The Economics of Hurricanes in the United States
... On a global scale, the annual number of TCs over the 1970-2004 period averaged around 85. 3 It is unclear whether there are long-term trends or cycles in global TC frequency, which is not surprising given that reliable data are only available since the advent of satellite data in 1960. 4 Since the c ...
... On a global scale, the annual number of TCs over the 1970-2004 period averaged around 85. 3 It is unclear whether there are long-term trends or cycles in global TC frequency, which is not surprising given that reliable data are only available since the advent of satellite data in 1960. 4 Since the c ...
Increasing frequency of extreme El Niño events due to greenhouse
... good indicator of extreme El Niño25,26 , particularly because it is the anomalous convection and rainfall that in turn influence global weather. Rainfall is also an excellent measure for condensational heating of the atmosphere, thus providing an effective metric for large-scale atmospheric circulat ...
... good indicator of extreme El Niño25,26 , particularly because it is the anomalous convection and rainfall that in turn influence global weather. Rainfall is also an excellent measure for condensational heating of the atmosphere, thus providing an effective metric for large-scale atmospheric circulat ...
Climate change and journalistic norms: A case-study of US mass-media coverage V
... that human activities have contributed signiWcantly to global climate change. However, over time, the United States has refused to join concerted international eVorts – such as the Kyoto Protocol – to curb human activities contributing to climate change. US newspaper and television media constitute ...
... that human activities have contributed signiWcantly to global climate change. However, over time, the United States has refused to join concerted international eVorts – such as the Kyoto Protocol – to curb human activities contributing to climate change. US newspaper and television media constitute ...
Ch 18 Global Climate Change
... Synopsis of global climate change • In 2007, scientists from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) sifted through thousands of studies and published the Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) • The report concluded that warming of the climate is unequivocal • The atmosphere and oceans are wa ...
... Synopsis of global climate change • In 2007, scientists from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) sifted through thousands of studies and published the Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) • The report concluded that warming of the climate is unequivocal • The atmosphere and oceans are wa ...
18_Lecture_Presentation
... Synopsis of global climate change • In 2007, scientists from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) sifted through thousands of studies and published the Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) • The report concluded that warming of the climate is unequivocal • The atmosphere and oceans are wa ...
... Synopsis of global climate change • In 2007, scientists from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) sifted through thousands of studies and published the Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) • The report concluded that warming of the climate is unequivocal • The atmosphere and oceans are wa ...
Hydrologic modeling of an arctic tundra watershed: Toward Pan
... One approach to modeling the spatial distribution of soil moisture is to work with the details of the watershed topography by explicitly modeling the movement of water from the hillslopes to the valleys [Hinzman and Kane, 1992; Zhang et al., 1997]. However, while this may be satisfactory at the scal ...
... One approach to modeling the spatial distribution of soil moisture is to work with the details of the watershed topography by explicitly modeling the movement of water from the hillslopes to the valleys [Hinzman and Kane, 1992; Zhang et al., 1997]. However, while this may be satisfactory at the scal ...
`Global Climate Change`.
... National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) researchers reported that the 12 warmest years (globally averaged) since historical records have been kept occurred in the past two decades, with 1990 and 1998 among the warmest. At least some of this warming, they concluded, is human-induced. ...
... National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) researchers reported that the 12 warmest years (globally averaged) since historical records have been kept occurred in the past two decades, with 1990 and 1998 among the warmest. At least some of this warming, they concluded, is human-induced. ...
Addendum to Internal Document 336
... to inform risk analysis and that such files, unlike ones based on observed data, carry no copyright. ...
... to inform risk analysis and that such files, unlike ones based on observed data, carry no copyright. ...
Climate Change, Yosemite National Park, California
... change science into resource management in Yosemite National Park (N.P.), this report presents: (1) results of original spatial analyses of historical and projected climate change trends at 800 m spatial resolution, (2) results of a systematic scientific literature review of historical impacts, futu ...
... change science into resource management in Yosemite National Park (N.P.), this report presents: (1) results of original spatial analyses of historical and projected climate change trends at 800 m spatial resolution, (2) results of a systematic scientific literature review of historical impacts, futu ...
How limiting factors drive agricultural adaptation to
... on other agronomic and socio-economic limiting factors. For example, a farmer’s debt load may have a profound effect on their ability to implement irrigation, which may help them respond to water as a limiting factor. We hope that future work can assess the interaction of these potential factors and ...
... on other agronomic and socio-economic limiting factors. For example, a farmer’s debt load may have a profound effect on their ability to implement irrigation, which may help them respond to water as a limiting factor. We hope that future work can assess the interaction of these potential factors and ...
Austrian Climate Research Programme ACRP 7
... Transition to low carbon households: Catching rebound effects, market imperfections and policy interactions Governing community-based social innovation for climate change mitigation and adaptation Linking climate change mitigation, energy security and regional development in climate and energy model ...
... Transition to low carbon households: Catching rebound effects, market imperfections and policy interactions Governing community-based social innovation for climate change mitigation and adaptation Linking climate change mitigation, energy security and regional development in climate and energy model ...
Use of spatial analogy in analysis and valuation of climate scenarios
... Synthesis of the national and international literature about the spatial analogy methods and the effect of climate change. To develop the methodology of spatial analogy. Characterizing the analogue regions by the most used climate scenarios. And visualize them by GIS. The define the regions which cl ...
... Synthesis of the national and international literature about the spatial analogy methods and the effect of climate change. To develop the methodology of spatial analogy. Characterizing the analogue regions by the most used climate scenarios. And visualize them by GIS. The define the regions which cl ...
Earth`s Energy Imbalance
... 2009). The net radiation at TOA, RT, is the sum of the absorbed solar radiation (ASR) minus the outgoing longwave radiation (OLR): RT=ASR-‐OLR. In turn the ASR is the difference between the ...
... 2009). The net radiation at TOA, RT, is the sum of the absorbed solar radiation (ASR) minus the outgoing longwave radiation (OLR): RT=ASR-‐OLR. In turn the ASR is the difference between the ...
Hydrodynamic impacts of Egyptian costal lakes due to
... The calibrated and verified hydrodynamic model simulation shows a good agreement with the observed water depth and the measured water temperature and salinity profiles at various locations during for the simulation period. Examples of calibration process results can be seen in Figure 9 for water dep ...
... The calibrated and verified hydrodynamic model simulation shows a good agreement with the observed water depth and the measured water temperature and salinity profiles at various locations during for the simulation period. Examples of calibration process results can be seen in Figure 9 for water dep ...
Is climate an important driver of post
... rare or uncommon trees or trees outside of the scatter of component study locations. For those studies reporting tree data at the genus level, component species temperatures were averaged and assigned a temperature class at that taxonomic level (Table 1). One exception was with pine (Pinus), which, ...
... rare or uncommon trees or trees outside of the scatter of component study locations. For those studies reporting tree data at the genus level, component species temperatures were averaged and assigned a temperature class at that taxonomic level (Table 1). One exception was with pine (Pinus), which, ...
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository)
... droughts, hurricanes and precipitation levels; changes in biodiversity; increased human morbidity and premature mortality; and human migration. What makes climate change pre-eminently a moral issue is that due to the inertia of the climatic system the bulk of impacts of climate change will clearly n ...
... droughts, hurricanes and precipitation levels; changes in biodiversity; increased human morbidity and premature mortality; and human migration. What makes climate change pre-eminently a moral issue is that due to the inertia of the climatic system the bulk of impacts of climate change will clearly n ...
How global warming could transform B.C.`s real estate sector
... he United Nations’ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is a scientific panel universally recognized as the world’s most authoritative voice on global warming. In 2007, the IPCC released a major new report, which stated: ...
... he United Nations’ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is a scientific panel universally recognized as the world’s most authoritative voice on global warming. In 2007, the IPCC released a major new report, which stated: ...
STRATEGIES FOR COPING WITH WEATHER CHANGES ADOPTED REGION HIGH SCHOOLS, SWAZILAND
... may lead to lower milk yield, soil baking, plant wilting and death. Excessive water also leads to water-logging of soils, flooding which results in destruction of farm buildings, plants and animals. Strong wind causes erosion, lodging of plants, and disruption of electricity supply on the farm. 1.5 ...
... may lead to lower milk yield, soil baking, plant wilting and death. Excessive water also leads to water-logging of soils, flooding which results in destruction of farm buildings, plants and animals. Strong wind causes erosion, lodging of plants, and disruption of electricity supply on the farm. 1.5 ...
Assessing the impacts of global warming on meteorological hazards
... Assessing the impacts of global warming on meteorological hazards and risks in Japan: Philosophy and achievements of the ...
... Assessing the impacts of global warming on meteorological hazards and risks in Japan: Philosophy and achievements of the ...
The Climate Change Challenge
... COP 21, the 2015 conference, has been frequently mentioned in the media due to its bold declaration to keep global temperature increases below 2°C from pre-industrial levels. The topic, while a hot one, has had some mixed reviews. Critics argue that its aim and reach are not sufficient and that a th ...
... COP 21, the 2015 conference, has been frequently mentioned in the media due to its bold declaration to keep global temperature increases below 2°C from pre-industrial levels. The topic, while a hot one, has had some mixed reviews. Critics argue that its aim and reach are not sufficient and that a th ...
Our Climate Options Have Shrunk
... fishing expeditions, and other intimidations against scientists who are not psychologically self-selected for, nor trained to deal with, such attacks. • These intimidations indeed tend to water down and/or silence many scientists public statements and the water down the wordings in their peer-review ...
... fishing expeditions, and other intimidations against scientists who are not psychologically self-selected for, nor trained to deal with, such attacks. • These intimidations indeed tend to water down and/or silence many scientists public statements and the water down the wordings in their peer-review ...
Land - Use/Land Cover Change as a
... difference between the two (bottom; defined as the near current minus natural scenario). From: Marshall, C.H., R.A. Pielke Sr., and L.T. Steyaert, 2004: Has the conversion of natural wetlands to agricultural land increased the incidence and severity of damaging freezes in south Florida? Mon. ...
... difference between the two (bottom; defined as the near current minus natural scenario). From: Marshall, C.H., R.A. Pielke Sr., and L.T. Steyaert, 2004: Has the conversion of natural wetlands to agricultural land increased the incidence and severity of damaging freezes in south Florida? Mon. ...
the sahel is greening - The Global Warming Policy Foundation
... the greening of the Sahel is now well established and that increases in rainfall are the main driver of the change in the vegetation cover. The report noted that there was a 50% increase in vegetation in parts of Mali, Mauritania and Chad during 1982-2003.12 Vegetation changes play a significant rol ...
... the greening of the Sahel is now well established and that increases in rainfall are the main driver of the change in the vegetation cover. The report noted that there was a 50% increase in vegetation in parts of Mali, Mauritania and Chad during 1982-2003.12 Vegetation changes play a significant rol ...
burning international bridges, fuelling global discontent
... Conventions on the Laws of War and the 1977 Geneva Protocols that amended them. He may in fact have been the only person to attend both these special negotiations that codified the modern laws of war. He was a member of the New Zealand delegation at the 1958 and 1960. Geneva Conferences on the Law o ...
... Conventions on the Laws of War and the 1977 Geneva Protocols that amended them. He may in fact have been the only person to attend both these special negotiations that codified the modern laws of war. He was a member of the New Zealand delegation at the 1958 and 1960. Geneva Conferences on the Law o ...
THE NEXUS OF CLIMATE CHANGE, LAND USE, AND CONFLICT
... AFRICA. The results from the previous session suggest that to adequately consider all the complex linkages of human–environment interactions in northern Africa, an integrative framework is needed to analyze and model the pathways between climate change, land use, and conflict. First of all, it is im ...
... AFRICA. The results from the previous session suggest that to adequately consider all the complex linkages of human–environment interactions in northern Africa, an integrative framework is needed to analyze and model the pathways between climate change, land use, and conflict. First of all, it is im ...
Instrumental temperature record
The instrumental temperature record shows fluctuations of the temperature of earth's climate system. Initially the instrumental temperature record only documented land and sea surface temperature, but in recent decades instruments have also begun recording ocean temperature. Data is collected from thousands of meteorological stations around the globe and through satellite observations. The longest-running temperature record is the Central England temperature data series, that starts in 1659. The longest-running quasi-global record starts in 1850.