High Resolution Version - American Meteorological Society
... single events be reliably determined given that observations of extremes are limited and implications of model biases for establishing the causes of those events are poorly understood? The scientific developments in this report—now in its fourth year—as well as in the broader scientific literature, ...
... single events be reliably determined given that observations of extremes are limited and implications of model biases for establishing the causes of those events are poorly understood? The scientific developments in this report—now in its fourth year—as well as in the broader scientific literature, ...
TEM simulated monthly net methane emissions
... and climate change scenarios were conducted to assess the uncertainty of CH4 fluxes, including emissions and consumption. On the basis of these simulations we estimate the current net emissions in the region to be 20–24 Tg CH4 yr−1 (1 Tg = 1012 g), two-thirds of which are emitted during the summer. ...
... and climate change scenarios were conducted to assess the uncertainty of CH4 fluxes, including emissions and consumption. On the basis of these simulations we estimate the current net emissions in the region to be 20–24 Tg CH4 yr−1 (1 Tg = 1012 g), two-thirds of which are emitted during the summer. ...
Climate Change Adaptation Guidelines in Coastal Management and
... and major new infrastructure. Such decisions cannot always be based on perfect information and frequently cannot be delayed until new science, research or understanding is available. However, such decisions made now may determine how a particular part of the coastal zone is used for many years into ...
... and major new infrastructure. Such decisions cannot always be based on perfect information and frequently cannot be delayed until new science, research or understanding is available. However, such decisions made now may determine how a particular part of the coastal zone is used for many years into ...
Constructing Sea-Level Scenarios for Impact and Adaptation
... Figure 2: Summary of a methodology commonly applied for developing sea-level scenarios for impact assessment and adaptation planning. MSL – mean sea level; ESL – extreme sea level. ........................ 5 Figure 3: The estimated budget of the components of global mean sea level change (A), their ...
... Figure 2: Summary of a methodology commonly applied for developing sea-level scenarios for impact assessment and adaptation planning. MSL – mean sea level; ESL – extreme sea level. ........................ 5 Figure 3: The estimated budget of the components of global mean sea level change (A), their ...
Watershed Modeling to Assess the Sensitivity of Streamflow
... Hydrologic Simulation Program―FORTRAN (HSPF) models. Scenarios of future climate change were developed based on statistically and dynamically downscaled climate model simulations representative of the period 2041−2070. Scenarios of urban and residential development for this same period were develope ...
... Hydrologic Simulation Program―FORTRAN (HSPF) models. Scenarios of future climate change were developed based on statistically and dynamically downscaled climate model simulations representative of the period 2041−2070. Scenarios of urban and residential development for this same period were develope ...
Baseline study for the Climate Change, Agriculture and Poverty
... the district targets ‘modernising’ projects that benefit a few villages each year. MJUMITA and MVIWATA strategic plans and the District Agricultural Development Plans in both districts have not integrated C3S agriculture. The survey also found that the National Climate Change Steering Committee does ...
... the district targets ‘modernising’ projects that benefit a few villages each year. MJUMITA and MVIWATA strategic plans and the District Agricultural Development Plans in both districts have not integrated C3S agriculture. The survey also found that the National Climate Change Steering Committee does ...
PDF
... Wetland ecosystems are important not only for producing waterfowl, but because they provide valuable ecosystem services. These include filtration of agricultural and other pollutants (thereby improving quality of ground and even some surface waters), water for livestock and wildlife, opportunities f ...
... Wetland ecosystems are important not only for producing waterfowl, but because they provide valuable ecosystem services. These include filtration of agricultural and other pollutants (thereby improving quality of ground and even some surface waters), water for livestock and wildlife, opportunities f ...
Lenachuru_colostate_0053A_13620 - DSpace Home
... in their localities is increasingly important, as this knowledge may inform climate adaptation policies and practices. The objectives of this dissertation are: 1) to document the Ilchamus pastoralist IK about weather and climate, including indicators of environmental change; 2) to establish how the ...
... in their localities is increasingly important, as this knowledge may inform climate adaptation policies and practices. The objectives of this dissertation are: 1) to document the Ilchamus pastoralist IK about weather and climate, including indicators of environmental change; 2) to establish how the ...
Quantifying the cost of climate change impacts on local
... Evans, A – Bureau of Meteorology Climate Division South Australia Acknowledgement This work was carried out with financial support from the Australian Government (Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency) and the National Climate Change Adaptation Research Facility. The role of NCCARF is t ...
... Evans, A – Bureau of Meteorology Climate Division South Australia Acknowledgement This work was carried out with financial support from the Australian Government (Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency) and the National Climate Change Adaptation Research Facility. The role of NCCARF is t ...
Coffee and Climate Change - Natural Resources Institute
... weather events. Specifically for tropical regions an increase in extreme weather events is predicted. Scientific research and participatory assessments show, that many of the current coffee growing regions are already suffering from these changing conditions and are very likely to be affected in the ...
... weather events. Specifically for tropical regions an increase in extreme weather events is predicted. Scientific research and participatory assessments show, that many of the current coffee growing regions are already suffering from these changing conditions and are very likely to be affected in the ...
Payne and Pates 2009 Wetlands Ecology and Management
... mires have been termed ‘transitional’ due to their mix of features typical of fens and bogs ...
... mires have been termed ‘transitional’ due to their mix of features typical of fens and bogs ...
Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Tool for Coastal Habitats
... including Eric Brunden, Nina Garfield, Pati Glick, and Pati Delgado. The development team is also appreciative for members of the scientific community who took time to review and provide suggestions on this guidance document including Norm Christensen, Scott Neubauer, R.E. Turner, and Mike Unger. Th ...
... including Eric Brunden, Nina Garfield, Pati Glick, and Pati Delgado. The development team is also appreciative for members of the scientific community who took time to review and provide suggestions on this guidance document including Norm Christensen, Scott Neubauer, R.E. Turner, and Mike Unger. Th ...
E Chapter 14 Impacts of Disturbances etc
... • Disturbances of marine ecosystems have occurred naturally in all places at all times. • Responses on disturbances in terms of species diversities appear general and predictable • Anthropogenic effects must be distinguishable from natural changes (by experimental design) • The continental shelves a ...
... • Disturbances of marine ecosystems have occurred naturally in all places at all times. • Responses on disturbances in terms of species diversities appear general and predictable • Anthropogenic effects must be distinguishable from natural changes (by experimental design) • The continental shelves a ...
Thesis Statement
... the Requirements of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering Systems ABSTRACT Limiting anthropogenic climate change over the next century will require controlling multiple substances. The Kyoto Protocol structure constrains the major greenhouse gases and allows trading among them, but there ...
... the Requirements of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering Systems ABSTRACT Limiting anthropogenic climate change over the next century will require controlling multiple substances. The Kyoto Protocol structure constrains the major greenhouse gases and allows trading among them, but there ...
Selected Tools to Evaluate Water Monitoring Networks for Climate
... climate change (the result of deliberate policy decisions based on an awareness of changing conditions) requires decision-makers to understand the degree to which a system is susceptible to and able to cope with adverse effects of climate change. Governments and water managers can use existing water ...
... climate change (the result of deliberate policy decisions based on an awareness of changing conditions) requires decision-makers to understand the degree to which a system is susceptible to and able to cope with adverse effects of climate change. Governments and water managers can use existing water ...
DISCUSSION PAPER Paving the Way for U.S. Climate
... because climate change affects the constitutional authorities of both political branches of government. Although the President leads our diplomatic efforts, Congress initiates legislation to strengthen our economy, manage government spending, and protect our general welfare. Climate change is a glob ...
... because climate change affects the constitutional authorities of both political branches of government. Although the President leads our diplomatic efforts, Congress initiates legislation to strengthen our economy, manage government spending, and protect our general welfare. Climate change is a glob ...
Ministry for the Environment, Land and Sea Sixth National
... additional measures are needed to meet Italian targets under the “Climate – Energy package”. The National plan for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions identifies a number of additional measures to meet the medium term goals already established and their full implementation will ensure the resp ...
... additional measures are needed to meet Italian targets under the “Climate – Energy package”. The National plan for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions identifies a number of additional measures to meet the medium term goals already established and their full implementation will ensure the resp ...
Climate Change Impacts on the Water Resources of the Cooper
... Figure 1. The Queensland Murray Darling Basin (QMDB). The river systems studied in this report are the MacIntyre Brook and Dumaresq River which exist within the Border Rivers catchment. 9 Figure 2. Global mean temperature projections for the six illustrative SRES scenarios using a simple climate mod ...
... Figure 1. The Queensland Murray Darling Basin (QMDB). The river systems studied in this report are the MacIntyre Brook and Dumaresq River which exist within the Border Rivers catchment. 9 Figure 2. Global mean temperature projections for the six illustrative SRES scenarios using a simple climate mod ...
View online () - National Intelligence University
... such conflict might be prevented or mitigated and what role the international community can play in doing so. The author’s principal hypothesis at the outset is that climate change will increase the risk of violent intrastate conflicts, and that such conflicts will be a particular problem for fragil ...
... such conflict might be prevented or mitigated and what role the international community can play in doing so. The author’s principal hypothesis at the outset is that climate change will increase the risk of violent intrastate conflicts, and that such conflicts will be a particular problem for fragil ...
Australia`s Sixth National Communication on Climate Change
... 2020 irrespective of what other countries do, and by up to 15 or 25 per cent depending on the scale of global action. Looking out to 2050, the Government has committed to cut carbon pollution by 80 per cent below 2000 levels. The Clean Energy Future Plan will ensure Australia meets these commitments ...
... 2020 irrespective of what other countries do, and by up to 15 or 25 per cent depending on the scale of global action. Looking out to 2050, the Government has committed to cut carbon pollution by 80 per cent below 2000 levels. The Clean Energy Future Plan will ensure Australia meets these commitments ...
Weather and Climate Extremes in a Changing Climate. Regions of
... environmental changes. The SAPs are important steps toward achieving that vision and help to translate the CCSP’s extensive observational and research database into informational tools that directly address key questions being asked of the research community. This SAP assesses the state of our knowl ...
... environmental changes. The SAPs are important steps toward achieving that vision and help to translate the CCSP’s extensive observational and research database into informational tools that directly address key questions being asked of the research community. This SAP assesses the state of our knowl ...
FINAL DRAFT IPCC WGII AR5 Chapter 5 Coordinating Lead Authors
... Zone Management) framework that could be carried out in both developed and developing countries, but recognized that the latter would face more challenges. Various issues on increasing the adaptive capacity or increasing the resilience of coastal communities were discussed. The unavoidability of sea ...
... Zone Management) framework that could be carried out in both developed and developing countries, but recognized that the latter would face more challenges. Various issues on increasing the adaptive capacity or increasing the resilience of coastal communities were discussed. The unavoidability of sea ...
The Governance of Scientific Assessment in the Context of the
... programme of work; undertakes outreach and communications activities; oversees the response to possible errors in completed assessment reports and other IPCC products, in line with the IPCC Protocol for Addressing Possible Errors; strengthens coordination among WGs and Task Forces in the preparation ...
... programme of work; undertakes outreach and communications activities; oversees the response to possible errors in completed assessment reports and other IPCC products, in line with the IPCC Protocol for Addressing Possible Errors; strengthens coordination among WGs and Task Forces in the preparation ...
Abrupt climate change as an important agent of ecological change... Northeast U.S. throughout the past 15,000 years
... Holocene climate trends in the North Atlantic region were also punctuated by a series of ice-rafting events (Bond et al., 1997) and by other cool periods documented in Greenland (Alley, 2000). Rapid lake-level changes in the northeast U.S. may be related to these episodes in the North Atlantic (Dief ...
... Holocene climate trends in the North Atlantic region were also punctuated by a series of ice-rafting events (Bond et al., 1997) and by other cool periods documented in Greenland (Alley, 2000). Rapid lake-level changes in the northeast U.S. may be related to these episodes in the North Atlantic (Dief ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.