THE NEXUS OF CLIMATE CHANGE, LAND USE, AND CONFLICT
... AFRICA. The results from the previous session suggest that to adequately consider all the complex linkages of human–environment interactions in northern Africa, an integrative framework is needed to analyze and model the pathways between climate change, land use, and conflict. First of all, it is im ...
... AFRICA. The results from the previous session suggest that to adequately consider all the complex linkages of human–environment interactions in northern Africa, an integrative framework is needed to analyze and model the pathways between climate change, land use, and conflict. First of all, it is im ...
burning international bridges, fuelling global discontent
... Conventions on the Laws of War and the 1977 Geneva Protocols that amended them. He may in fact have been the only person to attend both these special negotiations that codified the modern laws of war. He was a member of the New Zealand delegation at the 1958 and 1960. Geneva Conferences on the Law o ...
... Conventions on the Laws of War and the 1977 Geneva Protocols that amended them. He may in fact have been the only person to attend both these special negotiations that codified the modern laws of war. He was a member of the New Zealand delegation at the 1958 and 1960. Geneva Conferences on the Law o ...
Assessing the Impacts of Climate Change on Urban Forests in the
... maps. These were daily data at 6 km (1/16 degree) resolution obtained from the University of Washington Climate Impacts Group (CIG) Columbia Basin Climate Change Scenarios Project (CBCCSP). CIG produced the dataset from primary data recorded by the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), Cooperative O ...
... maps. These were daily data at 6 km (1/16 degree) resolution obtained from the University of Washington Climate Impacts Group (CIG) Columbia Basin Climate Change Scenarios Project (CBCCSP). CIG produced the dataset from primary data recorded by the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), Cooperative O ...
The altitude-for-latitude disparity in the range retractions of woody
... restricted to relatively narrow and well-delineated altitudinal bands, in comparison with often broad and poorly defined latitudinal distributions in the lowlands. This strong altitudinal zonation of mountain vegetation, and its climatic sensitivity [13], makes mountains ideal ‘natural laboratories’ ...
... restricted to relatively narrow and well-delineated altitudinal bands, in comparison with often broad and poorly defined latitudinal distributions in the lowlands. This strong altitudinal zonation of mountain vegetation, and its climatic sensitivity [13], makes mountains ideal ‘natural laboratories’ ...
Contribution of oceanic and vegetation feedbacks to Holocene
... monsoonal influenced climates. For our purpose, we analyse a set of coupled numerical experiments, performed with the comprehensive Earth system model ECHAM5/JSBACH-MPIOM under present-day and mid-Holocene (6 k) orbital configurations (Otto et al., 2009b). The temperature change caused by the insola ...
... monsoonal influenced climates. For our purpose, we analyse a set of coupled numerical experiments, performed with the comprehensive Earth system model ECHAM5/JSBACH-MPIOM under present-day and mid-Holocene (6 k) orbital configurations (Otto et al., 2009b). The temperature change caused by the insola ...
Why recognising variability and scale matters for t
... new way to simulate dynamic process of coupled human-nature land system with a bottom-up perspective. It takes households as study objects, and emphasizes human’s subjective initiatives which can present dynamics and heterogeneities spatially and temporally, while traditional models cannot. Marginal ...
... new way to simulate dynamic process of coupled human-nature land system with a bottom-up perspective. It takes households as study objects, and emphasizes human’s subjective initiatives which can present dynamics and heterogeneities spatially and temporally, while traditional models cannot. Marginal ...
Altai Sayan Ecoregion
... tures increased insignificantly. On the other hand, the number of days with frosts in summer decreased, particularly in the second half of the century. In the Mongolian portion of the ecoregion the average air temperature increased in the last 60 years by approximately 1.5 OC. During the same time t ...
... tures increased insignificantly. On the other hand, the number of days with frosts in summer decreased, particularly in the second half of the century. In the Mongolian portion of the ecoregion the average air temperature increased in the last 60 years by approximately 1.5 OC. During the same time t ...
No Regrets Charter
... Why we need principles for climate change adaptation in cities The latest IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) world climate report emphasises the likelihood of global temperature increases in excess of two degrees. It states that sea levels are rising more rapidly than had previously b ...
... Why we need principles for climate change adaptation in cities The latest IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) world climate report emphasises the likelihood of global temperature increases in excess of two degrees. It states that sea levels are rising more rapidly than had previously b ...
Strengthening of the hydrological cycle in future scenarios
... with respect to the 1950–2000 historical period. On the other hand, the E1 precipitation does not follow the temperature field toward a stabilization path but continues to increase over the mitigation period. Quite unexpectedly, the mitigation scenario is shown to strengthen the hydrological cycle e ...
... with respect to the 1950–2000 historical period. On the other hand, the E1 precipitation does not follow the temperature field toward a stabilization path but continues to increase over the mitigation period. Quite unexpectedly, the mitigation scenario is shown to strengthen the hydrological cycle e ...
How to handle the issue of uncertainty in Local Climate Change
... Models : Our models are not good enough ...
... Models : Our models are not good enough ...
11Climate Change
... are the study of past climates, the measurement of current climatic changes, and the modelling and projection of f uture climate scenarios—all of which are discussed in the chapter ahead. We revisit some of the principles of the scientific method as we explore global climate change, and by doing so ...
... are the study of past climates, the measurement of current climatic changes, and the modelling and projection of f uture climate scenarios—all of which are discussed in the chapter ahead. We revisit some of the principles of the scientific method as we explore global climate change, and by doing so ...
PDF
... Basin are described, along with the relationship between precipitation, evaporation and runoff. Section 2 summarises the state-contingent model of land and water allocation in the Murray–Darling Basin developed by Adamson, Mallaawaarachchi and Quiggin (2007) and shows how climate change may be incor ...
... Basin are described, along with the relationship between precipitation, evaporation and runoff. Section 2 summarises the state-contingent model of land and water allocation in the Murray–Darling Basin developed by Adamson, Mallaawaarachchi and Quiggin (2007) and shows how climate change may be incor ...
Impacts of global warming on hydrological Introduction of multi-model ensembles and
... -Improving an regional climate model's capability. e.g., Tuning, Spectral nudging scheme. -Models were validated over river basins in Japan. Results simulated by the two models (MRI-NHM and improved NIED-RAMS) were relatively in good agreement with the observation. The NIED-RAMS’ bias of 2m air temp ...
... -Improving an regional climate model's capability. e.g., Tuning, Spectral nudging scheme. -Models were validated over river basins in Japan. Results simulated by the two models (MRI-NHM and improved NIED-RAMS) were relatively in good agreement with the observation. The NIED-RAMS’ bias of 2m air temp ...
Yemen
... 3. Red Sea and Tihama Plain: tropical, hot and humid climate, while rainfall averages only 130 mm annually and occurs in irregular, torrential storms. 4. Arabian sea cost: average temperature of 25°C in January and 32°C in June, with an average annual rainfall of 127 mm 5. Internal Plateau: characte ...
... 3. Red Sea and Tihama Plain: tropical, hot and humid climate, while rainfall averages only 130 mm annually and occurs in irregular, torrential storms. 4. Arabian sea cost: average temperature of 25°C in January and 32°C in June, with an average annual rainfall of 127 mm 5. Internal Plateau: characte ...
4.1 Climate Change Effects
... IPCC, 2007: Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M.Tignor and H.L. ...
... IPCC, 2007: Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M.Tignor and H.L. ...
Author`s personal copy - University of Alberta
... change. During the last 10,000 years, the Earth has experienced a period of unusual environmental stability compared to previous millennia, which exacerbates the uncertainties regarding what may happen in the near and distant future. Current global change is multidimensional by nature (Rockström et ...
... change. During the last 10,000 years, the Earth has experienced a period of unusual environmental stability compared to previous millennia, which exacerbates the uncertainties regarding what may happen in the near and distant future. Current global change is multidimensional by nature (Rockström et ...
Annex B. Glossary of Terms
... Mechanism projects undertaken in non-Annex I countries that limit or reduce greenhouse gas emissions, when certified by operational entities designated by Conference of the Parties/ Meeting of the Parties, can be accrued to the investor (government or industry) from Parties in Annex B. A share of th ...
... Mechanism projects undertaken in non-Annex I countries that limit or reduce greenhouse gas emissions, when certified by operational entities designated by Conference of the Parties/ Meeting of the Parties, can be accrued to the investor (government or industry) from Parties in Annex B. A share of th ...
lepidoptera larvae as an indicator of multi
... 1) A climate change experiment in which we accelerated snowmelt by 15 days through the use of radiation-absorbing fabric and warmed air and soil ...
... 1) A climate change experiment in which we accelerated snowmelt by 15 days through the use of radiation-absorbing fabric and warmed air and soil ...
EFFECTS OF RISING SEAWATER TEMPERATURE ON CORAL
... affected by shifts in currents and winds, driven by changing temperature gradients. As the tropical ocean warms, increased warm current heat transport is displaced poleward and increased evaporation results in increased humidity and rainfall. As the heat released when rain condenses drives further c ...
... affected by shifts in currents and winds, driven by changing temperature gradients. As the tropical ocean warms, increased warm current heat transport is displaced poleward and increased evaporation results in increased humidity and rainfall. As the heat released when rain condenses drives further c ...
Antarctic climate change and the environment: an update
... the atmosphere have ranged from ∼3000 ppm (parts per million) in the early Cretaceous 130 million years ago (Ma) to ∼1000 ppm in the late Cretaceous (at 70 Ma) and early Cainozoic (at 45 Ma), leading to global temperatures 6◦ or 7◦ C warmer than present. These high CO2 levels were products of Earth’ ...
... the atmosphere have ranged from ∼3000 ppm (parts per million) in the early Cretaceous 130 million years ago (Ma) to ∼1000 ppm in the late Cretaceous (at 70 Ma) and early Cainozoic (at 45 Ma), leading to global temperatures 6◦ or 7◦ C warmer than present. These high CO2 levels were products of Earth’ ...
AKEBE LEONARD AKOH INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUS- TAINABILITY.
... The impact of human activities on the environment and on climate change in particular are issues of growing concern confronting life on Earth and also Information and Communications Technology (ICT). Information Technology is one of the widest field of studies that exist, it ranges from creating sof ...
... The impact of human activities on the environment and on climate change in particular are issues of growing concern confronting life on Earth and also Information and Communications Technology (ICT). Information Technology is one of the widest field of studies that exist, it ranges from creating sof ...
Climate sensitivity, sea level and atmospheric carbon dioxide
... energy balance [1,2], is the human-made increase in atmospheric greenhouse gases (GHGs), especially CO2 from the burning of fossil fuels. Earth’s response to climate forcings is slowed by the inertia of the global ocean and the great ice sheets on Greenland and Antarctica, which require centuries, m ...
... energy balance [1,2], is the human-made increase in atmospheric greenhouse gases (GHGs), especially CO2 from the burning of fossil fuels. Earth’s response to climate forcings is slowed by the inertia of the global ocean and the great ice sheets on Greenland and Antarctica, which require centuries, m ...
Human Impacts on Climate: A Broader View than Reported in the IPCC
... ÎSince the climate forcing of CO2 is only one of a diverse set of first order human climate forcings, and global warming is only a subset of climate change (NRC, 2005; IGBP-BAHC, 2004), the current IPCC focus is an ineffective climate policy. ÎThe current IPCC focus is to use the focus on CO2 to pro ...
... ÎSince the climate forcing of CO2 is only one of a diverse set of first order human climate forcings, and global warming is only a subset of climate change (NRC, 2005; IGBP-BAHC, 2004), the current IPCC focus is an ineffective climate policy. ÎThe current IPCC focus is to use the focus on CO2 to pro ...
Can marine cloud brightening reduce coral bleaching?
... Increases in coral bleaching events over the last few decades have been largely caused by rising sea surface temperatures (SST), and continued warming is expected to cause even greater increases through this century. We use a Global Climate Model to examine the potential of marine cloud brightening ...
... Increases in coral bleaching events over the last few decades have been largely caused by rising sea surface temperatures (SST), and continued warming is expected to cause even greater increases through this century. We use a Global Climate Model to examine the potential of marine cloud brightening ...
Instrumental temperature record
The instrumental temperature record shows fluctuations of the temperature of earth's climate system. Initially the instrumental temperature record only documented land and sea surface temperature, but in recent decades instruments have also begun recording ocean temperature. Data is collected from thousands of meteorological stations around the globe and through satellite observations. The longest-running temperature record is the Central England temperature data series, that starts in 1659. The longest-running quasi-global record starts in 1850.