awareness of both type 1 and 2 errors in climate science and
... for sea level rise by 2100 that were lower than those reported in the Third Assessment Report and the Fifth Assessment Report (Fig. 2), but it warns that “Larger values cannot be excluded, but understanding of these effects is too limited to assess their likelihood or provide a best estimate or an u ...
... for sea level rise by 2100 that were lower than those reported in the Third Assessment Report and the Fifth Assessment Report (Fig. 2), but it warns that “Larger values cannot be excluded, but understanding of these effects is too limited to assess their likelihood or provide a best estimate or an u ...
Sample Chapter 19 (PDF, 28 Pages
... remain in the atmosphere, it is reasonable to expect Earth’s surface temperature to increase over the next half century or more. There is now widespread scientific agreement that global warming is occurring [16], although the severity of the consequences are still under debate. One expectation is th ...
... remain in the atmosphere, it is reasonable to expect Earth’s surface temperature to increase over the next half century or more. There is now widespread scientific agreement that global warming is occurring [16], although the severity of the consequences are still under debate. One expectation is th ...
The Role of CCS as a Mitigation Option within the IPCC
... Prospective areas in sedimentary basins where suitable saline formations, oil or gas fields, or coal beds may be found. Locations for storage in coal beds are only partly included. Prospectivity is a qualitative assessment of the likelihood that a suitable storage location is present in a given area ...
... Prospective areas in sedimentary basins where suitable saline formations, oil or gas fields, or coal beds may be found. Locations for storage in coal beds are only partly included. Prospectivity is a qualitative assessment of the likelihood that a suitable storage location is present in a given area ...
Guide One
... In this Guide, I look at the facts and opinions about climate change. The second Guide will be about what is being done and needs to be done to meet the threat of climate change; and the third is about the UK energy and climate change policy. The aim of this guide is to help the reader answer three ...
... In this Guide, I look at the facts and opinions about climate change. The second Guide will be about what is being done and needs to be done to meet the threat of climate change; and the third is about the UK energy and climate change policy. The aim of this guide is to help the reader answer three ...
Executive Summary (PDF)
... Human influence on the climate past 800,000 years. The Earth’s climate system is system is clear…Warming of the warming, global sea level is rising, snow and ice are climate system is unequivocal, and declining, and ocean chemistry and climate extremes since the 1950s, many of the are changing. From ...
... Human influence on the climate past 800,000 years. The Earth’s climate system is system is clear…Warming of the warming, global sea level is rising, snow and ice are climate system is unequivocal, and declining, and ocean chemistry and climate extremes since the 1950s, many of the are changing. From ...
ECOLOGY, POLLUTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
... global warming are based on computer climate modeling, a branch of science still in its infancy. The empirical evidence actual measurements of Earth's temperature shows no man-made warming trend. Indeed, over the past two decades, when CO2 levels have been at their highest, global average temperatur ...
... global warming are based on computer climate modeling, a branch of science still in its infancy. The empirical evidence actual measurements of Earth's temperature shows no man-made warming trend. Indeed, over the past two decades, when CO2 levels have been at their highest, global average temperatur ...
Extended Abstract
... ensembles, the models underestimate the magnitude of extreme conditions in long-term moisture deficiencies or surpluses. Another effect that leads to a decrease in the variability of the twentieth century model runs would be the effect of ensemble averaging. It is likely that each ensemble member m ...
... ensembles, the models underestimate the magnitude of extreme conditions in long-term moisture deficiencies or surpluses. Another effect that leads to a decrease in the variability of the twentieth century model runs would be the effect of ensemble averaging. It is likely that each ensemble member m ...
Texas in the Climate Change Squeeze
... There up to 40% less cropped land McCarl, B.A., W.D. Rosenthal, C.C. Chang, and R.M. Adams, "Climate Change and Texas Agriculture," in Implications of Climate Change on Texas, Edited by G.R. North, J. Schmandt and J. Clarkson, Chapter 8 University of Texas Press, 1994. McCarl, B.A., "Agricultural Se ...
... There up to 40% less cropped land McCarl, B.A., W.D. Rosenthal, C.C. Chang, and R.M. Adams, "Climate Change and Texas Agriculture," in Implications of Climate Change on Texas, Edited by G.R. North, J. Schmandt and J. Clarkson, Chapter 8 University of Texas Press, 1994. McCarl, B.A., "Agricultural Se ...
Climate warming impact on degree
... AO-GCM grid cells covering Switzerland were considered for the GP scenarios. The analysis was based on the simulated changes in long term monthly mean temperatures for the 2020s, 2050s and 2080s relative to the 1961–1990 average (Fig. 2). The DS scenarios were derived by applying the method of Gyali ...
... AO-GCM grid cells covering Switzerland were considered for the GP scenarios. The analysis was based on the simulated changes in long term monthly mean temperatures for the 2020s, 2050s and 2080s relative to the 1961–1990 average (Fig. 2). The DS scenarios were derived by applying the method of Gyali ...
06-lovejoy.doc:chevalier 24/11/04
... climate change is in fact the normal situation, notwithstanding all existing models being linear and gradual. The second point is that for the last 10,000 years the climate has been unusually stable. That period includes all recorded history, a significant fraction of unrecorded history, the origins ...
... climate change is in fact the normal situation, notwithstanding all existing models being linear and gradual. The second point is that for the last 10,000 years the climate has been unusually stable. That period includes all recorded history, a significant fraction of unrecorded history, the origins ...
Sea Level Rise, Climate Change and Health
... 1,000 communities will be at risk of permanent flooding. The four most impacted states are Florida, California, Louisiana and New York. Already, Native populations in Alaska and Louisiana have made plans to relocate their communities due to rising seas and flooding, becoming the first U.S. climate c ...
... 1,000 communities will be at risk of permanent flooding. The four most impacted states are Florida, California, Louisiana and New York. Already, Native populations in Alaska and Louisiana have made plans to relocate their communities due to rising seas and flooding, becoming the first U.S. climate c ...
The Global Warming Time Bomb?
... The single most important human-made greenhouse gas is CO2, which comes mainly from burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil and gas). However, the combined effect of the other human-made gases is comparable to that of CO2. These other gases, especially tropospheric ozone (O3) and its precursors including ...
... The single most important human-made greenhouse gas is CO2, which comes mainly from burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil and gas). However, the combined effect of the other human-made gases is comparable to that of CO2. These other gases, especially tropospheric ozone (O3) and its precursors including ...
Presentation - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
... CBOs oriented on climate change and livelihood issues Necessary arrangements made to sustain CBOs Community Action initiated on climate change adaptation on HU level Learning from the project disseminated at local, national and global level ...
... CBOs oriented on climate change and livelihood issues Necessary arrangements made to sustain CBOs Community Action initiated on climate change adaptation on HU level Learning from the project disseminated at local, national and global level ...
burning international bridges, fuelling global discontent
... Rights. Professor Quentin-Baxter was elected for three terms to the UN International Law Commission and may well have been nominated and elected to the International Court of Justice had he lived longer. He also served as the constitutional advisor to Nive, and with his wife, Alison, (who served as ...
... Rights. Professor Quentin-Baxter was elected for three terms to the UN International Law Commission and may well have been nominated and elected to the International Court of Justice had he lived longer. He also served as the constitutional advisor to Nive, and with his wife, Alison, (who served as ...
Climate change: How do we tell if it`s really happening?
... the climate system • There are often different ways of doing this and sometimes there isn’t a “best” method. Some of these are based on observations – which have an inherent uncertainty • These variations leads to differences in the feedbacks in models and differences in the future predictions BA Th ...
... the climate system • There are often different ways of doing this and sometimes there isn’t a “best” method. Some of these are based on observations – which have an inherent uncertainty • These variations leads to differences in the feedbacks in models and differences in the future predictions BA Th ...
the speech - Mary Robinson Foundation
... I am sure there are people in this room today who were born after the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, which gave rise to the United Nation’s Framework Convention on Climate Change. I’m sure that, for much of your lives, you have understood the great threats that the emission of greenhouse ga ...
... I am sure there are people in this room today who were born after the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, which gave rise to the United Nation’s Framework Convention on Climate Change. I’m sure that, for much of your lives, you have understood the great threats that the emission of greenhouse ga ...
Cooling Following Large Volcanic Eruptions
... (Fig. 3) may be due to a combination of causes, and more work is needed to better understand this process. Both the width [e.g., Fritts, 1976] and latewood density [e.g., Briffa et al., 1998] of tree rings have been used as proxy evidence for the effect of volcanic eruptions on climate. Detailed ana ...
... (Fig. 3) may be due to a combination of causes, and more work is needed to better understand this process. Both the width [e.g., Fritts, 1976] and latewood density [e.g., Briffa et al., 1998] of tree rings have been used as proxy evidence for the effect of volcanic eruptions on climate. Detailed ana ...
Top margin 1
... Climate change and the EU’s response What is the problem? The world is getting rapidly warmer, and there is an overwhelming consensus among the leading climate scientists that this is being caused mainly by carbon dioxide and other 'greenhouse gases' emitted by human activities, chiefly the combusti ...
... Climate change and the EU’s response What is the problem? The world is getting rapidly warmer, and there is an overwhelming consensus among the leading climate scientists that this is being caused mainly by carbon dioxide and other 'greenhouse gases' emitted by human activities, chiefly the combusti ...
CCAMLR - Antarctic and Southern Ocean Coalition
... include changes in temperature, ocean circulation, stratification, nutrient availability, oxygen levels and acidification.1 These changes are having and will continue to have profound effects on ecosystems, including the possibility of emerging, novel ecosystems. 2 It is important to note that, in t ...
... include changes in temperature, ocean circulation, stratification, nutrient availability, oxygen levels and acidification.1 These changes are having and will continue to have profound effects on ecosystems, including the possibility of emerging, novel ecosystems. 2 It is important to note that, in t ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.