Hosed vs. unhosed: interruptions of the Atlantic Meridional
... value of either 270 or 180 ppm depending on whether the ice sheets have a preindustrial or glacial extent, respectively. The obliquity was set to either 22.0 or 24.5◦ , spanning the calculated range of the last 5 Myr (Laskar et al., 2004). The precessional phase, defined as the angle between the Ear ...
... value of either 270 or 180 ppm depending on whether the ice sheets have a preindustrial or glacial extent, respectively. The obliquity was set to either 22.0 or 24.5◦ , spanning the calculated range of the last 5 Myr (Laskar et al., 2004). The precessional phase, defined as the angle between the Ear ...
How Does Climate Change Affect Agricultural Stability in Southeast
... reduced agricultural production and also led to widespread malnutrition the following season. This report and others state that greater unreliability of the rains is affecting farmers. The current production risks in agriculture could be exacerbated from changes in temperature, rainfall trends or fr ...
... reduced agricultural production and also led to widespread malnutrition the following season. This report and others state that greater unreliability of the rains is affecting farmers. The current production risks in agriculture could be exacerbated from changes in temperature, rainfall trends or fr ...
The World Meteorological Organization at a glance
... surface water bodies and underground water. It also monitors the interactions of the atmosphere with the Earth’s surface, ecosystems and human activities. WMO facilitates the provision and exchange of near-real-time information from across the globe around the clock. The data are collected by 10 000 ...
... surface water bodies and underground water. It also monitors the interactions of the atmosphere with the Earth’s surface, ecosystems and human activities. WMO facilitates the provision and exchange of near-real-time information from across the globe around the clock. The data are collected by 10 000 ...
National Adaptation to Climate Change
... above the mean sea level. Increasing the frequency of such storms would put pressure on to the natural balance of the islands and would cause overtopping of the existing coastal structures on the island. The impact of climate change on the islands in‐terms flooding incre ...
... above the mean sea level. Increasing the frequency of such storms would put pressure on to the natural balance of the islands and would cause overtopping of the existing coastal structures on the island. The impact of climate change on the islands in‐terms flooding incre ...
Climate Change Effects on Vegetation Distribution and Carbon
... change scenariosat 10-km resolution.MC1 was run under two transient scenarios at 0.5? latitude/longitude resolution (approximately50-km). The reason for the discrepancybetween the number and the spatialresolutionof the two types of scenariosis that (a) there are fewer transient climate change scenar ...
... change scenariosat 10-km resolution.MC1 was run under two transient scenarios at 0.5? latitude/longitude resolution (approximately50-km). The reason for the discrepancybetween the number and the spatialresolutionof the two types of scenariosis that (a) there are fewer transient climate change scenar ...
LCCARL418_en.pdf
... are often integrated into complicated Integrated Assessment Models (IAM). Clearly, the purpose, approach and perspective of social modeling are quite different from that of physical modeling. Social and economic “laws” are not deterministic but based on observed behavior of socio-economic aggregates ...
... are often integrated into complicated Integrated Assessment Models (IAM). Clearly, the purpose, approach and perspective of social modeling are quite different from that of physical modeling. Social and economic “laws” are not deterministic but based on observed behavior of socio-economic aggregates ...
A Climate Chronology - University of Maine
... the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere should double, the surface temperature would rise 3.6 C.” The article goes on to discuss the impact of fossil fuel combustion: “Recently…man has added an important new factor to the carbon dioxide balance…[C]ombustion of fossil fuels is adding 6.0 x 109 ...
... the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere should double, the surface temperature would rise 3.6 C.” The article goes on to discuss the impact of fossil fuel combustion: “Recently…man has added an important new factor to the carbon dioxide balance…[C]ombustion of fossil fuels is adding 6.0 x 109 ...
Bronze Age Review - ePrints Soton
... (Barber, 2007). Even for the site studied by Charman (2007) the driest years on record such as 1975 and 1976 were also two of the hottest. The reason is that anticyclonic conditions and high pressure cells draw in relatively dry air for Europe and Siberia, although augmented by convectional precipit ...
... (Barber, 2007). Even for the site studied by Charman (2007) the driest years on record such as 1975 and 1976 were also two of the hottest. The reason is that anticyclonic conditions and high pressure cells draw in relatively dry air for Europe and Siberia, although augmented by convectional precipit ...
Evaluation of spatial changes in different climates of Iran
... the areal coverage in different climate categories of Iran. The results of this paper showed that the surface percent of Iran in the hyper arid, semi arid, humid and hyper humid type 1 climate categories have had a ascending trend, but only the ascending trend of the hyper arid category has been sig ...
... the areal coverage in different climate categories of Iran. The results of this paper showed that the surface percent of Iran in the hyper arid, semi arid, humid and hyper humid type 1 climate categories have had a ascending trend, but only the ascending trend of the hyper arid category has been sig ...
Ensemble projections of future streamflow droughts in Europe
... work of Feyen and Dankers (2009) but shows several innovative aspects, which overcome some limitations identified in previous works. First, we present an in-depth analysis of the robustness and significance of the projected changes in streamflow drought, simulated by the LISFLOOD hydrological model ...
... work of Feyen and Dankers (2009) but shows several innovative aspects, which overcome some limitations identified in previous works. First, we present an in-depth analysis of the robustness and significance of the projected changes in streamflow drought, simulated by the LISFLOOD hydrological model ...
PDF
... type of models consists of using biophysical models to predict crop yield effects of climate change scenarios which are then used as an input into the economic model to predict economic impacts (e.g. Adams et al. 1998b). The key distinguishing feature of the ‘spatial-analogue’ approach is that it is ...
... type of models consists of using biophysical models to predict crop yield effects of climate change scenarios which are then used as an input into the economic model to predict economic impacts (e.g. Adams et al. 1998b). The key distinguishing feature of the ‘spatial-analogue’ approach is that it is ...
Strategy for FAO’s work on climate change – roadmap
... Outcome 1: Improved integration of food security, agriculture, forestry and fisheries considerations in international governance on climate change through reinforced FAO engagement. The Strategy aims to increase FAO’s engagement in international fora to promote the perspectives of agriculture, fores ...
... Outcome 1: Improved integration of food security, agriculture, forestry and fisheries considerations in international governance on climate change through reinforced FAO engagement. The Strategy aims to increase FAO’s engagement in international fora to promote the perspectives of agriculture, fores ...
climate impacts and adaptation unit
... unit students should be able to: a) Convince decision-makers in your organisation of the business case to manage the physical risks and opportunities of climate change. Why do decision-makers in your organisation need to consider climate change? b) Develop and implement a rigorous, cost-efficient an ...
... unit students should be able to: a) Convince decision-makers in your organisation of the business case to manage the physical risks and opportunities of climate change. Why do decision-makers in your organisation need to consider climate change? b) Develop and implement a rigorous, cost-efficient an ...
Submission by Japan to the UN Framework Convention on Climate
... Adaptation to the impacts of climate change is nowadays essential for every country, as changes in climate have caused impacts on natural ecosystems and human societies on all continents and across the oceans. As a national adaptation planning process, the Central Environment Council conducted clima ...
... Adaptation to the impacts of climate change is nowadays essential for every country, as changes in climate have caused impacts on natural ecosystems and human societies on all continents and across the oceans. As a national adaptation planning process, the Central Environment Council conducted clima ...
climate impacts and adaptation unit
... unit students should be able to: a) Convince decision-makers in your organisation of the business case to manage the physical risks and opportunities of climate change. Why do decision-makers in your organisation need to consider climate change? b) Develop and implement a rigorous, cost-efficient an ...
... unit students should be able to: a) Convince decision-makers in your organisation of the business case to manage the physical risks and opportunities of climate change. Why do decision-makers in your organisation need to consider climate change? b) Develop and implement a rigorous, cost-efficient an ...
The influence of vegetation dynamics on anthropogenic climate
... Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI ESM) that includes vegetation dynamics and an interactive carbon cycle. We assume anthropogenic CO2 emissions according to the RCP 8.5 scenario in the time period from 1850 to 2120. For the time after 2120, we assume zero emissions to evaluate the response o ...
... Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI ESM) that includes vegetation dynamics and an interactive carbon cycle. We assume anthropogenic CO2 emissions according to the RCP 8.5 scenario in the time period from 1850 to 2120. For the time after 2120, we assume zero emissions to evaluate the response o ...
Call for Abstracts The World Climate Research Programme (WCRP
... The Africa Climate Conference 2013 (ACC-2013) aims to address new frontiers of knowledge on the African Climate system, and narrow the communication gap currently existing between African decision-makers and climate scientists, in order to develop a coordinated collaborative research strategy to imp ...
... The Africa Climate Conference 2013 (ACC-2013) aims to address new frontiers of knowledge on the African Climate system, and narrow the communication gap currently existing between African decision-makers and climate scientists, in order to develop a coordinated collaborative research strategy to imp ...
University of Nevada, Reno THE ROLE OF URBAN CLIMATE AND
... The biophysical properties of different land cover types within a city create the complex urban climate. At the landscape level, the net effect of the urban matrix may be warmer temperatures in the city than surrounding natural areas. The urban heat island effect exists for some cities, like Baltimo ...
... The biophysical properties of different land cover types within a city create the complex urban climate. At the landscape level, the net effect of the urban matrix may be warmer temperatures in the city than surrounding natural areas. The urban heat island effect exists for some cities, like Baltimo ...
With Speed and Violence Fred Pearce
... such as the Yorkshire whaling captain and amateur Arctic scientist William Scoresby sailed north each spring as the ice broke up and dodged the ice floes to hunt the whales that had congregated to devour the spring burst of plankton. Scoresby was the star of the ice floes, landing a world-record thi ...
... such as the Yorkshire whaling captain and amateur Arctic scientist William Scoresby sailed north each spring as the ice broke up and dodged the ice floes to hunt the whales that had congregated to devour the spring burst of plankton. Scoresby was the star of the ice floes, landing a world-record thi ...
Potential impacts of climatic change upon
... from current and projected anthropogenic climatic change in several important ways. First and foremost, anthropogenic climatic change is expected to result in global conditions markedly warmer by 2100, by between 1.4 and 5.8 °C (IPCC 2001), than the recent past; a more recent analysis of modelling r ...
... from current and projected anthropogenic climatic change in several important ways. First and foremost, anthropogenic climatic change is expected to result in global conditions markedly warmer by 2100, by between 1.4 and 5.8 °C (IPCC 2001), than the recent past; a more recent analysis of modelling r ...
IPCC AR5 Synthesis Report
... Projected climate changes Continued emissions of greenhouse gases will cause further warming and changes in the climate system ...
... Projected climate changes Continued emissions of greenhouse gases will cause further warming and changes in the climate system ...
Israel`s report to the UNFCCC on climate change, 2000
... tons emitted from land-use changes. Of these 7 to 8 billion tons, 2 billion are absorbed annually by the oceans and 1.5 to 2.5 billion are absorbed by the global vegetation, resulting in a net annual addition of 3.5 billion tons of carbon (Watson et al 1998). This atmospheric carbon, together with o ...
... tons emitted from land-use changes. Of these 7 to 8 billion tons, 2 billion are absorbed annually by the oceans and 1.5 to 2.5 billion are absorbed by the global vegetation, resulting in a net annual addition of 3.5 billion tons of carbon (Watson et al 1998). This atmospheric carbon, together with o ...
Projecting future climate change: Implications of carbon cycle
... of projected CO2 concentration, given a scenario for emissions; this range is wider than had been considered in previous assessments and contrary to the common assumption. Consequently, when accounted for in the simulation of the entire climate system, the range of climate projections also becomes s ...
... of projected CO2 concentration, given a scenario for emissions; this range is wider than had been considered in previous assessments and contrary to the common assumption. Consequently, when accounted for in the simulation of the entire climate system, the range of climate projections also becomes s ...
Climate change and eastern Africa: a review of impact on major crops
... development phases leads to fewer and smaller organs, reduced light interception due to shortened crop life, and altered carbon-assimilation processes including transpiration, photosynthesis, and respiration (Stone 2001). Heat stress during flowering and grain filling stages results in decreased gra ...
... development phases leads to fewer and smaller organs, reduced light interception due to shortened crop life, and altered carbon-assimilation processes including transpiration, photosynthesis, and respiration (Stone 2001). Heat stress during flowering and grain filling stages results in decreased gra ...
PDF
... Eastern Europe, the former Soviet Union, the Middle East, Central America, South America, South Asia, Southeast Asia, China, North Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Small Island States. The model runs from 1950 to 2300 in time steps of one year. The prime reason for starting in 1950 is to initialise t ...
... Eastern Europe, the former Soviet Union, the Middle East, Central America, South America, South Asia, Southeast Asia, China, North Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Small Island States. The model runs from 1950 to 2300 in time steps of one year. The prime reason for starting in 1950 is to initialise t ...
Instrumental temperature record
The instrumental temperature record shows fluctuations of the temperature of earth's climate system. Initially the instrumental temperature record only documented land and sea surface temperature, but in recent decades instruments have also begun recording ocean temperature. Data is collected from thousands of meteorological stations around the globe and through satellite observations. The longest-running temperature record is the Central England temperature data series, that starts in 1659. The longest-running quasi-global record starts in 1850.