Unit V Anatomy and Physiology
... Auxins – stimulate plant growth by promoting cell elongation . Gibberellins – promote lengthening of plant stems by stimulating both cell division and cell elongation. Cytokinins – play a major role in stimulating cell division in rapidly dividing meristem tissues of root and shoot tips. Ethylene – ...
... Auxins – stimulate plant growth by promoting cell elongation . Gibberellins – promote lengthening of plant stems by stimulating both cell division and cell elongation. Cytokinins – play a major role in stimulating cell division in rapidly dividing meristem tissues of root and shoot tips. Ethylene – ...
File
... o Cord cambium: produces the outer bark and its cork and sap layers. Lenticels: holes in bark that allow gas exchange. 5. Leaves: leaves have multiple functions: Photosynthesis: discussed in Part 4. Spinal: leaves can be modified to form spines in order to store water and to protect the organi ...
... o Cord cambium: produces the outer bark and its cork and sap layers. Lenticels: holes in bark that allow gas exchange. 5. Leaves: leaves have multiple functions: Photosynthesis: discussed in Part 4. Spinal: leaves can be modified to form spines in order to store water and to protect the organi ...
Class handout: Succulent propagation techniques
... the entire leaf base; pulling to the side usually does this more effectively than cutting. Usually lower leaves are used. Leaves are left to dry until they form roots, although they can be planted directly into dry soil as well. Tiny roots or baby plants will form at the base of the leaf. Plants tha ...
... the entire leaf base; pulling to the side usually does this more effectively than cutting. Usually lower leaves are used. Leaves are left to dry until they form roots, although they can be planted directly into dry soil as well. Tiny roots or baby plants will form at the base of the leaf. Plants tha ...
A Closer Look at
... Angiosperms are the most complex and adaptable of all plant groups. They are also the most successful due to two important modifications: A. Fruit- A fruit is a mature ovary that contains one or more seeds. It provides the embryo with greater protection and nutrients than found in gymnosperm seeds. ...
... Angiosperms are the most complex and adaptable of all plant groups. They are also the most successful due to two important modifications: A. Fruit- A fruit is a mature ovary that contains one or more seeds. It provides the embryo with greater protection and nutrients than found in gymnosperm seeds. ...
Plant Structure and Reproduction
... Meristems: retain the capacity to divide and result in plant growth. Apical meristems lie at the apices of stems and roots and result in primary growth – increase in length. Lateral meristems lie in mature roots and stems and result in formation vascular bundles. 6. Permanent tissues lose the capaci ...
... Meristems: retain the capacity to divide and result in plant growth. Apical meristems lie at the apices of stems and roots and result in primary growth – increase in length. Lateral meristems lie in mature roots and stems and result in formation vascular bundles. 6. Permanent tissues lose the capaci ...
PLANT TROPISMS WHAT ARE TROPISMS? Plants can respond to
... against the action of gravity. Auxins concentrate on the lower part, causing the plant shoot to grow ...
... against the action of gravity. Auxins concentrate on the lower part, causing the plant shoot to grow ...
Handout #2 - Thirteen.org
... The stem carries water and nutrients. 4. What type of cells would one find inside a stem? The two types of cells are xylem and phloem. 5. What is the purpose of leaves on a plant? The leaves serve as the food-making factories of the plant. 6. How are leaves arranged? The leaves can be simple or sing ...
... The stem carries water and nutrients. 4. What type of cells would one find inside a stem? The two types of cells are xylem and phloem. 5. What is the purpose of leaves on a plant? The leaves serve as the food-making factories of the plant. 6. How are leaves arranged? The leaves can be simple or sing ...
primary growth.
... Secondary Growth • Some of the undifferentiated cells that are left behind as stems and roots lengthen and produce lateral meristems. • The two lateral meristems responsible for secondary growth are called the cork cambium and the vascular cambium. ...
... Secondary Growth • Some of the undifferentiated cells that are left behind as stems and roots lengthen and produce lateral meristems. • The two lateral meristems responsible for secondary growth are called the cork cambium and the vascular cambium. ...
Structure Comp. Rev. 2008
... 6. What structures do angiosperms use to hold their seeds for reproduction? 7. Is corn (a type of grass) a monocot or a dicot? 8. What does deciduous mean? 9. What is a cotyledon? 10. What kind of venation does corn have? 11. How many cotyledons does a palm tree have? 12. An example of a non-vascula ...
... 6. What structures do angiosperms use to hold their seeds for reproduction? 7. Is corn (a type of grass) a monocot or a dicot? 8. What does deciduous mean? 9. What is a cotyledon? 10. What kind of venation does corn have? 11. How many cotyledons does a palm tree have? 12. An example of a non-vascula ...
Plant Structure and Growth
... the main organs of plants and their functions. Know the main cell types or tissues in plants and their ...
... the main organs of plants and their functions. Know the main cell types or tissues in plants and their ...
Kingdom Plantae Test Review Pre-AP Spring 2008
... a. Absorbing Nutrients—developed roots, vascular tissues (xylem and phloem), and mycorrhizae (symbiotic relationship with fungi) b. Dessication/drying out—waxy cuticle on leaves, stomata that open/close, specialized leaves, seeds c. Reproduction without water—spores, pollen, flowers, fruits, seeds 6 ...
... a. Absorbing Nutrients—developed roots, vascular tissues (xylem and phloem), and mycorrhizae (symbiotic relationship with fungi) b. Dessication/drying out—waxy cuticle on leaves, stomata that open/close, specialized leaves, seeds c. Reproduction without water—spores, pollen, flowers, fruits, seeds 6 ...
plants review key - McKinney ISD Staff Sites
... a. Absorbing Nutrients—developed roots, vascular tissues (xylem and phloem), and mycorrhizae (symbiotic relationship with fungi) b. Dessication/drying out—waxy cuticle on leaves, stomata that open/close, specialized leaves, seeds c. Reproduction without water—spores, pollen, flowers, fruits, seeds 6 ...
... a. Absorbing Nutrients—developed roots, vascular tissues (xylem and phloem), and mycorrhizae (symbiotic relationship with fungi) b. Dessication/drying out—waxy cuticle on leaves, stomata that open/close, specialized leaves, seeds c. Reproduction without water—spores, pollen, flowers, fruits, seeds 6 ...
Power Point 1 - G. Holmes Braddock
... retains water and contains stomata The periderm is multilayered that consists of phellem, phelloderm, phellogen Vascular tissue is mostly made of xylem and phloem Allows water and other nutrients to be transported throughout the plant ...
... retains water and contains stomata The periderm is multilayered that consists of phellem, phelloderm, phellogen Vascular tissue is mostly made of xylem and phloem Allows water and other nutrients to be transported throughout the plant ...
plant structure
... a. covered by tiny root hairs = more surface area = more absorption b. contain active transport proteins in their cell membranes to pump minerals from soil into plant. c. water follows by osmosis ...
... a. covered by tiny root hairs = more surface area = more absorption b. contain active transport proteins in their cell membranes to pump minerals from soil into plant. c. water follows by osmosis ...
Chapter 35
... Produced by gymnosperms and dicots. It consists of one large vertical root that grows downward and is called then a taproot. It produces lateral roots. This system generally penetrates deep into the soil. ...
... Produced by gymnosperms and dicots. It consists of one large vertical root that grows downward and is called then a taproot. It produces lateral roots. This system generally penetrates deep into the soil. ...
Leaves 23-4 - SCHOOLinSITES
... Guard Cells - epidermal cells found on the underside of leaves that control the opening and closing of the stomata by responding to changes in water pressure. Also, responds to conditions in the environment, such as wind and temperature. ...
... Guard Cells - epidermal cells found on the underside of leaves that control the opening and closing of the stomata by responding to changes in water pressure. Also, responds to conditions in the environment, such as wind and temperature. ...
Chapter 17 and 18 Organization of a Vascular Plant Organization of
... Primary Growth Primary growth of shoot, leaves cluster around apical meristem unfolding and growing as stem elongates. - Bud develops in axil of each leaf. ¾ Hormone moving downward from the terminal bud continuously suppresses lateral bud expansion. Stems: vascular tissue ...
... Primary Growth Primary growth of shoot, leaves cluster around apical meristem unfolding and growing as stem elongates. - Bud develops in axil of each leaf. ¾ Hormone moving downward from the terminal bud continuously suppresses lateral bud expansion. Stems: vascular tissue ...
Document
... 6. Name some plants that reproduce using spores. Mosses, ferns & duckweed 7. Explain what cellular respiration is. The process in which cells take in water and food to make energy. CO2 and water are given off. This process takes place in the mitochondria. ...
... 6. Name some plants that reproduce using spores. Mosses, ferns & duckweed 7. Explain what cellular respiration is. The process in which cells take in water and food to make energy. CO2 and water are given off. This process takes place in the mitochondria. ...
Plant Tissues and Organs
... A plant is a multicellular eukaryote that has cellulose in the cell walls, stores food in the form of starch, has a cuticle- a waxy, waterproof coating on the stems and leaves. Cuticles help to prevent water loss ...
... A plant is a multicellular eukaryote that has cellulose in the cell walls, stores food in the form of starch, has a cuticle- a waxy, waterproof coating on the stems and leaves. Cuticles help to prevent water loss ...
Xylem
... Zone of Elongation: cells elongate; push root tip ahead Zone of Cell Division: apical meristem; new cells produced (mitosis) Root cap: protects meristem as it pushes through soil ...
... Zone of Elongation: cells elongate; push root tip ahead Zone of Cell Division: apical meristem; new cells produced (mitosis) Root cap: protects meristem as it pushes through soil ...
Name - Fairfield Public Schools
... Ch. 28 Plant Evolution: Describe the basic physical characteristics, the environment in which they are found and examples for each of the following: o bryophytes o pteridophytes o gymnosperms o angiosperms How are the 4 groups of plants related to one another in terms of evolution? Which group ...
... Ch. 28 Plant Evolution: Describe the basic physical characteristics, the environment in which they are found and examples for each of the following: o bryophytes o pteridophytes o gymnosperms o angiosperms How are the 4 groups of plants related to one another in terms of evolution? Which group ...
Meristem
A meristem is the tissue in most plants containing undifferentiated cells (meristematic cells), found in zones of the plant where growth can take place.Meristematic cells give rise to various organs of the plant and keep the plant growing. The shoot apical meristem (SAM) gives rise to organs like the leaves and flowers, while the root apical meristem (RAM) provides the meristematic cells for the future root growth. SAM and RAM cells divide rapidly and are considered indeterminate, in that they do not possess any defined end status. In that sense, the meristematic cells are frequently compared to the stem cells in animals, which have an analogous behavior and function.The term meristem was first used in 1858 by Karl Wilhelm von Nägeli (1817–1891) in his book Beiträge zur Wissenschaftlichen Botanik. It is derived from the Greek word merizein (μερίζειν), meaning to divide, in recognition of its inherent function.In general, differentiated plant cells cannot divide or produce cells of a different type. Therefore, cell division in the meristem is required to provide new cells for expansion and differentiation of tissues and initiation of new organs, providing the basic structure of the plant body.Meristematic cells are incompletely or not at all differentiated, and are capable of continued cellular division (youthful). Furthermore, the cells are small and protoplasm fills the cell completely. The vacuoles are extremely small. The cytoplasm does not contain differentiated plastids (chloroplasts or chromoplasts), although they are present in rudimentary form (proplastids). Meristematic cells are packed closely together without intercellular cavities. The cell wall is a very thin primary cell wall.Maintenance of the cells requires a balance between two antagonistic processes: organ initiation and stem cell population renewal.Apical meristems are the completely undifferentiated (indeterminate) meristems in a plant. These differentiate into three kinds of primary meristems. The primary meristems in turn produce the two secondary meristem types. These secondary meristems are also known as lateral meristems because they are involved in lateral growth.At the meristem summit, there is a small group of slowly dividing cells, which is commonly called the central zone. Cells of this zone have a stem cell function and are essential for meristem maintenance. The proliferation and growth rates at the meristem summit usually differ considerably from those at the periphery.Meristems also are induced in the roots of legumes such as soybean, Lotus japonicus, pea, and Medicago truncatula after infection with soil bacteria commonly called Rhizobium. Cells of the inner or outer cortex in the so-called ""window of nodulation"" just behind the developing root tip are induced to divide. The critical signal substance is the lipo-oligosaccharide Nod-factor, decorated with side groups to allow specificity of interaction. The Nod factor receptor proteins NFR1 and NFR5 were cloned from several legumes including Lotus japonicus, Medicago truncatula and soybean (Glycine max). Regulation of nodule meristems utilizes long distance regulation commonly called ""Autoregulation of Nodulation"" (AON). This process involves a leaf-vascular tissue located LRR receptor kinases (LjHAR1, GmNARK and MtSUNN), CLE peptide signalling, and KAPP interaction, similar to that seen in the CLV1,2,3 system. LjKLAVIER also exhibits a nodule regulation phenotype though it is not yet known how this relates to the other AON receptor kinases.