Climate Change in the African Small Island Developing States: From
... adverse environmental factors, including their small size, isolation, narrow resource base, small populations, high population density and limited supplies of fresh water (Briguglio, 2003; Guillaumont, 2007; Wong, 2011; Boto and Biasca, 2012). In 2005, the parties to the United Nations Framework Con ...
... adverse environmental factors, including their small size, isolation, narrow resource base, small populations, high population density and limited supplies of fresh water (Briguglio, 2003; Guillaumont, 2007; Wong, 2011; Boto and Biasca, 2012). In 2005, the parties to the United Nations Framework Con ...
Guidance for making the case for climate change adaptation in the
... one of the ‘killer’ variables for productivity in the workplace, with productivity losses of up to 20% associated with declining levels of comfort. Keeping cool within buildings is likely to be a major challenge as the frequency of very high summer temperatures increases and energy costs increase. A ...
... one of the ‘killer’ variables for productivity in the workplace, with productivity losses of up to 20% associated with declining levels of comfort. Keeping cool within buildings is likely to be a major challenge as the frequency of very high summer temperatures increases and energy costs increase. A ...
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... JEL classification: Q54, Q58 Keywords: adaptation, mitigation, uncertainty ...
... JEL classification: Q54, Q58 Keywords: adaptation, mitigation, uncertainty ...
MURARI LAL (INDIA), HIDEO HARASAWA (JAPAN), AND DANIEL
... 2080s over the land regions of Asia as a result of future increases in atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases. Under the combined influence of greenhouse gas and sulfate aerosols, surface warming would be restricted to about 2.5°C in the 2050s and about 4°C in the 2080s. In general, projected ...
... 2080s over the land regions of Asia as a result of future increases in atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases. Under the combined influence of greenhouse gas and sulfate aerosols, surface warming would be restricted to about 2.5°C in the 2050s and about 4°C in the 2080s. In general, projected ...
Chapter 2 Current Legal Challenges in Climate Change Justice
... 2.1.2 Constraints of international environmental treaties to address climate change As described in Chapter 1, the chief international environment instruments dedicated to addressing climate change issues are the UNFCCC and the Kyoto Protocol. These treaties invoke the principles of inter- and intra ...
... 2.1.2 Constraints of international environmental treaties to address climate change As described in Chapter 1, the chief international environment instruments dedicated to addressing climate change issues are the UNFCCC and the Kyoto Protocol. These treaties invoke the principles of inter- and intra ...
A Question of Balance - Yale Economics
... signals—such as greater high-latitude warming—that are distinguishing indicators of this particular type of warming. Recent evidence and model predictions suggest that global mean surface temperature will rise sharply in the next century and beyond. Climate Change 2007, the Fourth Assessment Report ...
... signals—such as greater high-latitude warming—that are distinguishing indicators of this particular type of warming. Recent evidence and model predictions suggest that global mean surface temperature will rise sharply in the next century and beyond. Climate Change 2007, the Fourth Assessment Report ...
Full-Text PDF
... eustatic sea level rise 9 kyrs ago, due to the increased water column pressure regardless of the eustatic model. After 9 kyrs ago the GHs grow downward quickly to ~20 mbsf within about 1.5 kyrs ago. Subsequently and until the present, the reformed GH layer thins only slightly as the transient effect ...
... eustatic sea level rise 9 kyrs ago, due to the increased water column pressure regardless of the eustatic model. After 9 kyrs ago the GHs grow downward quickly to ~20 mbsf within about 1.5 kyrs ago. Subsequently and until the present, the reformed GH layer thins only slightly as the transient effect ...
ICPDR Strategy on Adaptation to Climate Change
... Directive, coordination with the implementation of the WFD is required in order to ensure that differing and conflicting interests can be properly balanced and maximum synergies are gained. ...
... Directive, coordination with the implementation of the WFD is required in order to ensure that differing and conflicting interests can be properly balanced and maximum synergies are gained. ...
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF THE GREEN CLIMATE FUND*
... The Green Climate Fund (GCF) has been one of the core issues of the world climate summits under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in recent years. However, the GCF has not progressed smoothly, and currently there are no satisfactory schemes for raising and distributi ...
... The Green Climate Fund (GCF) has been one of the core issues of the world climate summits under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in recent years. However, the GCF has not progressed smoothly, and currently there are no satisfactory schemes for raising and distributi ...
Mainstreaming Climate Change in CAADP processes in
... paper will therefore explore some of the recent developments and debates taking place in Malawi in as far as climate change policy in agriculture is concerned and how climate change issues are finding their way into agricultural policy process, especially the ASWAp. Since the late 70’s and the early ...
... paper will therefore explore some of the recent developments and debates taking place in Malawi in as far as climate change policy in agriculture is concerned and how climate change issues are finding their way into agricultural policy process, especially the ASWAp. Since the late 70’s and the early ...
The positive impact of human CO2 emissions on the survival of life
... Dr. Patrick Moore is a Senior Fellow with the Energy, Ecology and Prosperity program at the Frontier Centre for Public Policy. He has been a leader in the international environmental field for over 40 years. Dr. Moore is a Co-Founder of Greenpeace and served for nine years as President of Greenpeace ...
... Dr. Patrick Moore is a Senior Fellow with the Energy, Ecology and Prosperity program at the Frontier Centre for Public Policy. He has been a leader in the international environmental field for over 40 years. Dr. Moore is a Co-Founder of Greenpeace and served for nine years as President of Greenpeace ...
PDF - World Agroforestry Centre
... practices or to the impacts of climate change – undermines the basis of pastoral economies. Based on a review mostly of the Chinese language literature, this paper describes observed and predicted climate change, and impacts of both climate change and anthropogenic factors on grasslands. It ends wit ...
... practices or to the impacts of climate change – undermines the basis of pastoral economies. Based on a review mostly of the Chinese language literature, this paper describes observed and predicted climate change, and impacts of both climate change and anthropogenic factors on grasslands. It ends wit ...
An Examination of the Factors Affecting Relative and Absolute Sea
... the Fraser River delta can add another 100 cm and typically occur in late fall to early winter when there is the possibility of high spring tides. The highest recorded sea level in British Columbia occurred on 16 December 1982 in the Fraser Delta region during a major storm at the time of a strong E ...
... the Fraser River delta can add another 100 cm and typically occur in late fall to early winter when there is the possibility of high spring tides. The highest recorded sea level in British Columbia occurred on 16 December 1982 in the Fraser Delta region during a major storm at the time of a strong E ...
Eric Gordon and Lisa Dilling - Initiative on Climate Adaptation
... Few papers in the climate change adaptation literature attempt to craft a definition of successful adaptation, and even fewer spend a significant amount of time exploring the concept. In a report for the Pew Center on Global Climate Change, Easterling and his colleagues (2004) offered the following ...
... Few papers in the climate change adaptation literature attempt to craft a definition of successful adaptation, and even fewer spend a significant amount of time exploring the concept. In a report for the Pew Center on Global Climate Change, Easterling and his colleagues (2004) offered the following ...
Indirect Land Use Change, Uncertainty, and Biofuels, Policy
... Indirect land use change (ILUC)- the theory that the use of cropland for biofuels raisesfood prices and thus increases the incentive to convert forests and grasslands to crop production, thereby releasing stored carbon and decreasingfuture carbon sequestration-is a particularconcern with ethanol pro ...
... Indirect land use change (ILUC)- the theory that the use of cropland for biofuels raisesfood prices and thus increases the incentive to convert forests and grasslands to crop production, thereby releasing stored carbon and decreasingfuture carbon sequestration-is a particularconcern with ethanol pro ...
U. S. Senate Minority Report:
... “The models and forecasts of the UN IPCC "are incorrect because they only are based on mathematical models and presented results at scenarios that do not include, for example, solar activity.” - Victor Manuel Velasco Herrera, a researcher at the Institute of Geophysics of the National Autonomous Uni ...
... “The models and forecasts of the UN IPCC "are incorrect because they only are based on mathematical models and presented results at scenarios that do not include, for example, solar activity.” - Victor Manuel Velasco Herrera, a researcher at the Institute of Geophysics of the National Autonomous Uni ...
Vulnerability, Environmental Security, and Adaptation Awareness in
... Assessments,” the sectors of Samoa most vulnerable to climate change include agriculture, biodiversity, water resources, coastal areas, and human health (Hay, 2000). Clearly, the presence of sea level rise is blatant, and the impacts only continue to emerge across multiple spheres of Samoan society. ...
... Assessments,” the sectors of Samoa most vulnerable to climate change include agriculture, biodiversity, water resources, coastal areas, and human health (Hay, 2000). Clearly, the presence of sea level rise is blatant, and the impacts only continue to emerge across multiple spheres of Samoan society. ...
PDF
... our natural environment and affect the global economy, thus representing the world’s most pressing long-term threat to future prosperity and security. With greenhouse gas emissions embodied in virtually all products produced and traded in every conceivable economic sector, effectively addressing cli ...
... our natural environment and affect the global economy, thus representing the world’s most pressing long-term threat to future prosperity and security. With greenhouse gas emissions embodied in virtually all products produced and traded in every conceivable economic sector, effectively addressing cli ...
Written submissions received for the Adapting to Climate Change in
... vulnerability and increasing the resilience of terrestrial, freshwater and marine systems. Protecting natural systems would provide Tasmania with a significant opportunity to capture and store carbon. To minimise impacts on natural systems, it was indicated that there should be an ongoing commitment ...
... vulnerability and increasing the resilience of terrestrial, freshwater and marine systems. Protecting natural systems would provide Tasmania with a significant opportunity to capture and store carbon. To minimise impacts on natural systems, it was indicated that there should be an ongoing commitment ...
Executive Summary - Forest Watch
... An Expanded Economic Analysis – A more thorough economic impact analysis, focusing on all sectors and accounting for expanded multiplier factors, is needed. The limited economic assessment conducted for the NERA had a narrow focus on only a few segments of the Forest, Tourism, and Human Health Secto ...
... An Expanded Economic Analysis – A more thorough economic impact analysis, focusing on all sectors and accounting for expanded multiplier factors, is needed. The limited economic assessment conducted for the NERA had a narrow focus on only a few segments of the Forest, Tourism, and Human Health Secto ...
ACIA Ch01 Final - Arctic Climate Impact Assessment
... the most comprehensive and best-known assessment of climate change on a global basis (e.g., IPCC, 2001a,b), and has provided many valuable lessons for the ACIA. In addition, regional studies have examined, among other areas, Canada (Maxwell, 1997), the Mackenzie Basin (Cohen 1997a,b), the Barents Se ...
... the most comprehensive and best-known assessment of climate change on a global basis (e.g., IPCC, 2001a,b), and has provided many valuable lessons for the ACIA. In addition, regional studies have examined, among other areas, Canada (Maxwell, 1997), the Mackenzie Basin (Cohen 1997a,b), the Barents Se ...
Climate Change, Agricultural Adaptation and Fairtrade
... The literature on agricultural adaptation to climate change, and specifically the distinction between farm-level and institutional/policy adaptations is briefly reviewed. The important concept of agricultural innovation systems, including knowledge transfers between farmers and assorted stakeholders ...
... The literature on agricultural adaptation to climate change, and specifically the distinction between farm-level and institutional/policy adaptations is briefly reviewed. The important concept of agricultural innovation systems, including knowledge transfers between farmers and assorted stakeholders ...
Earth Day – Special Virtual Issue from Berghahn Journals
... environmental management) might not be maladaptive at another level (e.g., national security). In essence, adaptation is a blind, complex, dynamic, and contingent process. While politics emphasizes the short-term view, human adaptation must be judged from a long-term perspective. Further, given the ...
... environmental management) might not be maladaptive at another level (e.g., national security). In essence, adaptation is a blind, complex, dynamic, and contingent process. While politics emphasizes the short-term view, human adaptation must be judged from a long-term perspective. Further, given the ...
Climate change in Central America and Mexico
... defined in Giorgi and Francisco (2000). One of these regions is Central America and Mexico spanning latitudes from 10° to 30° N and longitudes from 83° to 116° W. The warming in Central America as simulated by the MMD under the SRES A1B scenario is greater than the global average warming in both bor ...
... defined in Giorgi and Francisco (2000). One of these regions is Central America and Mexico spanning latitudes from 10° to 30° N and longitudes from 83° to 116° W. The warming in Central America as simulated by the MMD under the SRES A1B scenario is greater than the global average warming in both bor ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.