critical remarks addressed to climate fanatics and climate sceptics
... 4. Most people (even in science) think that the present global warming is due to the increase in atmospheric CO2. The atmospheric CO2 has been continuously increasing since 1955 (from the start of observatory records), but the global temperature was decreasing for three decades before 1970, which me ...
... 4. Most people (even in science) think that the present global warming is due to the increase in atmospheric CO2. The atmospheric CO2 has been continuously increasing since 1955 (from the start of observatory records), but the global temperature was decreasing for three decades before 1970, which me ...
- Wiley Online Library
... tracks (Chang et al., 2012; Scheff & Frierson, 2012; Yongyun et al., 2012; Cabre et al., 2015). These changes in atmospheric circulation will in turn alter ocean surface wind stress curl, primarily along the gyres’ poleward boundaries, contributing to gyre expansion. Change in the biophysical marin ...
... tracks (Chang et al., 2012; Scheff & Frierson, 2012; Yongyun et al., 2012; Cabre et al., 2015). These changes in atmospheric circulation will in turn alter ocean surface wind stress curl, primarily along the gyres’ poleward boundaries, contributing to gyre expansion. Change in the biophysical marin ...
Climate change and wildlife diseases: When does the host matter
... represents a more certain cause of future increases in incidence of human cases of malaria. Lafferty’s focus on vector-borne human infectious diseases provides a useful test case against which to compare our expectations for the effect of global changes on pathogens affecting wildlife populations. N ...
... represents a more certain cause of future increases in incidence of human cases of malaria. Lafferty’s focus on vector-borne human infectious diseases provides a useful test case against which to compare our expectations for the effect of global changes on pathogens affecting wildlife populations. N ...
3. International Response to Climate Change
... • To peak greenhouse gas emissions as soon as possible and achieve a balance between sources and sinks of greenhouse gases in the second half of this century. • To keep global temperature increase "well below" 2°C and to pursue efforts to limit it to 1.5°C (2.7° Fahrenheit) over pre-industrial level ...
... • To peak greenhouse gas emissions as soon as possible and achieve a balance between sources and sinks of greenhouse gases in the second half of this century. • To keep global temperature increase "well below" 2°C and to pursue efforts to limit it to 1.5°C (2.7° Fahrenheit) over pre-industrial level ...
Slide 1 - Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research
... “Adaptation challenge” due to negative emission necessity: How can large biomass & CCS implementation take place without endangering food production, ecosystems etc? ...
... “Adaptation challenge” due to negative emission necessity: How can large biomass & CCS implementation take place without endangering food production, ecosystems etc? ...
pdf Do We Understand What Is Driving Climate Change?
... Earth will have a steady average temperature. The reason why it is generally colder during the night than during the day is that the Earth does not receive solar energy during the night, but it still radiates infrared energy outward, hence its temperature goes down during the night. When Fourier did ...
... Earth will have a steady average temperature. The reason why it is generally colder during the night than during the day is that the Earth does not receive solar energy during the night, but it still radiates infrared energy outward, hence its temperature goes down during the night. When Fourier did ...
Recent Trends with Implications for National Security
... model. 6 The analysis of observational data shows that the climate of the past decade has indeed been unusual. The annual global average surface temperature for each year from 2002 through 2011 ranked among the top thirteen in the 132-year instrumental record, which began in 1880. That decade was al ...
... model. 6 The analysis of observational data shows that the climate of the past decade has indeed been unusual. The annual global average surface temperature for each year from 2002 through 2011 ranked among the top thirteen in the 132-year instrumental record, which began in 1880. That decade was al ...
Global Warming Treaty
... that “the balance of evidence sug- the global mean temperature rose by century has gone up something like a gests a discernible human influence 0.6˚C [1.08˚F] during the 20th cen- half-degree Centigrade [or 0.9 degree on global climate.” 4 The panel’s most tury. 6 Fahrenheit],” says Richard S. Lindz ...
... that “the balance of evidence sug- the global mean temperature rose by century has gone up something like a gests a discernible human influence 0.6˚C [1.08˚F] during the 20th cen- half-degree Centigrade [or 0.9 degree on global climate.” 4 The panel’s most tury. 6 Fahrenheit],” says Richard S. Lindz ...
8 Things We Hate About Summer are Getting Worse with Climate
... activities are based on daily air monitoring data gathered in the EPA’s Air Quality Index.4 Bad air days put many of us at risk for irritated eyes, noses, and lungs—but air pollution is particularly dangerous for people with respiratory diseases like asthma. Already about 27 million Americans suffer ...
... activities are based on daily air monitoring data gathered in the EPA’s Air Quality Index.4 Bad air days put many of us at risk for irritated eyes, noses, and lungs—but air pollution is particularly dangerous for people with respiratory diseases like asthma. Already about 27 million Americans suffer ...
slides - Medical and Public Health Law Site
... part of its duty or power to enforce their rights in respect of their relations with the Federal Government. In that field it is the United States, and not the State, which represents them." ...
... part of its duty or power to enforce their rights in respect of their relations with the Federal Government. In that field it is the United States, and not the State, which represents them." ...
The Fate of Alpine Species in the Face of Climate Change: A
... mountain we find that a new concern emerges. Here species are projected to experience gaps between current and projected elevational ranges (Colwell et al., 2008). These range-shift gaps prove ecologically problematic when species, often ill-adapted for upwards migration, can’t disperse across larg ...
... mountain we find that a new concern emerges. Here species are projected to experience gaps between current and projected elevational ranges (Colwell et al., 2008). These range-shift gaps prove ecologically problematic when species, often ill-adapted for upwards migration, can’t disperse across larg ...
Blue Grenadier
... dispersal)modelling)indicated)that)years)with)greater)retention)of) larval)stages)along)the)west)Tasmanian)shelf)region)had)higher)YCS% Together)with)analysis)of)a)range)of)other)climatic)variables5)our) results)suggest)that)windy)autumns5)where)there)is)greater)vertical) mixing)of)the)water)column) ...
... dispersal)modelling)indicated)that)years)with)greater)retention)of) larval)stages)along)the)west)Tasmanian)shelf)region)had)higher)YCS% Together)with)analysis)of)a)range)of)other)climatic)variables5)our) results)suggest)that)windy)autumns5)where)there)is)greater)vertical) mixing)of)the)water)column) ...
Climate Change
... – Flexible Mechanisms: Measures like emissions trading; Joint implementation and Clean development mechanism were approved – No quantitative limit on the credit a country could claim from use of these mechanisms – Carbon Sinks : Credit was agreed to for broad activities that absorb carbon from the a ...
... – Flexible Mechanisms: Measures like emissions trading; Joint implementation and Clean development mechanism were approved – No quantitative limit on the credit a country could claim from use of these mechanisms – Carbon Sinks : Credit was agreed to for broad activities that absorb carbon from the a ...
Arctic and Alpine Permafrost
... been retreating during the past decades: Syslov (1961) reports that the permafrost extent at Mezen (Russia) has retreated northward at an average rate of 400 m per year since 1837, whereas similar findings have been reported for the Mackenzie Valley of Canada. • Although permafrost is temperature de ...
... been retreating during the past decades: Syslov (1961) reports that the permafrost extent at Mezen (Russia) has retreated northward at an average rate of 400 m per year since 1837, whereas similar findings have been reported for the Mackenzie Valley of Canada. • Although permafrost is temperature de ...
Arctic and Alpine Permafrost
... been retreating during the past decades: Syslov (1961) reports that the permafrost extent at Mezen (Russia) has retreated northward at an average rate of 400 m per year since 1837, whereas similar findings have been reported for the Mackenzie Valley of Canada. • Although permafrost is temperature de ...
... been retreating during the past decades: Syslov (1961) reports that the permafrost extent at Mezen (Russia) has retreated northward at an average rate of 400 m per year since 1837, whereas similar findings have been reported for the Mackenzie Valley of Canada. • Although permafrost is temperature de ...
NRDC: Boosting the Benefits - Improving Air Quality and Health by
... climate, causing roughly a 0.5 degree Celsius increase in winter temperatures in the Arctic for the period between 1900 and 2000 (Shindell 2006). The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change notes a small effect from fossil fuel–based black carbon, but some researchers have suggested that the impac ...
... climate, causing roughly a 0.5 degree Celsius increase in winter temperatures in the Arctic for the period between 1900 and 2000 (Shindell 2006). The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change notes a small effect from fossil fuel–based black carbon, but some researchers have suggested that the impac ...
- UNDP Climate Change Adaptation
... Budget climate coding/tracking (US, EC, Nepal, Indonesia) Distributional impacts of climate finance (Bangladesh) ...
... Budget climate coding/tracking (US, EC, Nepal, Indonesia) Distributional impacts of climate finance (Bangladesh) ...
HFC air-conditioners
... emission of one kilogram of carbon dioxide over a period of time (taking into account both warming potential of each molecule of a gas, and its atmospheric lifetime, which explains how long the gas will stay in the air). Greenhouse gases are expressed in terms of Carbon Dioxide Equivalent. The Inter ...
... emission of one kilogram of carbon dioxide over a period of time (taking into account both warming potential of each molecule of a gas, and its atmospheric lifetime, which explains how long the gas will stay in the air). Greenhouse gases are expressed in terms of Carbon Dioxide Equivalent. The Inter ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.