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... Owing to the fundamental importance of food to human welfare and of climate to crop and livestock production, agriculture has been a focus of research on the impacts of climate change and variability. This research has been largely concerned with implications for the supply and cost of food and for ...
... Owing to the fundamental importance of food to human welfare and of climate to crop and livestock production, agriculture has been a focus of research on the impacts of climate change and variability. This research has been largely concerned with implications for the supply and cost of food and for ...
Arne Bardalen
... Expert Panel for green competitiveness • The Panel will present proposals for an overall strategy for green competitiveness. • Green competitiveness is understood as the private sector's ability to compete globally at a time when stronger instruments are applied to climate policy. • The committee w ...
... Expert Panel for green competitiveness • The Panel will present proposals for an overall strategy for green competitiveness. • Green competitiveness is understood as the private sector's ability to compete globally at a time when stronger instruments are applied to climate policy. • The committee w ...
Reconciling scientific reality with realpolitik: moving beyond carbon
... If a compulsory climate policy framework is to be applied to individuals, families and their homes, it is likely to receive far more scrutiny than present upstream approaches. In this context, the carbon pricing approach of treating all equal-sized emissions cuts as fungible can be expected to raise ...
... If a compulsory climate policy framework is to be applied to individuals, families and their homes, it is likely to receive far more scrutiny than present upstream approaches. In this context, the carbon pricing approach of treating all equal-sized emissions cuts as fungible can be expected to raise ...
OESCHGER, HANS (b. Ottenbach, Zürich, Switzerland, 2 April 1927
... increase of CO2 could represent such a perturbation. As acknowledged by Wallace Broecker in 1997, this paved the way for more than two decades of intensive research on abrupt climate change (Alley, et al. 2002). Carrying Global-Change Research Further. Hans Oeschger was an experimental physicist by ...
... increase of CO2 could represent such a perturbation. As acknowledged by Wallace Broecker in 1997, this paved the way for more than two decades of intensive research on abrupt climate change (Alley, et al. 2002). Carrying Global-Change Research Further. Hans Oeschger was an experimental physicist by ...
Sensitivity of Crop Water Need to 2071–95
... Climatic variability and trends have already been documented for the Caribbean, and such studies generally support predictions of a warmer, drier Caribbean climate in the future (Nurse and Sem 2001). Peterson et al. (Peterson et al. 2002), for example, report a statistically significant warming tren ...
... Climatic variability and trends have already been documented for the Caribbean, and such studies generally support predictions of a warmer, drier Caribbean climate in the future (Nurse and Sem 2001). Peterson et al. (Peterson et al. 2002), for example, report a statistically significant warming tren ...
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research
... between the spatial and temporal scales and resolutions of the models they need to integrate. The nature of climatic change (global, long-term problem with diverse sources and a multitude of impacts) requires a global model with some regional detail that covers dynamic processes of socioeconomic dev ...
... between the spatial and temporal scales and resolutions of the models they need to integrate. The nature of climatic change (global, long-term problem with diverse sources and a multitude of impacts) requires a global model with some regional detail that covers dynamic processes of socioeconomic dev ...
Modeling plant species distributions under future climates: how fine
... Center, 6000 J Street, Sacramento, CA 95819, USA, ¶Science & Knowledge Division, Conservation International, 2011 Crystal Drive, Arlington, VA 22202, USA ...
... Center, 6000 J Street, Sacramento, CA 95819, USA, ¶Science & Knowledge Division, Conservation International, 2011 Crystal Drive, Arlington, VA 22202, USA ...
Will Amazonia Dry Out? Magnitude and Causes of Change from
... models for the twentieth century. The Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) A1B scenario was used to simulate twenty-first century climate. The A1B emissions scenario was selected because it is a fairly representative average of the different emission scenarios conducted by the IPCC and it is ...
... models for the twentieth century. The Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) A1B scenario was used to simulate twenty-first century climate. The A1B emissions scenario was selected because it is a fairly representative average of the different emission scenarios conducted by the IPCC and it is ...
Individual-scale inference to anticipate climate
... DIP. ‘Weak tracking’ represented by bias or large predictive variance means that an input has minor impact on an individual’s health. The ensemble of predictions across individuals over time can provide insights concerning the context where different factors become important for individual health. T ...
... DIP. ‘Weak tracking’ represented by bias or large predictive variance means that an input has minor impact on an individual’s health. The ensemble of predictions across individuals over time can provide insights concerning the context where different factors become important for individual health. T ...
Publications
... (34) Manabe, S., R.J. Stouffer, M.J. Spelman, and K. Bryan.Transient Responses of a Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Model to Gradual Changes of Atmospheric CO2, Part I: Annual Mean Response, Journal of Climate, 4(8):785-818, 1991. (35) Manabe, S., M.J. Spelman, and R.J. Stouffer, Transient Responses of a C ...
... (34) Manabe, S., R.J. Stouffer, M.J. Spelman, and K. Bryan.Transient Responses of a Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Model to Gradual Changes of Atmospheric CO2, Part I: Annual Mean Response, Journal of Climate, 4(8):785-818, 1991. (35) Manabe, S., M.J. Spelman, and R.J. Stouffer, Transient Responses of a C ...
Results Part A: amount of appearances
... (Zahariadis, 2006; Walgrave et al., 2008). This makes it important to take a better look at the influences on this public concern. There are several different effects influencing public concern. For instance Brugge and colleagues (2011) indicated various different influences, such as media, on the p ...
... (Zahariadis, 2006; Walgrave et al., 2008). This makes it important to take a better look at the influences on this public concern. There are several different effects influencing public concern. For instance Brugge and colleagues (2011) indicated various different influences, such as media, on the p ...
A new role for forests and the forest sector in the EU post
... It is voluntary for cropland management, grazing land management, re-vegetation and wetland drainage and rewetting. Emissions of non-CO2 gases (e.g. methane and nitrous oxide) from agricultural practices (e.g. burning of crop residues, fertiliser application, rice cultivation and livestock) must be ...
... It is voluntary for cropland management, grazing land management, re-vegetation and wetland drainage and rewetting. Emissions of non-CO2 gases (e.g. methane and nitrous oxide) from agricultural practices (e.g. burning of crop residues, fertiliser application, rice cultivation and livestock) must be ...
Transitions in climate and energy discourse between Hurricanes Katrina and... Emily M. Cody, Jennie C. Stephens, James P. Bagrow,
... weather events often cause disruptions to energy systems including infrastructure damage, fuel supply shortages, and increases in energy prices. Flooding and high wind speeds reveal multiple energy system vulnerabilities including evacuations of oil rigs and power outages at refineries, which can co ...
... weather events often cause disruptions to energy systems including infrastructure damage, fuel supply shortages, and increases in energy prices. Flooding and high wind speeds reveal multiple energy system vulnerabilities including evacuations of oil rigs and power outages at refineries, which can co ...
Limits of pastoral adaptation to permafrost regions caused by
... regions, such as Hokkaido in Japan (Yoshikawa et al., 2012). These floods happen because of the gradual and uneven process of thawing of river ice, and because the ice gets jammed at some point of the river. Ice-jam floods contribute to the revitalization of the water environment and the regional flora ...
... regions, such as Hokkaido in Japan (Yoshikawa et al., 2012). These floods happen because of the gradual and uneven process of thawing of river ice, and because the ice gets jammed at some point of the river. Ice-jam floods contribute to the revitalization of the water environment and the regional flora ...
IMPLICATIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGES IN THE WIDER
... understands the terms "climate" and "climate change". Climate is understood to be limited to the time averaged meteorological and oceanographic conditions of the marine and coastal environment in the Wider Caribbean Region; although agriculture and forestry are briefly discussed, they are only consi ...
... understands the terms "climate" and "climate change". Climate is understood to be limited to the time averaged meteorological and oceanographic conditions of the marine and coastal environment in the Wider Caribbean Region; although agriculture and forestry are briefly discussed, they are only consi ...
The influence of vegetation dynamics on anthropogenic climate
... albedo reduction is equivalent to a warming, while increased evapotranspiration leads to a cooling. In sum, the cooling outweighs the warming, and forests cool the tropical climate (Snyder et al., 2004). Unlike tropical forests, boreal forests are suggested to warm climate, since they cover the snow ...
... albedo reduction is equivalent to a warming, while increased evapotranspiration leads to a cooling. In sum, the cooling outweighs the warming, and forests cool the tropical climate (Snyder et al., 2004). Unlike tropical forests, boreal forests are suggested to warm climate, since they cover the snow ...
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... treaty that helped garner cooperation was a set of “flexibility mechanisms” that capitalize on the mutual gains from trade, such as multilateral emissions trading, or more modest bilateral cooperation through Joint Implementation and the Clean Development Mechanism. These policy instruments have the ...
... treaty that helped garner cooperation was a set of “flexibility mechanisms” that capitalize on the mutual gains from trade, such as multilateral emissions trading, or more modest bilateral cooperation through Joint Implementation and the Clean Development Mechanism. These policy instruments have the ...
Solar influences on Climate
... On timescales of many millennia the amount of radiation received at the Earth is altered by variations in these orbital parameters. In other words there are changes in the flow of solar energy reaching the Earth in a given time simply as a result of Earth-Sun geometry rather than due to any innate v ...
... On timescales of many millennia the amount of radiation received at the Earth is altered by variations in these orbital parameters. In other words there are changes in the flow of solar energy reaching the Earth in a given time simply as a result of Earth-Sun geometry rather than due to any innate v ...
Climate and carbon cycle dynamics in a CESM simulation from 850
... to the existing set of simulations an integration from 850– 2100 CE with the Community Earth System Model, including a carbon cycle module. The aims of this study are (i) to detect coherent large-scale features of forced variability in temperature and carbon cycle quantities, in particular in respon ...
... to the existing set of simulations an integration from 850– 2100 CE with the Community Earth System Model, including a carbon cycle module. The aims of this study are (i) to detect coherent large-scale features of forced variability in temperature and carbon cycle quantities, in particular in respon ...
Investor Award on Climate-Related Disclosures
... that we have set, and to limit the carbon-related risks in our portfolio. As an institutional investor, there are several tools that we can use for this cause. The underlying principles are to reward frontrunners, and “the polluter pays”. The various tools contribute to our goal in different ways, w ...
... that we have set, and to limit the carbon-related risks in our portfolio. As an institutional investor, there are several tools that we can use for this cause. The underlying principles are to reward frontrunners, and “the polluter pays”. The various tools contribute to our goal in different ways, w ...
RCP2.6: exploring the possibility to keep global mean temperature
... the baseline emission scenario. These models also provide information on the abatement potential and costs of greenhouse gas emissions from the energy and land-use systems. 2. The FAIR-SiMCaP model is used for developing global emission pathways that lead to a long-term stabilization of the atmosphe ...
... the baseline emission scenario. These models also provide information on the abatement potential and costs of greenhouse gas emissions from the energy and land-use systems. 2. The FAIR-SiMCaP model is used for developing global emission pathways that lead to a long-term stabilization of the atmosphe ...
Australian attitudes on climate change
... The research clearly shows that there is no foundation for claims that the forthcoming election is a “referendum on the carbon tax”. Australians sense the opportunity in taking action and there is an emerging sentiment that supports giving carbon pricing a go. There was concern about the perceived “ ...
... The research clearly shows that there is no foundation for claims that the forthcoming election is a “referendum on the carbon tax”. Australians sense the opportunity in taking action and there is an emerging sentiment that supports giving carbon pricing a go. There was concern about the perceived “ ...
Incorporating climate change and growth into the post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction (opens in new window)
... Likely increase in mean maximum wind speed, but possibly not in all basins Likely increase in heavy rainfall associated with tropical cyclones Likely impacts on regional activity (low confidence in detailed projections) Medium confidence in a reduction in the numbers of mid-latitude storms Medium co ...
... Likely increase in mean maximum wind speed, but possibly not in all basins Likely increase in heavy rainfall associated with tropical cyclones Likely impacts on regional activity (low confidence in detailed projections) Medium confidence in a reduction in the numbers of mid-latitude storms Medium co ...
CLIMATIC CHANGE IN MOUNTAIN REGIONS: A REVIEW OF
... tourism (for example, skiing in winter), and thus the environmental pressures associated with different forms of tourism. The conclusions section will focus on possible policy options, based for example on the protection of natural resources in mountain regions, and recommendations for research agen ...
... tourism (for example, skiing in winter), and thus the environmental pressures associated with different forms of tourism. The conclusions section will focus on possible policy options, based for example on the protection of natural resources in mountain regions, and recommendations for research agen ...
Vulnerability and climate change hotspots in Africa
... vulnerability for adaptation planning and knowledge disseminating processes. The climate change hotspots in Africa have been mapped based on existing knowledge. The mapping was done for the water, agriculture, health, coastal and marine sectors. Some adaptation strategies have been pointed out for t ...
... vulnerability for adaptation planning and knowledge disseminating processes. The climate change hotspots in Africa have been mapped based on existing knowledge. The mapping was done for the water, agriculture, health, coastal and marine sectors. Some adaptation strategies have been pointed out for t ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.