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... This paper contributes to the literature on the interlinkages between adaptation, mitigation, and precautionary abatement by developing a modelling framework that integrates mitigation, adaptation, and catastrophic climate change risk into a macroeconomic, hybrid IAM. We assume that countries do not ...
... This paper contributes to the literature on the interlinkages between adaptation, mitigation, and precautionary abatement by developing a modelling framework that integrates mitigation, adaptation, and catastrophic climate change risk into a macroeconomic, hybrid IAM. We assume that countries do not ...
Defining the limits of physiological plasticity: how gene expression
... modest increases in temperature stemming from global warming [29]. The Antarctic bivalve Limopsis marionensis (Smith) displays an upper critical temperature (beyond which mortality occurs) of approximately 28C, suggesting this species could perish with warming of only 1 – 28C above current Antarctic ...
... modest increases in temperature stemming from global warming [29]. The Antarctic bivalve Limopsis marionensis (Smith) displays an upper critical temperature (beyond which mortality occurs) of approximately 28C, suggesting this species could perish with warming of only 1 – 28C above current Antarctic ...
... serious discussion harder. For several reasons the potentially infinite impacts of the challenges in this report are not as well known as they should be. One reason is the way that extreme impacts are often masked by most of the theories and models used by governments and business today. Climate cha ...
Gary Yohe - Evaulating Adaptation Methods
... technological options (Determinant 1 in Table 1), operate on micro scales that are precisely location specific even if the complete set of possible remedies were larger. If one were concerned about flood control, for example, available adaptations would be determined by the local conditions of the r ...
... technological options (Determinant 1 in Table 1), operate on micro scales that are precisely location specific even if the complete set of possible remedies were larger. If one were concerned about flood control, for example, available adaptations would be determined by the local conditions of the r ...
Montane forest root growth and soil organic layer depth as potential
... restricted to the mycorrhizosphere, we classify it as other weathering. The field data were combined with a process-based weathering model to estimate a likely ~5.5-fold increase in biological weathering rates from the top of our elevation gradient to the bottom (not including CO2 fertilization which ...
... restricted to the mycorrhizosphere, we classify it as other weathering. The field data were combined with a process-based weathering model to estimate a likely ~5.5-fold increase in biological weathering rates from the top of our elevation gradient to the bottom (not including CO2 fertilization which ...
Climate Relicts: Past, Present, Future
... The potential impacts of current climate change on the distribution and conservation of biodiversity are the subject of global concern. One major consequence of rising temperatures is that many plant and animal species worldwide are moving toward higher elevations and latitudes in response to shifts ...
... The potential impacts of current climate change on the distribution and conservation of biodiversity are the subject of global concern. One major consequence of rising temperatures is that many plant and animal species worldwide are moving toward higher elevations and latitudes in response to shifts ...
p130-155 chp5eng - Arab Forum for Environment and
... The dominant agricultural system in Arab countries is rainfed agriculture, with the total irrigated area in the Arab world being less than 28 percent (FAO, 2008b). Therefore, annual agricultural productivity and food security are highly correlated to the annual variability of precipitation, which ha ...
... The dominant agricultural system in Arab countries is rainfed agriculture, with the total irrigated area in the Arab world being less than 28 percent (FAO, 2008b). Therefore, annual agricultural productivity and food security are highly correlated to the annual variability of precipitation, which ha ...
Trends in seasonal precipitation extremes
... spring rainfall does (unpublished work). Since the changes in short-duration extreme events do have the potential to indicate long-term seasonal climatic changes (Keim and Cruise, 1998), winter and autumn extremes are also examined here. Six separate gridded regions comprising of the whole state of ...
... spring rainfall does (unpublished work). Since the changes in short-duration extreme events do have the potential to indicate long-term seasonal climatic changes (Keim and Cruise, 1998), winter and autumn extremes are also examined here. Six separate gridded regions comprising of the whole state of ...
Mexico - Met Office
... to a particular country. Although time available for the project was short, generally all the material available to the researchers in the project was used, unless there were good scientific reasons for not doing so. For example, some impacts areas were omitted, such as many of those associated with ...
... to a particular country. Although time available for the project was short, generally all the material available to the researchers in the project was used, unless there were good scientific reasons for not doing so. For example, some impacts areas were omitted, such as many of those associated with ...
Regional: Glacial Melt and Downstream Impacts on Indus
... • Create awareness among policy and decision makers and the public of the crucial importance of adaptation to climate change to create a favorable environment for the implementation of strategies and policies. 8. Suggested way forward. Based on the preliminary results of the study, the stakeholders ...
... • Create awareness among policy and decision makers and the public of the crucial importance of adaptation to climate change to create a favorable environment for the implementation of strategies and policies. 8. Suggested way forward. Based on the preliminary results of the study, the stakeholders ...
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... arise because the unobservable capture might be correlated with the unobservable that influence the choice of the form of awareness (Yes or No) i.e. the correlation coefficients from equations (4) and (6) and equations (5) and (6) might not equal zero. The Heckman estimators described above are cons ...
... arise because the unobservable capture might be correlated with the unobservable that influence the choice of the form of awareness (Yes or No) i.e. the correlation coefficients from equations (4) and (6) and equations (5) and (6) might not equal zero. The Heckman estimators described above are cons ...
Geography
... the form of geographical questions. It gives students a deeper and critical understanding of the changing world and helps prepare them for the complexities in the 21st century. There are six topics in themes 1 and 2 of the syllabus. The heading for each of these topics is presented in the form of an ...
... the form of geographical questions. It gives students a deeper and critical understanding of the changing world and helps prepare them for the complexities in the 21st century. There are six topics in themes 1 and 2 of the syllabus. The heading for each of these topics is presented in the form of an ...
Rapid decline of the CO2 buffering capacity in the North Sea and
... Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research reanalysis and various satellite data products [Doney et al., 1998a, 2003, 2006]. Prior to 1958 the simulations are driven with a repeat annual cycle of physical forcing. The evolution of atmospheric CO2 with time from 182 ...
... Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research reanalysis and various satellite data products [Doney et al., 1998a, 2003, 2006]. Prior to 1958 the simulations are driven with a repeat annual cycle of physical forcing. The evolution of atmospheric CO2 with time from 182 ...
Climate change and human health : risks and responses. Summary
... land or water, in a particular region, usually spanning at least several years. Climate variability is the variation around the average climate, including seasonal variations and large-scale regional cycles in atmospheric and ocean circulations such as the El Niño/ Southern Oscillation (ENSO) or the ...
... land or water, in a particular region, usually spanning at least several years. Climate variability is the variation around the average climate, including seasonal variations and large-scale regional cycles in atmospheric and ocean circulations such as the El Niño/ Southern Oscillation (ENSO) or the ...
concluded
... ABSTRACT: There is a growing body of evidence supporting the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s contestation that changes to hydrological extremes as a result of anthropogenic climate change are likely. There is also a growing level of concern among water resource managers about the nature ...
... ABSTRACT: There is a growing body of evidence supporting the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s contestation that changes to hydrological extremes as a result of anthropogenic climate change are likely. There is also a growing level of concern among water resource managers about the nature ...
Climate Change Politics and Policy
... To do well in this course, it is essential that you write well and use the literature we’ve read as a foundation for your arguments. The guidelines below spell out the main evaluation criteria for writing, posting and participating in this class. Writing assignments, class participation and Blackboa ...
... To do well in this course, it is essential that you write well and use the literature we’ve read as a foundation for your arguments. The guidelines below spell out the main evaluation criteria for writing, posting and participating in this class. Writing assignments, class participation and Blackboa ...
Accommodating Climate Change Science
... than one hundred miles to the south, Yellowstone National Park smoldered in one of the most devastating forest fires of the twentieth century (Anon. 1988, A18; Stevens 1999, 129–130). But that was not the only thing about 1988 that was extraordinary: New York and Washington D.C. consistently saw the ...
... than one hundred miles to the south, Yellowstone National Park smoldered in one of the most devastating forest fires of the twentieth century (Anon. 1988, A18; Stevens 1999, 129–130). But that was not the only thing about 1988 that was extraordinary: New York and Washington D.C. consistently saw the ...
Climate Relicts: Past, Present, Future
... The potential impacts of current climate change on the distribution and conservation of biodiversity are the subject of global concern. One major consequence of rising temperatures is that many plant and animal species worldwide are moving toward higher elevations and latitudes in response to shifts ...
... The potential impacts of current climate change on the distribution and conservation of biodiversity are the subject of global concern. One major consequence of rising temperatures is that many plant and animal species worldwide are moving toward higher elevations and latitudes in response to shifts ...
Mixed Messages - National Center for Science Education
... are better insulated from ideology and rancor collective impact will require action by than social media or political forums. Schools institutions — small ones such as neighborhood are well-positioned to create a foundation of associations and local governments, and larger scientific understanding t ...
... are better insulated from ideology and rancor collective impact will require action by than social media or political forums. Schools institutions — small ones such as neighborhood are well-positioned to create a foundation of associations and local governments, and larger scientific understanding t ...
Climate change hits home
... Temperature changes are the primary marker of climate change, and they are also the key driver of changes in other natural systems such as sea levels and hydrologic cycles. However, global temperature rise is not expected to occur uniformly. There are two ways to predict future temperatures in any o ...
... Temperature changes are the primary marker of climate change, and they are also the key driver of changes in other natural systems such as sea levels and hydrologic cycles. However, global temperature rise is not expected to occur uniformly. There are two ways to predict future temperatures in any o ...
LOUISIANA AND THE SURGING SEA
... The Earth’s average temperature has warmed by more than one degree Fahrenheit over the last century, and scientists overwhelmingly agree that most or all of this warming comes from human influence (IPCC 2013). This influence comes mainly through the burning of fossil fuels and resulting accumulation ...
... The Earth’s average temperature has warmed by more than one degree Fahrenheit over the last century, and scientists overwhelmingly agree that most or all of this warming comes from human influence (IPCC 2013). This influence comes mainly through the burning of fossil fuels and resulting accumulation ...
how does the theologizing of physics contribute to - Philsci
... Like most scientific models or theories that are at the center of an active and growing research field worked in by thousands of scientists all over the world, global climate models have been criticized, adjusted, evaluated and refined throughout their 40 year history. While acknowledging both weakn ...
... Like most scientific models or theories that are at the center of an active and growing research field worked in by thousands of scientists all over the world, global climate models have been criticized, adjusted, evaluated and refined throughout their 40 year history. While acknowledging both weakn ...
potential effects of climate change on ecosystem and tree species
... subarctic ecosystems where the warming signal is strongest (Zhou et al. 2001, Bogaert et al. 2002, Lloyd et al. 2002, Lloyd and Fastie 2003). Over the past decade, British Columbia (498–608 latitude) has experienced a warming trend that approximately matches climate change predictions from general c ...
... subarctic ecosystems where the warming signal is strongest (Zhou et al. 2001, Bogaert et al. 2002, Lloyd et al. 2002, Lloyd and Fastie 2003). Over the past decade, British Columbia (498–608 latitude) has experienced a warming trend that approximately matches climate change predictions from general c ...
Extreme!Events!and!Climate!
... (1) Department of Environmental, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA Extreme precipitation in the Northeast US (NE) can have devastating impacts on health, economies and infrastructure due to flooding and significant snowfall. This research examines the na ...
... (1) Department of Environmental, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA Extreme precipitation in the Northeast US (NE) can have devastating impacts on health, economies and infrastructure due to flooding and significant snowfall. This research examines the na ...
Apocalypse Nicked! - Geoengineering Governance Research
... Talk of tipping points is now commonplace in climate science and policy. Concerns that prevailing linear models of climate change could be wrong were first voiced in the late 1980’s. Scientists started to warn that environmental changes would not be smooth, gradual events, but sudden “sharp jumps” ( ...
... Talk of tipping points is now commonplace in climate science and policy. Concerns that prevailing linear models of climate change could be wrong were first voiced in the late 1980’s. Scientists started to warn that environmental changes would not be smooth, gradual events, but sudden “sharp jumps” ( ...
Instrumental temperature record
The instrumental temperature record shows fluctuations of the temperature of earth's climate system. Initially the instrumental temperature record only documented land and sea surface temperature, but in recent decades instruments have also begun recording ocean temperature. Data is collected from thousands of meteorological stations around the globe and through satellite observations. The longest-running temperature record is the Central England temperature data series, that starts in 1659. The longest-running quasi-global record starts in 1850.