Environmental Assessment Tool for Private Aquaculture in the
... If a user suspects that a section in this assessment tool will identify a clear obstacle in their proposed project, it may be useful to work through the section of concern as a preliminary assessment. If a hazard has been identified and the user is unwilling to accept the risk, modifications to the ...
... If a user suspects that a section in this assessment tool will identify a clear obstacle in their proposed project, it may be useful to work through the section of concern as a preliminary assessment. If a hazard has been identified and the user is unwilling to accept the risk, modifications to the ...
Metapopulation Ecology - Department of Ecology and Evolutionary
... small population, and a large patch is more likely to be colonised than a small one as modelled by Hastings and Wolin (1989). The persistence of interacting species has also been modelled using a general form of Levins model, starting with Nee and May (1992). The deterministic models above, interpre ...
... small population, and a large patch is more likely to be colonised than a small one as modelled by Hastings and Wolin (1989). The persistence of interacting species has also been modelled using a general form of Levins model, starting with Nee and May (1992). The deterministic models above, interpre ...
temperature, desiccation, and species performance trends
... basis, intertidal areas are exposed to aerial conditions for longer periods of time as elevation increases. As a result, key ecological factors such as temperature and organism desiccation [10, 27] reach extreme values towards high elevations. Thus, for intertidal communities considered as a whole, ...
... basis, intertidal areas are exposed to aerial conditions for longer periods of time as elevation increases. As a result, key ecological factors such as temperature and organism desiccation [10, 27] reach extreme values towards high elevations. Thus, for intertidal communities considered as a whole, ...
Baboons, Space, Time, and Energy The
... habitats—or of two species in a single habiThere are two complementary, but quite tat—attributable to differences in group different approaches to "explaining" social size, numbers of adult males and females organization. One is reductionistic: an ex- per group, group responses to predators, aminati ...
... habitats—or of two species in a single habiThere are two complementary, but quite tat—attributable to differences in group different approaches to "explaining" social size, numbers of adult males and females organization. One is reductionistic: an ex- per group, group responses to predators, aminati ...
Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) imperilment in North Eastern North
... Species Act due to significant decreases in returning salmon. Historically more than 500,000 fish returned to these rivers. However, estimates over the last few years remain at a low of around 2000 fish. In Maine, research has shown that a Distinct Population Segment (DPS) of fish exist, having nove ...
... Species Act due to significant decreases in returning salmon. Historically more than 500,000 fish returned to these rivers. However, estimates over the last few years remain at a low of around 2000 fish. In Maine, research has shown that a Distinct Population Segment (DPS) of fish exist, having nove ...
stability of terrestrial ecosystems as to pest organisms
... “flowers” (D-II), and on weakened needles with decreased self-protection (D – III). Thus, on DI, density of the defoliators is Zero, whereas on D-II and D-III, it is noticeable. Nevertheless, because amount of these categories of biomass is little, in the whole in ecosystems with evergreen coniferou ...
... “flowers” (D-II), and on weakened needles with decreased self-protection (D – III). Thus, on DI, density of the defoliators is Zero, whereas on D-II and D-III, it is noticeable. Nevertheless, because amount of these categories of biomass is little, in the whole in ecosystems with evergreen coniferou ...
Slide 1
... organizations, and technology. Creation of these through participation and transparency may contribute to freedoms and choice as well as to increased economic, social, and ecological security. By ecological security, we mean the minimum level of ecological stock needed to ensure a sustainable flow o ...
... organizations, and technology. Creation of these through participation and transparency may contribute to freedoms and choice as well as to increased economic, social, and ecological security. By ecological security, we mean the minimum level of ecological stock needed to ensure a sustainable flow o ...
NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF VERTEBRATE HERBIVORES ON
... in consumptive competition when they both use the same resources, or interference competition when they occupy similar space and can preempt that space or grow over each other. Herbivores commonly interact through less conventionally recognized means as well. For example, herbivores may share a pred ...
... in consumptive competition when they both use the same resources, or interference competition when they occupy similar space and can preempt that space or grow over each other. Herbivores commonly interact through less conventionally recognized means as well. For example, herbivores may share a pred ...
COMPETITION AND SALT-MARSH PLANT ZONATION: STRESS
... Barton 1992). Grime’s competitor/stress tolerator/ruderal theory (hereafter CSR theory) of plant life histories classifies plant strategies as competitive, stresstolerant, or ruderal (Grime 1977, 1979). It predicts that the intensity of competition, or the degree to which the presence of neighbors r ...
... Barton 1992). Grime’s competitor/stress tolerator/ruderal theory (hereafter CSR theory) of plant life histories classifies plant strategies as competitive, stresstolerant, or ruderal (Grime 1977, 1979). It predicts that the intensity of competition, or the degree to which the presence of neighbors r ...
Ecology - Hardin County Schools
... A population is a group of organisms of the same species, all living in the same area and interacting with each other. Since they live together in one area, members of the same species reproduce together. Ecologists who study populations determine how healthy or stable the populations are. They also ...
... A population is a group of organisms of the same species, all living in the same area and interacting with each other. Since they live together in one area, members of the same species reproduce together. Ecologists who study populations determine how healthy or stable the populations are. They also ...
Rapid, landscape scale responses in riparian tundra
... from the most digestible forbs to grasses, sedges, deciduous shrubs, and finally to the least digestible evergreen shrubs (Cornelissen et al. 2004). Since such herbaceous vegetation provides important food items for herbivores, it can be expected to attract disproportionally many herbivores as compa ...
... from the most digestible forbs to grasses, sedges, deciduous shrubs, and finally to the least digestible evergreen shrubs (Cornelissen et al. 2004). Since such herbaceous vegetation provides important food items for herbivores, it can be expected to attract disproportionally many herbivores as compa ...
the ecological consequences of changes in biodiversity
... diversity, the diversity–stability hypothesis requires that the summed variances and/or summed covariances decline as diversity increases. The covariance in the abundances of two species summarizes the total effect of one species on the other in a multispecies community. For communities of competito ...
... diversity, the diversity–stability hypothesis requires that the summed variances and/or summed covariances decline as diversity increases. The covariance in the abundances of two species summarizes the total effect of one species on the other in a multispecies community. For communities of competito ...
Colonization in metapopulations: a review of
... stochasticity) a good colonizer should have a high ratio of natality to mortality, best achieved through low mortality. Otherwise, a high and invariable r is advantageous, unless the bad times can be averaged out with a low rate of mortality. The ratio Alp has no dimension, whereas r is expressed pe ...
... stochasticity) a good colonizer should have a high ratio of natality to mortality, best achieved through low mortality. Otherwise, a high and invariable r is advantageous, unless the bad times can be averaged out with a low rate of mortality. The ratio Alp has no dimension, whereas r is expressed pe ...
A review of domestication effects on stocked fish - Murray
... (Gadus morhua) stocking in the Atlantic had not led to any significant increases in cod production or catches. A review paper by Brown and Laland (2001) provided evidence that hatchery-reared fish have lower survival rates and provide lower returns to anglers than wild fish. They also noted the diff ...
... (Gadus morhua) stocking in the Atlantic had not led to any significant increases in cod production or catches. A review paper by Brown and Laland (2001) provided evidence that hatchery-reared fish have lower survival rates and provide lower returns to anglers than wild fish. They also noted the diff ...
Ecosystem perspective on changes and anomalies
... habitat degradation (DFO 2012). However, there has been little consideration given towards threats that could arise from climate mediated changes to the ecosystem, which can profoundly modify habitat, and can be particularly important when dealing with populations at the limit of their distribution ...
... habitat degradation (DFO 2012). However, there has been little consideration given towards threats that could arise from climate mediated changes to the ecosystem, which can profoundly modify habitat, and can be particularly important when dealing with populations at the limit of their distribution ...
Theory meets reality: How habitat fragmentation research has
... relatively often. If extinction and colonization are largely governed by fragment size and isolation, respectively, then big, isolated fragments should have slower species turnover than do small, weakly isolated fragments. Demonstrating such relationships is a litmus test for IBT (Gilbert, 1980; Abb ...
... relatively often. If extinction and colonization are largely governed by fragment size and isolation, respectively, then big, isolated fragments should have slower species turnover than do small, weakly isolated fragments. Demonstrating such relationships is a litmus test for IBT (Gilbert, 1980; Abb ...
Escaped Farmed Salmon: A Threat to BC`s Wild Salmon?
... The BC aquaculture industry is regulated and monitored. For example, the reporting of escape incidences (including those that are only suspected) is mandatory, within 24 hours of discovery. In a 2004 publication, the provincial Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries and Ministry of Water, Land ...
... The BC aquaculture industry is regulated and monitored. For example, the reporting of escape incidences (including those that are only suspected) is mandatory, within 24 hours of discovery. In a 2004 publication, the provincial Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries and Ministry of Water, Land ...
NUTRIENT LIMITATION IN THE SEA: DYNAMICS, IDENTIFICATION
... Their diagram for the flow of nitrogen in the euphotic zone (Fig. 1) designates transport rates by p’s with subscripts indicating the direction of flow from one compartment to another, after the terminology of Sheppard ( 1962). For example, PI4 is the rate of nitrogen transport [weight or atoms of N ...
... Their diagram for the flow of nitrogen in the euphotic zone (Fig. 1) designates transport rates by p’s with subscripts indicating the direction of flow from one compartment to another, after the terminology of Sheppard ( 1962). For example, PI4 is the rate of nitrogen transport [weight or atoms of N ...
Ecological links between salmon, large carnivore predation, and
... eat salmon (Willson et al. 1998). The most abundant but least studied of the salmon scavenging birds are gulls (Christie and Reimchen 2005). They may especially rely on this food source as several species eat salmon during their southward migration, an energetically taxing endeavour that requires su ...
... eat salmon (Willson et al. 1998). The most abundant but least studied of the salmon scavenging birds are gulls (Christie and Reimchen 2005). They may especially rely on this food source as several species eat salmon during their southward migration, an energetically taxing endeavour that requires su ...
ommunications - Department of Biological Sciences
... information to detect pumpkinseed sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus) predators (Turner 1996). Pumpkinseed sunfish are specialized molluscivores, and pulmonate snails typically respond to pumpkinseed cues by moving into safer microhabitats such as under substrates or to the water’s surface (Turner 1996, Turner ...
... information to detect pumpkinseed sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus) predators (Turner 1996). Pumpkinseed sunfish are specialized molluscivores, and pulmonate snails typically respond to pumpkinseed cues by moving into safer microhabitats such as under substrates or to the water’s surface (Turner 1996, Turner ...
The ecology of vertebrate pests and integrated pest management
... them to be constantly gnawing to lceep the incisors at an appropriate length and position. Alderton (1996)has written a fascinating account of this group of mammals and the love-hate relationship that has always existed, and presumably always will, between rodents and humans. Rodents are laown for t ...
... them to be constantly gnawing to lceep the incisors at an appropriate length and position. Alderton (1996)has written a fascinating account of this group of mammals and the love-hate relationship that has always existed, and presumably always will, between rodents and humans. Rodents are laown for t ...
FISHERIES DIVISION
... Pike are also believed to have other competitive advantages, such as a higher food conversion efficiency rate and a more rapid population turnover rate, however, these have not been clearly demonstrated. ...
... Pike are also believed to have other competitive advantages, such as a higher food conversion efficiency rate and a more rapid population turnover rate, however, these have not been clearly demonstrated. ...
Evaluating MPA effectiveness
... Hastings and Botsford 1999, Sladek Nowlis and Roberts 1999). In addition, it is necessary to measure demographic rates (mortality schedules in particular), within and outside MPA’s and ascertain the target levels of fishing mortality that can be compensated for by protected areas. It is also necessa ...
... Hastings and Botsford 1999, Sladek Nowlis and Roberts 1999). In addition, it is necessary to measure demographic rates (mortality schedules in particular), within and outside MPA’s and ascertain the target levels of fishing mortality that can be compensated for by protected areas. It is also necessa ...
This is an electronic reprint of the original article. This reprint may
... of the fish host, Perca fluviatilis L. (Faltýnková et al. 2009). If any of the hosts—the bird, the snail or the fish—should either increase or decrease in abundance due to environmental changes, this would impinge on the transmission of the parasite and consequently on its abundance in the hosts. ...
... of the fish host, Perca fluviatilis L. (Faltýnková et al. 2009). If any of the hosts—the bird, the snail or the fish—should either increase or decrease in abundance due to environmental changes, this would impinge on the transmission of the parasite and consequently on its abundance in the hosts. ...
Overexploitation
Overexploitation, also called overharvesting, refers to harvesting a renewable resource to the point of diminishing returns. Sustained overexploitation can lead to the destruction of the resource. The term applies to natural resources such as: wild medicinal plants, grazing pastures, game animals, fish stocks, forests, and water aquifers.In ecology, overexploitation describes one of the five main activities threatening global biodiversity. Ecologists use the term to describe populations that are harvested at a rate that is unsustainable, given their natural rates of mortality and capacities for reproduction. This can result in extinction at the population level and even extinction of whole species. In conservation biology the term is usually used in the context of human economic activity that involves the taking of biological resources, or organisms, in larger numbers than their populations can withstand. The term is also used and defined somewhat differently in fisheries, hydrology and natural resource management.Overexploitation can lead to resource destruction, including extinctions. However it is also possible for overexploitation to be sustainable, as discussed below in the section on fisheries. In the context of fishing, the term overfishing can be used instead of overexploitation, as can overgrazing in stock management, overlogging in forest management, overdrafting in aquifer management, and endangered species in species monitoring. Overexploitation is not an activity limited to humans. Introduced predators and herbivores, for example, can overexploit native flora and fauna.