected in the year 2020 (Reich et al. 2001). Hence land degradation will remain high on the international agenda in the 21st century. Sustainable land management practices a ...
Planning for Sea-Level Rise: State-by
... Members include elected official in the state legislature as well as several nongovernmental stakeholders who provided technical expertise Report purpose: Outline the findings of the Shoreline Preservation Task Force which was a bipartisan effort to study and make legislative recommendations on st ...
... Members include elected official in the state legislature as well as several nongovernmental stakeholders who provided technical expertise Report purpose: Outline the findings of the Shoreline Preservation Task Force which was a bipartisan effort to study and make legislative recommendations on st ...
Climate Change Adaptation by Federal Agencies: An Analysis Jane A. Leggett, Coordinator
... this report is to provide background to Congress regarding efforts under way to identify and address through adaptation potential vulnerabilities of federal agencies’ resources (lands, facilities, operations, personnel) to projected climate change.3 To date, the executive branch has guided federal a ...
... this report is to provide background to Congress regarding efforts under way to identify and address through adaptation potential vulnerabilities of federal agencies’ resources (lands, facilities, operations, personnel) to projected climate change.3 To date, the executive branch has guided federal a ...
Understanding and responding to climate change in the
... Climate change affects everyone regardless of national and business boundaries. Climate change developments are likely to affect nearly every part of the seafood industry (from production to consumption). Such developments may be negative, but could also be positive. Observations suggest current rat ...
... Climate change affects everyone regardless of national and business boundaries. Climate change developments are likely to affect nearly every part of the seafood industry (from production to consumption). Such developments may be negative, but could also be positive. Observations suggest current rat ...
Uncertainty contributions to low
... There are numerous regional and national studies that have analysed the effects of climate change on the streamflow regime, including low flows (e.g. Feyen and Dankers, 2009; Prudhomme and Davies, 2009; Chauveau et al., 2013, among others). Most of them apply outputs from different global or regiona ...
... There are numerous regional and national studies that have analysed the effects of climate change on the streamflow regime, including low flows (e.g. Feyen and Dankers, 2009; Prudhomme and Davies, 2009; Chauveau et al., 2013, among others). Most of them apply outputs from different global or regiona ...
Fluvial responses to climate and sea-level change
... provide a context for observed historical trends and predicted near-future conditions. Second, development of sequence-stratigraphic concepts and methods (e.g. Vail et al., 1977; Jervey, 1988; Posamentier & Vail, 1988; Posamentier et al., 1988) provided a potential unifying framework for much of sed ...
... provide a context for observed historical trends and predicted near-future conditions. Second, development of sequence-stratigraphic concepts and methods (e.g. Vail et al., 1977; Jervey, 1988; Posamentier & Vail, 1988; Posamentier et al., 1988) provided a potential unifying framework for much of sed ...
Coastal flooding and wetland loss in the 21st century: changes
... flooding by storm surges; and (2) potential losses of coastal wetlands through the 21st century. These scenarios are derived from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES). Four different storylines are analysed: the A1FI, A2, B1 and B2 ‘worlds’ ...
... flooding by storm surges; and (2) potential losses of coastal wetlands through the 21st century. These scenarios are derived from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES). Four different storylines are analysed: the A1FI, A2, B1 and B2 ‘worlds’ ...
carbOn in the bank: OntariO`s Greenbelt and its rOle in MitiGatinG
... the Greenbelt has the potential to act as a long-term safeguard for the valuable stock of natural capital within the Greenbelt, whose ecosystems offer a broad set of benefits including the provision of clean drinking water, improved air quality, and vital natural habitat. In a time of growing urgenc ...
... the Greenbelt has the potential to act as a long-term safeguard for the valuable stock of natural capital within the Greenbelt, whose ecosystems offer a broad set of benefits including the provision of clean drinking water, improved air quality, and vital natural habitat. In a time of growing urgenc ...
Climate Change curriculum
... with an oli (chant). The oli sets a tone of respect and reverence for the elements as we seek to understand the changes to climate that are occurring all around us. Climate change is a complex topic that provides opportunities for students to explore many interrelationships, including the connection ...
... with an oli (chant). The oli sets a tone of respect and reverence for the elements as we seek to understand the changes to climate that are occurring all around us. Climate change is a complex topic that provides opportunities for students to explore many interrelationships, including the connection ...
International Council on Human Rights Policy (Stephen Humphreys), Climate Change and Human Rights: A Rough Guide (ICHRP, 2008) - FULL TEXT
... human rights agencies to help States understand the adverse effects of climate change on the most vulnerable populations of the region, and to build the ability of States to adapt to evolving climate phenomena more effectively. There is little doubt now that climate change has serious development im ...
... human rights agencies to help States understand the adverse effects of climate change on the most vulnerable populations of the region, and to build the ability of States to adapt to evolving climate phenomena more effectively. There is little doubt now that climate change has serious development im ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.