December 3, 2015 Via online complaint form Commissioner of
... mislead the public about the health risks of smoking.1 Among other activities, these front groups misrepresented established science in order to sow doubt about the scientific consensus that smoking causes cancer. This benefitted the tobacco industry by delaying, for decades, corrective market and r ...
... mislead the public about the health risks of smoking.1 Among other activities, these front groups misrepresented established science in order to sow doubt about the scientific consensus that smoking causes cancer. This benefitted the tobacco industry by delaying, for decades, corrective market and r ...
14.2.2 Predictability in a Chaotic System
... networks. Further work is needed in eight broad areas: • Reverse the decline of observational networks in many parts of the world. Unless networks are significantly improved, it may be difficult or impossible to detect climate change over large parts of the globe. • Sustain and expand the observatio ...
... networks. Further work is needed in eight broad areas: • Reverse the decline of observational networks in many parts of the world. Unless networks are significantly improved, it may be difficult or impossible to detect climate change over large parts of the globe. • Sustain and expand the observatio ...
Climate change and eastern Africa: a review of impact on major crops
... development phases leads to fewer and smaller organs, reduced light interception due to shortened crop life, and altered carbon-assimilation processes including transpiration, photosynthesis, and respiration (Stone 2001). Heat stress during flowering and grain filling stages results in decreased gra ...
... development phases leads to fewer and smaller organs, reduced light interception due to shortened crop life, and altered carbon-assimilation processes including transpiration, photosynthesis, and respiration (Stone 2001). Heat stress during flowering and grain filling stages results in decreased gra ...
Soil drying in Europe and its impact on atmospheric
... same time scale. A range of models showed quite a range of degrees to which this coupling is realized, but a number of areas (hotspots) emerged in transitional climate regimes where sufficient dependence of evaporation on soil moisture and sufficient sensitivity of precipitation formation to atmosph ...
... same time scale. A range of models showed quite a range of degrees to which this coupling is realized, but a number of areas (hotspots) emerged in transitional climate regimes where sufficient dependence of evaporation on soil moisture and sufficient sensitivity of precipitation formation to atmosph ...
to open - Gifted Leadership Services
... Netherlands and Germany have done the same. This provided supermarkets with an incentive to participate in the sustainable seafood campaign. World Park Antarctica – Since 1985, Greenpeace has worked very hard to keep Antarctica free from human interference to preserve the natural habitat. At last, ...
... Netherlands and Germany have done the same. This provided supermarkets with an incentive to participate in the sustainable seafood campaign. World Park Antarctica – Since 1985, Greenpeace has worked very hard to keep Antarctica free from human interference to preserve the natural habitat. At last, ...
University of Birmingham Including the urban heat island in spatial
... stakeholders including local authorities. However, at this stage it is important to clarify the terminology used in this paper, as throughout the risk assessment literature there are various terms that have multiple definitions. The main risk assessment theory focuses on “Crichton’s Risk Triangle” ( ...
... stakeholders including local authorities. However, at this stage it is important to clarify the terminology used in this paper, as throughout the risk assessment literature there are various terms that have multiple definitions. The main risk assessment theory focuses on “Crichton’s Risk Triangle” ( ...
Air pollution, climate change and ozone loss
... Global sea levels could rise by more than 20 feet with the loss of shelf ice in Greenland and Antarctica, devastating coastal areas worldwide. Heat waves will be more frequent and more intense Droughts and wildfires will occur more often The Arctic Ocean could be ice free in summer by 2050 ...
... Global sea levels could rise by more than 20 feet with the loss of shelf ice in Greenland and Antarctica, devastating coastal areas worldwide. Heat waves will be more frequent and more intense Droughts and wildfires will occur more often The Arctic Ocean could be ice free in summer by 2050 ...
Emulating coupled atmosphere-ocean and carbon cycle models
... formulation allows effective climate sensitivities to increase on the path to equilibrium warming. In this formulation, changes in effective climate sensitivity arise from a geometrical effect: spatially non-homogenous feedbacks can lead to a time-variable effective global-mean climate sensitivity, ...
... formulation allows effective climate sensitivities to increase on the path to equilibrium warming. In this formulation, changes in effective climate sensitivity arise from a geometrical effect: spatially non-homogenous feedbacks can lead to a time-variable effective global-mean climate sensitivity, ...
RAPPOR T Effects of climate change in the Kolubara and Toplica
... and Toplica (2231 km2) catchments in Serbia has been performed. HBV models calibrated based on observed hydrometeorological data from the catchments form the basis of the study. Three time periods are considered, namely 1961-1990 (control period), 2001-2030 (near future) and 2071-2100 (far future). ...
... and Toplica (2231 km2) catchments in Serbia has been performed. HBV models calibrated based on observed hydrometeorological data from the catchments form the basis of the study. Three time periods are considered, namely 1961-1990 (control period), 2001-2030 (near future) and 2071-2100 (far future). ...
Not just about sunburn - the ozone hole`s - Research Online
... therein). Since the late 1970s the strength of the Southern Ocean polar jet has increased by 15–20% ...
... therein). Since the late 1970s the strength of the Southern Ocean polar jet has increased by 15–20% ...
The impact of climate change on domestic and international tourism
... does, however, allow for a synoptic overview, including the most important interactions. Apart from the previous versions of HTM, another study examines the impact of climate change on tourism at the global scale. Amelung (2006) depicts comfort index scores for the world on a 0.5 x 0.5 degree grid, ...
... does, however, allow for a synoptic overview, including the most important interactions. Apart from the previous versions of HTM, another study examines the impact of climate change on tourism at the global scale. Amelung (2006) depicts comfort index scores for the world on a 0.5 x 0.5 degree grid, ...
Spain - Met Office
... to a particular country. Although time available for the project was short, generally all the material available to the researchers in the project was used, unless there were good scientific reasons for not doing so. For example, some impacts areas were omitted, such as many of those associated with ...
... to a particular country. Although time available for the project was short, generally all the material available to the researchers in the project was used, unless there were good scientific reasons for not doing so. For example, some impacts areas were omitted, such as many of those associated with ...
A Summary of Climate Change Risks for London
... greater absorption and storage of heat from the sun by the urban fabric during the day; surface water being drained away and therefore not available for evaporative cooling; and anthropogenic heat emissions, such as exhaust air from air-conditioning systems. The magnitude of the UHI effect is depend ...
... greater absorption and storage of heat from the sun by the urban fabric during the day; surface water being drained away and therefore not available for evaporative cooling; and anthropogenic heat emissions, such as exhaust air from air-conditioning systems. The magnitude of the UHI effect is depend ...
The Geoengineering Option
... Each year, the eªects of climate change are coming into sharper focus. Barely a month goes by without some fresh bad news: ice sheets and glaciers are melting faster than expected, sea levels are rising more rapidly than ever in recorded history, plants are blooming earlier in the spring, water supp ...
... Each year, the eªects of climate change are coming into sharper focus. Barely a month goes by without some fresh bad news: ice sheets and glaciers are melting faster than expected, sea levels are rising more rapidly than ever in recorded history, plants are blooming earlier in the spring, water supp ...
Nov 21, 2015 - Science and Environmental Policy Project
... environmental, social and economic disruptions around the globe. While natural sources of climate variability are significant, multiple lines of evidence indicate that human influences have had an increasingly dominant effect on global climate warming observed since the mid-twentieth century. Althou ...
... environmental, social and economic disruptions around the globe. While natural sources of climate variability are significant, multiple lines of evidence indicate that human influences have had an increasingly dominant effect on global climate warming observed since the mid-twentieth century. Althou ...
Teacher manual - Government of Grenada
... significantly, causing climate events such as ‘ice ages’. However the global climate has never changed as fast as it is currently changing. • Currently, around the world, temperatures are getting hotter (which is sometimes referred to as “global warming”) and weather patterns are changing. In the p ...
... significantly, causing climate events such as ‘ice ages’. However the global climate has never changed as fast as it is currently changing. • Currently, around the world, temperatures are getting hotter (which is sometimes referred to as “global warming”) and weather patterns are changing. In the p ...
Great Barrier Reef
... the stresses imposed by rising temperatures and increasing acidification. There is some debate as to whether existing legislation and regulation is sufficient to protect the Reef and build resilience to meet present and future stresses. Independent risk assessment and recommendations for risk manage ...
... the stresses imposed by rising temperatures and increasing acidification. There is some debate as to whether existing legislation and regulation is sufficient to protect the Reef and build resilience to meet present and future stresses. Independent risk assessment and recommendations for risk manage ...
150716_CWCF statement on climate change_final
... the past century are very likely due to human activities. So do over 197 top scientific organizations from around the world, including NASA, NOAA, the Royal Society of Canada, the Royal Society of the United Kingdom, the French Académie des Sciences, the Science Council of Japan, the Chinese Academy ...
... the past century are very likely due to human activities. So do over 197 top scientific organizations from around the world, including NASA, NOAA, the Royal Society of Canada, the Royal Society of the United Kingdom, the French Académie des Sciences, the Science Council of Japan, the Chinese Academy ...
The impact of urban heat islands: assessing vulnerability in
... Urbanisation is occurring across Indonesia. The World Bank projects that between 2010 and 2025 the population of 11 big cities in Indonesia (including Jakarta and Bandar Lampung) will increase by an average of 309,000 people per year (World Bank, 2012). By 2025, approximately 67.5 per cent of Indone ...
... Urbanisation is occurring across Indonesia. The World Bank projects that between 2010 and 2025 the population of 11 big cities in Indonesia (including Jakarta and Bandar Lampung) will increase by an average of 309,000 people per year (World Bank, 2012). By 2025, approximately 67.5 per cent of Indone ...
Physical and chemical consequences of artificially deepened
... physical forcing, the thermal stratification of lakes is controlled by complex interactions of several environmental factors such as wind fetch and lake size, basin morphometry, altitude, and water clarity/dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (e.g. Fee et al., 1996; Snucins and Gunn, 2000; Livingstone et ...
... physical forcing, the thermal stratification of lakes is controlled by complex interactions of several environmental factors such as wind fetch and lake size, basin morphometry, altitude, and water clarity/dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (e.g. Fee et al., 1996; Snucins and Gunn, 2000; Livingstone et ...
Small flux buoy for characterizing marine surface layers
... The empirical relationship embedded in MOST were originally developed from results obtained during the famous Kansas experiment (Businger et al. 1971) where measurements were made over a flat, homogeneous, cut grass area. The state-of-the-art surface flux parameterization is the Coupled Ocean-Atmosp ...
... The empirical relationship embedded in MOST were originally developed from results obtained during the famous Kansas experiment (Businger et al. 1971) where measurements were made over a flat, homogeneous, cut grass area. The state-of-the-art surface flux parameterization is the Coupled Ocean-Atmosp ...
Methane, the Clathrate-gun conjecture and a disturbed
... Note that present methane concentrations are maintained 2.5-fold higher than their 1850 preindustrial value, but without a major new sustained chronic source it is assumed they would reduce rapidly if fossil fuel sources ceased. More Recent Warm Worlds An account is available in Hansen & Sato, 2011 ...
... Note that present methane concentrations are maintained 2.5-fold higher than their 1850 preindustrial value, but without a major new sustained chronic source it is assumed they would reduce rapidly if fossil fuel sources ceased. More Recent Warm Worlds An account is available in Hansen & Sato, 2011 ...
Talking about a revolution: climate change and the media
... turn bad news into good. But the media does have a role to play in empowering people to make informed choices. Yet public, private and political reactions to climate change are still small relative to what powerful scientific, economic and moral arguments demand. It has been said that the most impor ...
... turn bad news into good. But the media does have a role to play in empowering people to make informed choices. Yet public, private and political reactions to climate change are still small relative to what powerful scientific, economic and moral arguments demand. It has been said that the most impor ...
Instrumental temperature record
The instrumental temperature record shows fluctuations of the temperature of earth's climate system. Initially the instrumental temperature record only documented land and sea surface temperature, but in recent decades instruments have also begun recording ocean temperature. Data is collected from thousands of meteorological stations around the globe and through satellite observations. The longest-running temperature record is the Central England temperature data series, that starts in 1659. The longest-running quasi-global record starts in 1850.