Energetic Algae (`EnAlgae`)
... of species with different biomass composition. Wild harvest of seaweeds can be seen as a “selfregulated” system. In Ireland, mainly older people, who traditionally used wild harvested seaweeds as fertilizer, collect wild grown kelp and sell it to internationally operating food companies to increase ...
... of species with different biomass composition. Wild harvest of seaweeds can be seen as a “selfregulated” system. In Ireland, mainly older people, who traditionally used wild harvested seaweeds as fertilizer, collect wild grown kelp and sell it to internationally operating food companies to increase ...
Ecological role of large benthic decapods in marine ecosystems: a
... the Jonah crab Cancer borealis and green crab Carcinus maenas. The green crab is the smallest decapod described here, reaching a maximum CW of 9 to 10 cm (Klassen & Locke 2007). Originally native to Europe it was introduced to eastern North America in the 19th century (Grosholz & Ruiz 1996) and has ...
... the Jonah crab Cancer borealis and green crab Carcinus maenas. The green crab is the smallest decapod described here, reaching a maximum CW of 9 to 10 cm (Klassen & Locke 2007). Originally native to Europe it was introduced to eastern North America in the 19th century (Grosholz & Ruiz 1996) and has ...
Main prey and predators of Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus L.) in
... removed a functional group, large piscivorous fish, which has not recovered ten years after the cessation of heavy fishing. This has left only marine mammals as top predators during the mid1990s, although small Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) became important predators in the northe ...
... removed a functional group, large piscivorous fish, which has not recovered ten years after the cessation of heavy fishing. This has left only marine mammals as top predators during the mid1990s, although small Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) became important predators in the northe ...
Governance for Responsible Fisheries: an Ecosystem
... sustainable production of human benefits, which are distributed ‘fairly’, without causing unacceptable changes in marine ecosystems. Governance is broader than fisheries management. It consists of formal and informal rules, and understandings or norms that influence behaviour. Responsible fisheries ...
... sustainable production of human benefits, which are distributed ‘fairly’, without causing unacceptable changes in marine ecosystems. Governance is broader than fisheries management. It consists of formal and informal rules, and understandings or norms that influence behaviour. Responsible fisheries ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
... ■ Abstract We review the evidence of regime shifts in terrestrial and aquatic environments in relation to resilience of complex adaptive ecosystems and the functional roles of biological diversity in this context. The evidence reveals that the likelihood of regime shifts may increase when humans red ...
... ■ Abstract We review the evidence of regime shifts in terrestrial and aquatic environments in relation to resilience of complex adaptive ecosystems and the functional roles of biological diversity in this context. The evidence reveals that the likelihood of regime shifts may increase when humans red ...
REGIME SHIFTS, RESILIENCE, AND BIODIVERSITY IN
... ■ Abstract We review the evidence of regime shifts in terrestrial and aquatic environments in relation to resilience of complex adaptive ecosystems and the functional roles of biological diversity in this context. The evidence reveals that the likelihood of regime shifts may increase when humans red ...
... ■ Abstract We review the evidence of regime shifts in terrestrial and aquatic environments in relation to resilience of complex adaptive ecosystems and the functional roles of biological diversity in this context. The evidence reveals that the likelihood of regime shifts may increase when humans red ...
Is the change in distribution and abundance of blue whales related
... been protected globally since 1966, it appears that very low calving and recruitment rates have produced very limited natural population increases. Blue whales usually undertake long seasonal migration from high latitudinal summer feeding grounds to southern areas in winter. Specialist feeders, they ...
... been protected globally since 1966, it appears that very low calving and recruitment rates have produced very limited natural population increases. Blue whales usually undertake long seasonal migration from high latitudinal summer feeding grounds to southern areas in winter. Specialist feeders, they ...
Community and foodweb ecology of freshwater mussels
... changes in species composition and species interactions will affect ecosystem function. Here, we review what is known about the feeding behavior and diet of unionoid mussels and how feeding behavior and diet at the community level are related to ecosystem services that affect the rest of the food we ...
... changes in species composition and species interactions will affect ecosystem function. Here, we review what is known about the feeding behavior and diet of unionoid mussels and how feeding behavior and diet at the community level are related to ecosystem services that affect the rest of the food we ...
part 3 - Namibia University of Science and Technology
... from tourists) of around N$30 million per year covers all these benefits (Richardson in Barnard, 1998). One benefit that is particularly important for this economic assessment is the role of parks as a crucial magnet for both wildlife and tourists. Internationally, the worldfamous Etosha National Pa ...
... from tourists) of around N$30 million per year covers all these benefits (Richardson in Barnard, 1998). One benefit that is particularly important for this economic assessment is the role of parks as a crucial magnet for both wildlife and tourists. Internationally, the worldfamous Etosha National Pa ...
Field Guide to Aquatic Invasive Species
... mats covering large surface areas of water1. It is capable of reducing light intensity as much as 90% as well as reducing photosynthesis and more than 50% of oxygen concentrations in water7. Altering habitat in these ways is likely to effect the growth of other plants in the water column requiring s ...
... mats covering large surface areas of water1. It is capable of reducing light intensity as much as 90% as well as reducing photosynthesis and more than 50% of oxygen concentrations in water7. Altering habitat in these ways is likely to effect the growth of other plants in the water column requiring s ...
Diversity meets decomposition
... Exotic invertebrates can reduce native detritivore diversity directly (e.g. invasive flatworms, Arthurdendyus triangulate, prey on native earthworms in the U.K.) or indirectly (e.g. exotic earthworms invade forests in North and South America where they can reduce the diversity of other detritivores ...
... Exotic invertebrates can reduce native detritivore diversity directly (e.g. invasive flatworms, Arthurdendyus triangulate, prey on native earthworms in the U.K.) or indirectly (e.g. exotic earthworms invade forests in North and South America where they can reduce the diversity of other detritivores ...
Cytologist_an_endgered_species-BAC_13-09
... • Bill Gates drops out of Harvard and start a company… – By then he had exceeded 10,000 hours of computer programming in previous 7 years ...
... • Bill Gates drops out of Harvard and start a company… – By then he had exceeded 10,000 hours of computer programming in previous 7 years ...
Fifth National Report to the Convention on Biological Diversity Sweden
... Skagerrak, Kattegat, Baltic Sea proper and the Gulf of Bothnia, seas whose salinity decreases with distance from the North Sea (between 25 and 30‰ for the Skagerrak down to less than 3‰ for the far north of the Bothnian Bay). With about 50 000 species of plants, fungi and animals, Sweden is relative ...
... Skagerrak, Kattegat, Baltic Sea proper and the Gulf of Bothnia, seas whose salinity decreases with distance from the North Sea (between 25 and 30‰ for the Skagerrak down to less than 3‰ for the far north of the Bothnian Bay). With about 50 000 species of plants, fungi and animals, Sweden is relative ...
Daphnia as keystone predators - Orlando Sarnelle
... phase in eutrophic lakes is somewhat paradoxical in that the phytoplankton assemblage is often dominated by cryptophytes (Sommer, 1985, 1987; Lampert et al., 1986), which are among the most vulnerable taxa with respect to Daphnia grazing (Porter, 1977; Sterner, 1989). Paradoxical dominance by crypto ...
... phase in eutrophic lakes is somewhat paradoxical in that the phytoplankton assemblage is often dominated by cryptophytes (Sommer, 1985, 1987; Lampert et al., 1986), which are among the most vulnerable taxa with respect to Daphnia grazing (Porter, 1977; Sterner, 1989). Paradoxical dominance by crypto ...
enhancing biodiversity hotspots along western
... to the vast scale of the area, and high costs of management, current management of the stock routes is highly fragmented. Additionally, a low appreciation of the multiple assets of the SRN has limited the willingness of managers to protect their values. It is not possible to manage this entire netwo ...
... to the vast scale of the area, and high costs of management, current management of the stock routes is highly fragmented. Additionally, a low appreciation of the multiple assets of the SRN has limited the willingness of managers to protect their values. It is not possible to manage this entire netwo ...
- Centre for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling
... MacArthur et al. 1972). A large number of papers have examined this phenomenon (summarized by Faeth 1984, Wright 1980), and have sought to explain why in some cases aggregate densities were lower (density undercompensation) or higher (density overcompensation) on islands when compared with equivalen ...
... MacArthur et al. 1972). A large number of papers have examined this phenomenon (summarized by Faeth 1984, Wright 1980), and have sought to explain why in some cases aggregate densities were lower (density undercompensation) or higher (density overcompensation) on islands when compared with equivalen ...
First results from an experiment excluding three sizes classes of
... large) on nine functional groups of plants in the low arctic tundra of the Yamal Peninsula (Russia). Herbivore faeces counts in the exclosures and pictures from automatic cameras proved that the experimental setup worked. The majority of plant groups did not respond to exclusion of herbivores, suppo ...
... large) on nine functional groups of plants in the low arctic tundra of the Yamal Peninsula (Russia). Herbivore faeces counts in the exclosures and pictures from automatic cameras proved that the experimental setup worked. The majority of plant groups did not respond to exclusion of herbivores, suppo ...
Volume 8, Fall 2009 - Stanford University
... virtual reality. The increasing number of subscriptions means the creation of more three-dimensional avatars, or a computer user’s alter ego in the virtual world. This popularity of avatars calls for better character animation, including body language animation. Sergey Levin is answering this call. ...
... virtual reality. The increasing number of subscriptions means the creation of more three-dimensional avatars, or a computer user’s alter ego in the virtual world. This popularity of avatars calls for better character animation, including body language animation. Sergey Levin is answering this call. ...
ppt
... species to extinction. - we facilitate the population growth of other species at every trophic level: - crops (primary producers) - livestock (herbivores) - pets (predators) 2. Ecology describes our population growth - As a consequence of these interactions, our population has increased 7x in 150 ...
... species to extinction. - we facilitate the population growth of other species at every trophic level: - crops (primary producers) - livestock (herbivores) - pets (predators) 2. Ecology describes our population growth - As a consequence of these interactions, our population has increased 7x in 150 ...
Introduction
... classes [10]；in the subtropical humid monsoon zone of dolomite Karst in Shibing, the plant flora has the characteristics of both temperate, tropical and subtropical flora, and there are 1352 kinds of higher plants; Fauna are mainly characterized by terrestrial vertebrates with a total number of 298 ...
... classes [10]；in the subtropical humid monsoon zone of dolomite Karst in Shibing, the plant flora has the characteristics of both temperate, tropical and subtropical flora, and there are 1352 kinds of higher plants; Fauna are mainly characterized by terrestrial vertebrates with a total number of 298 ...
Download, PDF, 2.2 mb - Water`s Journey: Everglades
... coastal ecosystems diverse and rich. While you don’t commonly find large organisms here (though there are some), these ecosystems provide a haven for juveniles of open-ocean species. You may remember from Chapter 5 that mangrove swamps contribute to the health of coral reefs in this way. Human activ ...
... coastal ecosystems diverse and rich. While you don’t commonly find large organisms here (though there are some), these ecosystems provide a haven for juveniles of open-ocean species. You may remember from Chapter 5 that mangrove swamps contribute to the health of coral reefs in this way. Human activ ...
BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEM SERVICES OF WETLANDS
... have not yet developed; (4) areas without soils but with hydrophytes such as the seaweedcovered portion of rocky shores; and (5) wetlands without soil and without hydrophytes, such as gravel beaches or rocky shores without vegetation. The definition was further clarified by setting the boundary of w ...
... have not yet developed; (4) areas without soils but with hydrophytes such as the seaweedcovered portion of rocky shores; and (5) wetlands without soil and without hydrophytes, such as gravel beaches or rocky shores without vegetation. The definition was further clarified by setting the boundary of w ...
Benthic amphipod community in the northern
... Therefore, the larger ampeliscids, which are actually dominant, must not only live in a highly productive environment, they must also have a lower mortality rate than smaller ampeliscids. One advantage of larger size is the ability to defend limiting resources against smaller competitors. Competitiv ...
... Therefore, the larger ampeliscids, which are actually dominant, must not only live in a highly productive environment, they must also have a lower mortality rate than smaller ampeliscids. One advantage of larger size is the ability to defend limiting resources against smaller competitors. Competitiv ...
Overexploitation
Overexploitation, also called overharvesting, refers to harvesting a renewable resource to the point of diminishing returns. Sustained overexploitation can lead to the destruction of the resource. The term applies to natural resources such as: wild medicinal plants, grazing pastures, game animals, fish stocks, forests, and water aquifers.In ecology, overexploitation describes one of the five main activities threatening global biodiversity. Ecologists use the term to describe populations that are harvested at a rate that is unsustainable, given their natural rates of mortality and capacities for reproduction. This can result in extinction at the population level and even extinction of whole species. In conservation biology the term is usually used in the context of human economic activity that involves the taking of biological resources, or organisms, in larger numbers than their populations can withstand. The term is also used and defined somewhat differently in fisheries, hydrology and natural resource management.Overexploitation can lead to resource destruction, including extinctions. However it is also possible for overexploitation to be sustainable, as discussed below in the section on fisheries. In the context of fishing, the term overfishing can be used instead of overexploitation, as can overgrazing in stock management, overlogging in forest management, overdrafting in aquifer management, and endangered species in species monitoring. Overexploitation is not an activity limited to humans. Introduced predators and herbivores, for example, can overexploit native flora and fauna.