Progress in Physical Geography
... one of the major public concerns (Soon and Baliunas, 2003) and, with this, there is the potential redistribution of surface water resources on the earth (Waggoner, 1990). Since 1900, temperatures in the western USA have risen by 1–3°C (US Global Change Research Program, 2001). The region has general ...
... one of the major public concerns (Soon and Baliunas, 2003) and, with this, there is the potential redistribution of surface water resources on the earth (Waggoner, 1990). Since 1900, temperatures in the western USA have risen by 1–3°C (US Global Change Research Program, 2001). The region has general ...
Modeling the Links between Biodiversity, Ecosystem Services and
... 2010). However, numerical analysis of the links between biodiversity and human well-being remains crude in the literature due to the complex non-linear relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning and services. In this regards, only two studies have attracted our particular attention, ...
... 2010). However, numerical analysis of the links between biodiversity and human well-being remains crude in the literature due to the complex non-linear relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning and services. In this regards, only two studies have attracted our particular attention, ...
The Representation of Arctic Soils in the Land Surface Model: The
... (67% in July) and moisture (15% in July). Mosses were also more effective contributors to total latent heating than was a bare loam surface. These results suggest that the addition of moss and the ability to prescribe different soil textures for different soil layers result in a more plausible distr ...
... (67% in July) and moisture (15% in July). Mosses were also more effective contributors to total latent heating than was a bare loam surface. These results suggest that the addition of moss and the ability to prescribe different soil textures for different soil layers result in a more plausible distr ...
No Slide Title
... normal proportion of total annual precipitation from 1-day extreme events (more than 2 inches or 50.8mm) ...
... normal proportion of total annual precipitation from 1-day extreme events (more than 2 inches or 50.8mm) ...
Global warming in the American mind
... warming, strong bipartisan support for international treaties and national mitigation policies, and strong opposition to higher energy or gasoline prices to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Relatively few Americans have undertaken individual mitigation behaviors. While global warming does have negat ...
... warming, strong bipartisan support for international treaties and national mitigation policies, and strong opposition to higher energy or gasoline prices to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Relatively few Americans have undertaken individual mitigation behaviors. While global warming does have negat ...
PDF - World Agroforestry Centre
... projected to increase by as much as 39 mm to 48 mm on average. The Indus River Basin, already fairly arid with 465 mm/yr on average under current conditions, is projected to slightly increase by between 8 mm and 23 mm, whereas the already very wet Meghna River Basin (2 897 mm/yr on average) increase ...
... projected to increase by as much as 39 mm to 48 mm on average. The Indus River Basin, already fairly arid with 465 mm/yr on average under current conditions, is projected to slightly increase by between 8 mm and 23 mm, whereas the already very wet Meghna River Basin (2 897 mm/yr on average) increase ...
Chapter 4 Climate change and its implications for catastrophe
... years. It is suggested that a correlation exists between warmer periods and heightened hurricane activity (Goldenberg et al. ,Science, 2001). As a warm phase is reached, then warmer SSTs, reduced vertical wind shear over the Atlantic and an African Easterly Jet (AEJ) are all conducive to tropical cy ...
... years. It is suggested that a correlation exists between warmer periods and heightened hurricane activity (Goldenberg et al. ,Science, 2001). As a warm phase is reached, then warmer SSTs, reduced vertical wind shear over the Atlantic and an African Easterly Jet (AEJ) are all conducive to tropical cy ...
ECOsCIENCE
... year-1) and four levels of shading (0, 53, 72 and 83%). Each treatment was replicated three times, and replicates were arranged in a randomized block design. The fertilizer (ammonium nitrate, dissolved in 2 L of water per plot) was applied in rain on five occasions during the growing seasons of 1999 ...
... year-1) and four levels of shading (0, 53, 72 and 83%). Each treatment was replicated three times, and replicates were arranged in a randomized block design. The fertilizer (ammonium nitrate, dissolved in 2 L of water per plot) was applied in rain on five occasions during the growing seasons of 1999 ...
Quantifying Vulnerability to Climate Change: Implications for
... Arabian Sea.5 The current year is tied with 1998 as the warmest on record, 6 with a notable surge of extremely damaging weather in Pakistan,7 Russia,8 China9 and elsewhere. Individual weather events can easily be ascribed to natural variation, so credible inferences about climate change require test ...
... Arabian Sea.5 The current year is tied with 1998 as the warmest on record, 6 with a notable surge of extremely damaging weather in Pakistan,7 Russia,8 China9 and elsewhere. Individual weather events can easily be ascribed to natural variation, so credible inferences about climate change require test ...
Swedish Marine Sciences Conference
... To what extent can existing research help forecast climate change impacts on biodiversity? It is broadly accepted that continued global warming will pose a major threat on biodiversity in the 21 st century. But how reliable are current forecasts regarding consequences of future climate change? We re ...
... To what extent can existing research help forecast climate change impacts on biodiversity? It is broadly accepted that continued global warming will pose a major threat on biodiversity in the 21 st century. But how reliable are current forecasts regarding consequences of future climate change? We re ...
Chapter 4 Hydrology and water resources
... climatic conditions. In addition, when regional climatic forecasts are available, possible runoff changes in different hydroclimatic environments may be simulated for water planning and management. Perhaps the most comprehensive assessment of the effect of climate change on water resources was a rec ...
... climatic conditions. In addition, when regional climatic forecasts are available, possible runoff changes in different hydroclimatic environments may be simulated for water planning and management. Perhaps the most comprehensive assessment of the effect of climate change on water resources was a rec ...
Modeling dynamics of tundra plant communities on the Yamal
... the different subzones. Initial vegetation responses to climate change during transient warming are different from the long term equilibrium responses due to shifts in the controlling mechanisms (nutrient limitation versus competition) within tundra plant communities. Keywords: tundra plant communit ...
... the different subzones. Initial vegetation responses to climate change during transient warming are different from the long term equilibrium responses due to shifts in the controlling mechanisms (nutrient limitation versus competition) within tundra plant communities. Keywords: tundra plant communit ...
PDF
... one needs to consider the completeness of that estimate. Damage cost estimates are incomplete. There are reasons to assume that some of the omitted impacts are substantial and negative, but other omitted impacts may be positive. This paper does not argue “we don’t know and therefore …”. Rather, it ...
... one needs to consider the completeness of that estimate. Damage cost estimates are incomplete. There are reasons to assume that some of the omitted impacts are substantial and negative, but other omitted impacts may be positive. This paper does not argue “we don’t know and therefore …”. Rather, it ...
Item 9 Climate and Greenhouse Gases Baseline Report
... assessment (EA) due to their intrinsic importance to climate change as a regional and international issue. Climate change is defined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) as “the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g., using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/ ...
... assessment (EA) due to their intrinsic importance to climate change as a regional and international issue. Climate change is defined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) as “the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g., using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/ ...
Impact of climate change on the dairy industry in temperate zones
... et al., 1990) regions have changed noticeably over the past several decades, and are characterized by more extreme events and seasonal changes such as, warmer summers and wetter and longer rainy season. It is widely predicted that warming will continue for centuries and will be associated in central ...
... et al., 1990) regions have changed noticeably over the past several decades, and are characterized by more extreme events and seasonal changes such as, warmer summers and wetter and longer rainy season. It is widely predicted that warming will continue for centuries and will be associated in central ...
REDD+ Mechanism_Overview
... Forest conservation, restoration and reforestation can help mitigate climate change by reducing emissions and increasing CO2 uptake ...
... Forest conservation, restoration and reforestation can help mitigate climate change by reducing emissions and increasing CO2 uptake ...
Air-mass Origin in the Arctic. Part II: Response to Increases in
... 2006; IPCC 2013). Still more changes are expected to occur in future decades, with comprehensive climate models projecting that Arctic surface air temperatures will warm by about 58C by the end of the twenty-first century—faster than any other region on Earth (IPCC 2013)—and that there will be a com ...
... 2006; IPCC 2013). Still more changes are expected to occur in future decades, with comprehensive climate models projecting that Arctic surface air temperatures will warm by about 58C by the end of the twenty-first century—faster than any other region on Earth (IPCC 2013)—and that there will be a com ...
BGAN HDR in broadcast first from Antarctica
... This map depicts Inmarsat’s expectations of coverage following the commercial introduction of Inmarsat’s fourth L-band region, scheduled for the end of 2015. It does not represent a guarantee of service. The availability of service at the edge of coverage areas fluctuates depending on various condit ...
... This map depicts Inmarsat’s expectations of coverage following the commercial introduction of Inmarsat’s fourth L-band region, scheduled for the end of 2015. It does not represent a guarantee of service. The availability of service at the edge of coverage areas fluctuates depending on various condit ...
Public views on climate change: European and USA Perspectives
... in this same study (i.e. BSE, genetically-modified food, crime, nuclear power, smoking and radiation from mobile phones), climate change bears more connotations of worry and concern. Zwick (2002) found it difficult to explain this discrepancy, given the paucity of media coverage of the issue precedi ...
... in this same study (i.e. BSE, genetically-modified food, crime, nuclear power, smoking and radiation from mobile phones), climate change bears more connotations of worry and concern. Zwick (2002) found it difficult to explain this discrepancy, given the paucity of media coverage of the issue precedi ...
General Knowledge About Climate Change, Factors Influencing
... absolute value of personal risk perception does not play a role, but rather its intra-sample variation and the dependence of the variation on other variables. We do not expect that these interdependencies vary considerably between different regions within Germany. Besides, all presented results of s ...
... absolute value of personal risk perception does not play a role, but rather its intra-sample variation and the dependence of the variation on other variables. We do not expect that these interdependencies vary considerably between different regions within Germany. Besides, all presented results of s ...
17 - UTSA
... the potential to provide short- to medium-term forecasts of water availability in these catchments. The previous studies of applying the SRM to mountainous river catchments of Himalaya and other regions of the world suggest that the model can efficiently be applied in the snow- and glacier-fed Hunza ...
... the potential to provide short- to medium-term forecasts of water availability in these catchments. The previous studies of applying the SRM to mountainous river catchments of Himalaya and other regions of the world suggest that the model can efficiently be applied in the snow- and glacier-fed Hunza ...
North Pacific Climate Response to Freshwater Forcing in the
... and Global Dynamics Division, National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307. E-mail: [email protected] DOI: 10.1175/2008JCLI2511.1 Ó 2009 American Meteorological Society ...
... and Global Dynamics Division, National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307. E-mail: [email protected] DOI: 10.1175/2008JCLI2511.1 Ó 2009 American Meteorological Society ...
Atmospheric Moisture Residence Times and Cycling: Implications
... soil moisture sensitivity in two climate models depends on their differing control climate simulations. Another important aspect (not the subject of this paper but briefly discussed for completeness) is the role of atmospheric circulation changes. Changes in natural modes of the atmospheric circulat ...
... soil moisture sensitivity in two climate models depends on their differing control climate simulations. Another important aspect (not the subject of this paper but briefly discussed for completeness) is the role of atmospheric circulation changes. Changes in natural modes of the atmospheric circulat ...
PDF
... (typically a conventional reference ellipsoid); it is obtained by the difference between the altitude of the satellite above the reference (deduced from precise orbitography) and the range measurement. The estimated sea-surface height requires correction for various factors due to atmospheric delay ...
... (typically a conventional reference ellipsoid); it is obtained by the difference between the altitude of the satellite above the reference (deduced from precise orbitography) and the range measurement. The estimated sea-surface height requires correction for various factors due to atmospheric delay ...
Instrumental temperature record
The instrumental temperature record shows fluctuations of the temperature of earth's climate system. Initially the instrumental temperature record only documented land and sea surface temperature, but in recent decades instruments have also begun recording ocean temperature. Data is collected from thousands of meteorological stations around the globe and through satellite observations. The longest-running temperature record is the Central England temperature data series, that starts in 1659. The longest-running quasi-global record starts in 1850.