Kerala State Action Plan on Climate Change
... activities and programmes that will take into account state level variations, geographical specificities and socioeconomic considerations. ...
... activities and programmes that will take into account state level variations, geographical specificities and socioeconomic considerations. ...
PDF
... publication bias and selection bias introduced by the analysts. This includes making sure that all primary studies measure the same effect,3 and discussing any necessary adjustment of the dependent variable. While testing for publication bias is recommended in meta-analysis studies, these tests cann ...
... publication bias and selection bias introduced by the analysts. This includes making sure that all primary studies measure the same effect,3 and discussing any necessary adjustment of the dependent variable. While testing for publication bias is recommended in meta-analysis studies, these tests cann ...
Approaches to Climate Change Adaptation
... 4) Risk acceptance: Accepting the potential for adverse impacts that have a low likelihood of occurrence, by not taking any specific measures today, or by delaying the implementation of measures while monitoring the situation. 5) Exploitation of opportunities: Among the impacts of climate change, ne ...
... 4) Risk acceptance: Accepting the potential for adverse impacts that have a low likelihood of occurrence, by not taking any specific measures today, or by delaying the implementation of measures while monitoring the situation. 5) Exploitation of opportunities: Among the impacts of climate change, ne ...
Arctic Academy Programme (ARKTIKO) 2014 – 2018 Project
... The platform will be set up in the Kara Sea, the next frontier of Arctic offshore. This serves as a stepping stone for Pan-Arctic services. The main innovative feature is that all Arctic ship traffic is included and coupled in near real-time fashion with ice information consisting of ice model forec ...
... The platform will be set up in the Kara Sea, the next frontier of Arctic offshore. This serves as a stepping stone for Pan-Arctic services. The main innovative feature is that all Arctic ship traffic is included and coupled in near real-time fashion with ice information consisting of ice model forec ...
Climate Change Adaptation Manual
... increasingly clear in recent decades, and there is strong evidence that we can expect further changes over the rest of this century and beyond. At a global scale, the key reference documents are the reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The IPCC was established under the a ...
... increasingly clear in recent decades, and there is strong evidence that we can expect further changes over the rest of this century and beyond. At a global scale, the key reference documents are the reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The IPCC was established under the a ...
The Poverty and Welfare Impacts of Climate Change
... gaining by 7.0 percent and 8.0 percent, respectively (IMF 2012). If developing countries maintain their income growth rates, poverty headcounts at the $1- or $2-per-day income levels could turn out to be almost obsolete as measures of well-being over the next 50 to 100 years. Amid this good news, ho ...
... gaining by 7.0 percent and 8.0 percent, respectively (IMF 2012). If developing countries maintain their income growth rates, poverty headcounts at the $1- or $2-per-day income levels could turn out to be almost obsolete as measures of well-being over the next 50 to 100 years. Amid this good news, ho ...
Mechanism of Interdecadal Thermohaline Circulation Variability in a
... NAO. The mechanism for phase reversal has many similarities to that found in a previous study with a much lower resolution coupled model, suggesting that this mechanism may be quite robust. However the time scale, and details of the atmospheric forcing, differ. The THC variability in HadCM3 has sign ...
... NAO. The mechanism for phase reversal has many similarities to that found in a previous study with a much lower resolution coupled model, suggesting that this mechanism may be quite robust. However the time scale, and details of the atmospheric forcing, differ. The THC variability in HadCM3 has sign ...
LCCARL299_en.pdf
... 1. Sanitation and water supply ............................................................................................................ 81 2. Bed nets and spraying programmes ................................................................................................ 81 F. Conclusions and re ...
... 1. Sanitation and water supply ............................................................................................................ 81 2. Bed nets and spraying programmes ................................................................................................ 81 F. Conclusions and re ...
National Integrated Mitigation Planning in Agriculture: A review paper
... Policy alignment: LEDS align with broader national development strategies. Where LEDS exist, they provide the policy framework for agricultural NAMAs. Most countries do not have a LEDS, but alignment with national development strategies is often a criterion for the selection of specific actions as N ...
... Policy alignment: LEDS align with broader national development strategies. Where LEDS exist, they provide the policy framework for agricultural NAMAs. Most countries do not have a LEDS, but alignment with national development strategies is often a criterion for the selection of specific actions as N ...
Climate Change Adaptation Manual
... increasingly clear in recent decades, and there is strong evidence that we can expect further changes over the rest of this century and beyond. At a global scale, the key reference documents are the reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The IPCC was established under the a ...
... increasingly clear in recent decades, and there is strong evidence that we can expect further changes over the rest of this century and beyond. At a global scale, the key reference documents are the reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The IPCC was established under the a ...
Planning instruments
... In 2014, the National Climate Change Adaptation Research Facility (NCCARF) was commissioned by the Australian Government to produce a coastal climate risk management tool in support of coastal managers adapting to climate change and sea-level rise. This online tool, known as CoastAdapt, provides inf ...
... In 2014, the National Climate Change Adaptation Research Facility (NCCARF) was commissioned by the Australian Government to produce a coastal climate risk management tool in support of coastal managers adapting to climate change and sea-level rise. This online tool, known as CoastAdapt, provides inf ...
Nota di lavoro 2000.038 - Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei
... resources as well as increasing people’s exposure to coastal hazards. In historic times, but even more pronounced in recent years, coastal populations around the world have suffered from serious disasters caused by storm floods and related wave and wind attack and precipitation. A dramatic example c ...
... resources as well as increasing people’s exposure to coastal hazards. In historic times, but even more pronounced in recent years, coastal populations around the world have suffered from serious disasters caused by storm floods and related wave and wind attack and precipitation. A dramatic example c ...
Scanning the Conservation Horizon
... measures. Conservation in an era of climate change will require that we not only acknowledge and address the environmental problems of the past but also anticipate and prepare for those of an increasingly uncertain future. ...
... measures. Conservation in an era of climate change will require that we not only acknowledge and address the environmental problems of the past but also anticipate and prepare for those of an increasingly uncertain future. ...
Avoiding Adaptation Apartheid: Climate Change Adaptation and
... framework to the management-based problem of climate change-is, even if normatively desirable, akin to fitting a square peg in a round hole. Such management-based problems frequently involve technical experts, policy analysts, and policymakers who collectively negotiate and design long-term, coordin ...
... framework to the management-based problem of climate change-is, even if normatively desirable, akin to fitting a square peg in a round hole. Such management-based problems frequently involve technical experts, policy analysts, and policymakers who collectively negotiate and design long-term, coordin ...
Scanning the Conservation Horizon
... measures. Conservation in an era of climate change will require that we not only acknowledge and address the environmental problems of the past but also anticipate and prepare for those of an increasingly uncertain future. ...
... measures. Conservation in an era of climate change will require that we not only acknowledge and address the environmental problems of the past but also anticipate and prepare for those of an increasingly uncertain future. ...
Norway`s Fifth National Communication under the Framework
... of the Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol and the scientific understanding of the greenhouse effect set out in the reports from IPCC. Climate change and emissions of greenhouse gases have been a concern of Norwegian policy since the late 1980s. Most sources of greenhouse gas emissio ...
... of the Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol and the scientific understanding of the greenhouse effect set out in the reports from IPCC. Climate change and emissions of greenhouse gases have been a concern of Norwegian policy since the late 1980s. Most sources of greenhouse gas emissio ...
global forum on food security and nutrition
... systems. In addition, we invite you to identify possible measures to protect and/or improve nutrition and to adapt to climate change, while reducing and removing greenhouse gas emissions thus ensuring long-term food security. We are well aware of the richness of relevant knowledge existing around th ...
... systems. In addition, we invite you to identify possible measures to protect and/or improve nutrition and to adapt to climate change, while reducing and removing greenhouse gas emissions thus ensuring long-term food security. We are well aware of the richness of relevant knowledge existing around th ...
Technology Needs Assessments – Mitigation Report
... Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh ii ...
... Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh ii ...
Reconstructing Climatic and Environmental Changes of the Past
... various proxy records is examined. As indicators, the proxies duly represent or record aspects of local climate. Questions on the relevance and validity of the locality paradigm for climatological research become sharper as studies of climatic changes on timescales of 50-100 years or longer are purs ...
... various proxy records is examined. As indicators, the proxies duly represent or record aspects of local climate. Questions on the relevance and validity of the locality paradigm for climatological research become sharper as studies of climatic changes on timescales of 50-100 years or longer are purs ...
The implications for climate sensitivity of AR5 forcing and heat...
... energy budget studies (Gregory et al., 2002; Otto et al., 2013). There is a trade off in that longer periods reduce the effects of interannual and decadal internal variability (although not of multidecadal variability), but also reduce the magnitude of F and make it difficult to avoid major volcani ...
... energy budget studies (Gregory et al., 2002; Otto et al., 2013). There is a trade off in that longer periods reduce the effects of interannual and decadal internal variability (although not of multidecadal variability), but also reduce the magnitude of F and make it difficult to avoid major volcani ...
The anatomy of a climatic oscillation: vegetation change in eastern
... plant taxa continued in many regions without evidence of a ‘reversal’ (e.g. Shane, 1987; McGlone, 1995; Singer et al., 1998; Bennett et al., 2001). The regional differences among vegetation changes during the YDC may help to identify processes that shape abrupt climate change and control ecological ...
... plant taxa continued in many regions without evidence of a ‘reversal’ (e.g. Shane, 1987; McGlone, 1995; Singer et al., 1998; Bennett et al., 2001). The regional differences among vegetation changes during the YDC may help to identify processes that shape abrupt climate change and control ecological ...
Climate Trends, Hazards and Extremes – Taranaki Synthesis Report
... results regarding present climate come from several other reports prepared for the New Plymouth District Council and Taranaki Regional Council prepared between 2006 and 2008. New results are presented for an analysis of the drought hazard, and showing the climate changes predicted for the Taranaki r ...
... results regarding present climate come from several other reports prepared for the New Plymouth District Council and Taranaki Regional Council prepared between 2006 and 2008. New results are presented for an analysis of the drought hazard, and showing the climate changes predicted for the Taranaki r ...
Climate Time Series Analysis
... Climate is a paradigm of a complex system. Analysing climate data is an exciting challenge. Analysis connects the two other fields where climate scientists work, measurements and models. Climate time series analysis uses statistical methods to learn about the time evolution of climate. The most impo ...
... Climate is a paradigm of a complex system. Analysing climate data is an exciting challenge. Analysis connects the two other fields where climate scientists work, measurements and models. Climate time series analysis uses statistical methods to learn about the time evolution of climate. The most impo ...
Environmental governance and climate change in Africa
... The manner in which law could be used to address the deleterious effects of climate change accordingly provides numerous opportunities to reinvigorate the debate surrounding climate change and its effects on developing countries, particularly, those situated on the African continent. In response to ...
... The manner in which law could be used to address the deleterious effects of climate change accordingly provides numerous opportunities to reinvigorate the debate surrounding climate change and its effects on developing countries, particularly, those situated on the African continent. In response to ...
the identification of a solar signal in climate records of the last 500
... Clear evidence is established herein for the ability of relatively small changes in solar irradiance to impact the global climate. Both at the century scale and at shorter periodicities, the variability of the solar ‘constant’ is influential in defining the global mean climate and more importantly, ...
... Clear evidence is established herein for the ability of relatively small changes in solar irradiance to impact the global climate. Both at the century scale and at shorter periodicities, the variability of the solar ‘constant’ is influential in defining the global mean climate and more importantly, ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.