The Paris Agreement global goals: What does a fair share for G20
... 1.3 Global emissions scenarios to reach the climate goals Reaching a temperature goal at minimal costs implies an optimal selection and deployment of low-carbon options (e.g. policies, renewable energies, afforestation, reduction of consumption, recycling…). The costs and effects, as well as the tim ...
... 1.3 Global emissions scenarios to reach the climate goals Reaching a temperature goal at minimal costs implies an optimal selection and deployment of low-carbon options (e.g. policies, renewable energies, afforestation, reduction of consumption, recycling…). The costs and effects, as well as the tim ...
(condensed)(large file! 10Mb) - Department of Physics and Astronomy
... in year-to-year climate variations. • A warm winter could be evidence of global warming, but only if it is part of a long-term trend. • Time will tell. ...
... in year-to-year climate variations. • A warm winter could be evidence of global warming, but only if it is part of a long-term trend. • Time will tell. ...
Impacts of climate variability and future climate change on harmful
... humans and the oceans. Recent studies have reviewed general oceanic responses to future climate change, while acknowledging the impacts that these changes will have on human societies [3-5]. Likewise, over the past decade, several studies have suggested possible relationships between climate and the ...
... humans and the oceans. Recent studies have reviewed general oceanic responses to future climate change, while acknowledging the impacts that these changes will have on human societies [3-5]. Likewise, over the past decade, several studies have suggested possible relationships between climate and the ...
Impact of population density on the surface temperature and micro
... grow, they increasingly contribute to climate change at scales beyond the local. For North American and European cities, Oke21 developed a regression model that successfully explained that 97% of the variability in UHI intensity is due to a single predictor variable – the population size. An analysi ...
... grow, they increasingly contribute to climate change at scales beyond the local. For North American and European cities, Oke21 developed a regression model that successfully explained that 97% of the variability in UHI intensity is due to a single predictor variable – the population size. An analysi ...
Biodiversity and Climate Change - a summary of impacts in
... freshwater biodiversity Assessing the impacts of climate change on terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity is not easy, as plants and animals are influenced by other pressures, such as atmospheric pollution and land use, and different factors can work in combination to bring about change. However, c ...
... freshwater biodiversity Assessing the impacts of climate change on terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity is not easy, as plants and animals are influenced by other pressures, such as atmospheric pollution and land use, and different factors can work in combination to bring about change. However, c ...
Accepted Article
... growth might affect flowering in the following summer. Finally, increases in winter (rather than spring) temperatures have been found to be important in delaying phenology in some alpine species, likely due to a delay in chilling requirements (Yu et al., 2010; Cook et al., 2012). ...
... growth might affect flowering in the following summer. Finally, increases in winter (rather than spring) temperatures have been found to be important in delaying phenology in some alpine species, likely due to a delay in chilling requirements (Yu et al., 2010; Cook et al., 2012). ...
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
... Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA, 2Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia, ...
... Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA, 2Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia, ...
Future humidity trends over the western United States in the CMIP5
... The Earth’s climate is warming due to the accumulation of human-produced greenhouse gases in the atmosphere (IPCC, 2007). Over the oceans, warmer surface temperatures will likely lead to increased evaporation and therefore greater specific humidity, but an approximately constant relative humidity (R ...
... The Earth’s climate is warming due to the accumulation of human-produced greenhouse gases in the atmosphere (IPCC, 2007). Over the oceans, warmer surface temperatures will likely lead to increased evaporation and therefore greater specific humidity, but an approximately constant relative humidity (R ...
The Collaborative Program on the Ethical Dimensions of Climate
... question of how to allocate emissions targets among nations so that total atmospheric concentrations of GHGs do not exceed very dangerous levels. In the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, 180 nations, including the United States, agreed that each country should reduce its em ...
... question of how to allocate emissions targets among nations so that total atmospheric concentrations of GHGs do not exceed very dangerous levels. In the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, 180 nations, including the United States, agreed that each country should reduce its em ...
Full-Text PDF
... decomposes a time-dependent periodic phenomenon into a series of sinusoidal functions, each defined by unique amplitude and phase values. The proportion of variance in the original time-series data set accounted for by each term of the harmonic analysis can also be calculated [25,26]. The first orde ...
... decomposes a time-dependent periodic phenomenon into a series of sinusoidal functions, each defined by unique amplitude and phase values. The proportion of variance in the original time-series data set accounted for by each term of the harmonic analysis can also be calculated [25,26]. The first orde ...
Climate notes
... long-lasting effects that may make the survival of life on Earth more difficult for both humans and other species. • Some of these potential climate changes include global warming, sea-level changes, and changes in precipitation. Chapter menu ...
... long-lasting effects that may make the survival of life on Earth more difficult for both humans and other species. • Some of these potential climate changes include global warming, sea-level changes, and changes in precipitation. Chapter menu ...
Meander Valley
... decades since the 1950s at a similar rate to the rest of Tasmania (up to 0.1 °C per decade). Daily minimum temperatures have risen slightly more than daily maximum temperatures. There has also been a corresponding decline in average rainfall along with fewer wet years since the 1970s. This decrease ...
... decades since the 1950s at a similar rate to the rest of Tasmania (up to 0.1 °C per decade). Daily minimum temperatures have risen slightly more than daily maximum temperatures. There has also been a corresponding decline in average rainfall along with fewer wet years since the 1970s. This decrease ...
Climate projections for ecologists
... The IPCC has changed its reporting In 2013–2014, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) released its fifth assessment report of the science of climate change. Climate scientists are now using a set of more than 50 climate models and have changed the way they describe emissions scenario ...
... The IPCC has changed its reporting In 2013–2014, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) released its fifth assessment report of the science of climate change. Climate scientists are now using a set of more than 50 climate models and have changed the way they describe emissions scenario ...
Sea level Rise impact on Singapore, Solomon Island, Saint Vincent
... Based on the report of David Anthoff, et al., the sea level rise scenario is obtained from Global DEM and LOICS data, a similar consideration is made for this analysis2. The various islands that are found to be vulnerable are analysed for sea level rise of 5m and the total area of impact is determin ...
... Based on the report of David Anthoff, et al., the sea level rise scenario is obtained from Global DEM and LOICS data, a similar consideration is made for this analysis2. The various islands that are found to be vulnerable are analysed for sea level rise of 5m and the total area of impact is determin ...
... Washington sites will occur in 2003 (Fig. 3). Indeed, large mussel mortality events occurred in the summer of 2002 in both Washington (41) and Oregon (42). These results suggest that, all other factors being equal, the relative level of thermal stress observed between these sites will vary markedly ...
An intercomparison of observed and simulated extreme rainfall and
... anthropogenic climate change signal since natural forcing has not change that much. As the scales getting smaller, the natural variability or the noise will be very strong when compared with the signal. To quantify this comparison of observed and simulated linear trends for the extreme indices durin ...
... anthropogenic climate change signal since natural forcing has not change that much. As the scales getting smaller, the natural variability or the noise will be very strong when compared with the signal. To quantify this comparison of observed and simulated linear trends for the extreme indices durin ...
evident - Mudanças Climáticas
... anthropogenic climate change signal since natural forcing has not change that much. As the scales getting smaller, the natural variability or the noise will be very strong when compared with the signal. To quantify this comparison of observed and simulated linear trends for the extreme indices durin ...
... anthropogenic climate change signal since natural forcing has not change that much. As the scales getting smaller, the natural variability or the noise will be very strong when compared with the signal. To quantify this comparison of observed and simulated linear trends for the extreme indices durin ...
Dorsey.18.2.Jun_.07
... concentrated in the hands of a shrinking minority, while immiseration and injustice are socialized and widespread. It is against this backdrop that negotiations to manage the world’s climate unfold. The 2007 release of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) announcement noted: “there ...
... concentrated in the hands of a shrinking minority, while immiseration and injustice are socialized and widespread. It is against this backdrop that negotiations to manage the world’s climate unfold. The 2007 release of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) announcement noted: “there ...
Extreme Events - International Research Institute for Climate and
... cycle over the contiguous United States: Trends derived from in situ observations. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 5 (1): 64-85. Groisman, PY, WE Knight and TR Karl, 2001. Heavy precipitation and high streamflow in the contiguous United States: Trends in the twentieth century. Journal of Climate, 82 (2 ...
... cycle over the contiguous United States: Trends derived from in situ observations. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 5 (1): 64-85. Groisman, PY, WE Knight and TR Karl, 2001. Heavy precipitation and high streamflow in the contiguous United States: Trends in the twentieth century. Journal of Climate, 82 (2 ...
Thresholds and Closing Windows
... just the coming few decades, including the 2020–30 commitment period that is the focus of the Paris Agreement. Once started however, they inevitably will unfold, with no possible means to halt them on timescales of decades, centuries or millennia. Cryospheric thresholds reflect an immutable physical ...
... just the coming few decades, including the 2020–30 commitment period that is the focus of the Paris Agreement. Once started however, they inevitably will unfold, with no possible means to halt them on timescales of decades, centuries or millennia. Cryospheric thresholds reflect an immutable physical ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.