Impacts of global environmental change on future health and health
... cases of malaria are estimated to occur annually, including 2 million (mostly childhood) deaths. A malaria crisis is emerging in Africa, abetted by widespread chloroquine resistance. In India, resurgence of malaria has been linked to the combined problems of chloroquine resistance, reduced efficienc ...
... cases of malaria are estimated to occur annually, including 2 million (mostly childhood) deaths. A malaria crisis is emerging in Africa, abetted by widespread chloroquine resistance. In India, resurgence of malaria has been linked to the combined problems of chloroquine resistance, reduced efficienc ...
The climate and climate change - Dept of Meteorology Home Page
... Although these sources of uncertainty exist we can assess and quantify the scale of uncertainty. This allows us to assign a level of confidence to climate projections. This allows the IPCC AR4 to say: – “Most of the observed increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century is ...
... Although these sources of uncertainty exist we can assess and quantify the scale of uncertainty. This allows us to assign a level of confidence to climate projections. This allows the IPCC AR4 to say: – “Most of the observed increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century is ...
Appendix 4 Coding Sheet
... Note 1. We are trying to get sense of how much of the coverage is centred on the negotiations. It is often the case in summit coverage that the journalists there follow very closely the daily ups and downs and process of the negotiations, sometimes to the detriment of other stories. Note 2. By ‘sour ...
... Note 1. We are trying to get sense of how much of the coverage is centred on the negotiations. It is often the case in summit coverage that the journalists there follow very closely the daily ups and downs and process of the negotiations, sometimes to the detriment of other stories. Note 2. By ‘sour ...
Living in an Uncertain World
... respect to the response of social and biological systems to multiple stressors – strongly argues for mitigation rather than adaptation (reinforcing and adding to other arguments, i.e. ethical ones). 2. To limit global warming to 2C – in fact, to keep global warming below 5C – we must cut emissions m ...
... respect to the response of social and biological systems to multiple stressors – strongly argues for mitigation rather than adaptation (reinforcing and adding to other arguments, i.e. ethical ones). 2. To limit global warming to 2C – in fact, to keep global warming below 5C – we must cut emissions m ...
List of IPCC and climate change communications research
... Formalization and Separation: A Systematic Basis for Interpreting Approaches to Summarizing Science for Climate Policy Sundqvist, Göran, Bohlin, Ingemar, Hermansen, Erlend A.T., & Yearley, Steven Social Studies of Science 45(3): 416-440. (2015) In studies of environmental issues, the question of how ...
... Formalization and Separation: A Systematic Basis for Interpreting Approaches to Summarizing Science for Climate Policy Sundqvist, Göran, Bohlin, Ingemar, Hermansen, Erlend A.T., & Yearley, Steven Social Studies of Science 45(3): 416-440. (2015) In studies of environmental issues, the question of how ...
The Summit that Snoozed?
... years of age. Currently food prices are once again surging because of further drought and conflict, which is impeding trade routes. For the first time since 2011, more than one million people are in need of food aid. In 2013, Typhoon Haiyan the strongest tropical storm ever recorded to make landfall ...
... years of age. Currently food prices are once again surging because of further drought and conflict, which is impeding trade routes. For the first time since 2011, more than one million people are in need of food aid. In 2013, Typhoon Haiyan the strongest tropical storm ever recorded to make landfall ...
PDF
... that ρ should be zero. That is, the welfare of equally wealthy generations should be counted equally; from this perspective, the expected growth of incomes provides the only equitable grounds for discounting (Broome 1992). Cline, for example, maintains that ρ is zero, θ is 1.5, and g will average 1% ...
... that ρ should be zero. That is, the welfare of equally wealthy generations should be counted equally; from this perspective, the expected growth of incomes provides the only equitable grounds for discounting (Broome 1992). Cline, for example, maintains that ρ is zero, θ is 1.5, and g will average 1% ...
Bird Species and Climate Change
... breeding grounds sufficiently to track availability of their prey, i.e. insects, which may peak earlier due to climatic warming. This exposes long-distance migratory birds to a greater climate change threat than resident birds. In the Netherlands, this mismatch has led to declines of up to 90 per ce ...
... breeding grounds sufficiently to track availability of their prey, i.e. insects, which may peak earlier due to climatic warming. This exposes long-distance migratory birds to a greater climate change threat than resident birds. In the Netherlands, this mismatch has led to declines of up to 90 per ce ...
understanding climate science - Garnaut Climate Change Review
... The earth’s atmosphere has not always been the same as it is today. Billions of years ago, the atmosphere was composed mainly of ammonia, water vapour and methane, but over time release of gases from within the planet through volcanic eruptions and discharge of gases from ocean vents changed conditi ...
... The earth’s atmosphere has not always been the same as it is today. Billions of years ago, the atmosphere was composed mainly of ammonia, water vapour and methane, but over time release of gases from within the planet through volcanic eruptions and discharge of gases from ocean vents changed conditi ...
Climate Change in the United States: The Prohibitive Costs of
... climate change, and their costs. These studies show that climate change will ...
... climate change, and their costs. These studies show that climate change will ...
Climate Change as Threat Multiplier
... quality of food and nutrition becomes inadequate, unaffordable or unreliable on a major scale.” There is growing evidence that climate change can have a significant influence on food security. For example, two recent peer-reviewed studies assert a 70 and 80% likelihood (respectively) that the Russia ...
... quality of food and nutrition becomes inadequate, unaffordable or unreliable on a major scale.” There is growing evidence that climate change can have a significant influence on food security. For example, two recent peer-reviewed studies assert a 70 and 80% likelihood (respectively) that the Russia ...
Why Hasn`t Earth Warmed as Much as Expected?
... The observed increase in global mean surface temperature (GMST) over the industrial era is less than 40% of that expected from observed increases in long-lived greenhouse gases together with the best-estimate equilibrium climate sensitivity given by the 2007 Assessment Report of the Intergovernmenta ...
... The observed increase in global mean surface temperature (GMST) over the industrial era is less than 40% of that expected from observed increases in long-lived greenhouse gases together with the best-estimate equilibrium climate sensitivity given by the 2007 Assessment Report of the Intergovernmenta ...
Forests and Climate Change
... been cleared for agriculture (Fig. 3D). Croplands have a higher albedo than forests (Fig. 1D), and many climate model simulations find that trees warm surface air temperature relative to crops (SOM). Masking of snow albedo by trees is important in cool temperate climates with snow. Studies of easter ...
... been cleared for agriculture (Fig. 3D). Croplands have a higher albedo than forests (Fig. 1D), and many climate model simulations find that trees warm surface air temperature relative to crops (SOM). Masking of snow albedo by trees is important in cool temperate climates with snow. Studies of easter ...
Young people`s burden: Requirement of
... asked the Court to dismiss the case, in part based on the argument that the requested rate of fossil fuel emissions reduction was implausible. Magistrate Judge Coffin stated that he was “troubled” by the severity of the requested emissions reduction rate, but he also noted that some of the alleged c ...
... asked the Court to dismiss the case, in part based on the argument that the requested rate of fossil fuel emissions reduction was implausible. Magistrate Judge Coffin stated that he was “troubled” by the severity of the requested emissions reduction rate, but he also noted that some of the alleged c ...
ppt - WMO
... - Member of The Climate Group - Member of the Global Roundtable on Climate Change (Jeff Sachs) - Board member of the European Climate Forum - Hosting side events at the annual global climate summits of the ...
... - Member of The Climate Group - Member of the Global Roundtable on Climate Change (Jeff Sachs) - Board member of the European Climate Forum - Hosting side events at the annual global climate summits of the ...
Annex 5: Changes to the Atlantic Ocean circulation (Gulf Stream)
... the last UKCIP02 report, however, considerable effort has been made to collate ...
... the last UKCIP02 report, however, considerable effort has been made to collate ...
Climate change and freshwater ecosystems: impacts
... In this review we address the need to understand biological responses at the higher levels of organization, suggest ways by which we might link these changes to energetic constraints imposed on individuals, and outline the potential for integrating these approaches to develop the more coherent theor ...
... In this review we address the need to understand biological responses at the higher levels of organization, suggest ways by which we might link these changes to energetic constraints imposed on individuals, and outline the potential for integrating these approaches to develop the more coherent theor ...
Death by Degrees: New York - Physicians for Social Responsibility
... glaciers, and changes in the Polar regions has led to more conclusive evidence that human activities are predominantly responsible for climate change. Two recently released studies lend additional strength to the evidence. An April 6, 2001 report in the journal Science presented data showing a progr ...
... glaciers, and changes in the Polar regions has led to more conclusive evidence that human activities are predominantly responsible for climate change. Two recently released studies lend additional strength to the evidence. An April 6, 2001 report in the journal Science presented data showing a progr ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.